Black History
EFFECTS OF CAPITALISM ON BLACK ECONOMICS
History of Slavery and Capitalism
Capitalism Effects on Black Economics in the United States
Capitalism Effects on Black Economics in Cuba
BLACK HISTOY
EFFECTS OF CAPITALISM ON BLACK ECONOMICS
History of Slavery and Capitalism
The ancient slave history besides the humanitarian aspect is considered a stigma on the so-called civilized society of the West. America's slave population was 33,000 in the 17th century, nearly three million in the 18th century. It later rose up to six million in mid of 18th century. During this journey towards passage to the New World period more than a million died.
The English colonialism is considered responsible for the promotion of the Atlantic trade and slave plantation system. The profits of slavery were mainly to serve the English economy. England's sole economic position helped the establishment of these colonies. The capitalist transformation of agriculture assisted in creating land less laborers that was available in the…...
mlaReferences
Williams Eric. 1964(1944) Capitalism and Slavery, London, Andre Deutsch, p.105
Marx Karl. 1954, Lawrence and Wishart, London, Capital, Vol.I Ch.XXVI, p.667
Marx Karl. 1954, Lawrence and Wishart, London, Capital, Vol.I Ch.XXVI, p. 703
From Rally. Global fascism: response to global class struggle, Comrades! Vol. 15 Number 3 http://www.lrna.org/league/Rally/15.03/rc.15.03.fascism.html
He thus rejects Afrocentrism as a fundamental political act of self-definition by American Blacks along with the term as an African Diaspora to describe slavery, given that the slave trade dispersed members of Black tribes in Africa and in other areas of the Western world. Black Americans, once again, have produced a unique cultural legacy and suffered unique historical injustices, as distinct from the injustices of colonialism. Also, even before slavery, Africans lived all over the world but for reasons distinct than those originating with the Middle Passage. While well-intentioned as Afrocentric ideology "reflects the renewed pride of black people in shaping a future based on the concept of one African people living in the African Diaspora, "the notion of Diaspora fails to convey a sense of the "vast global presence" of black Africans and their descendants and "the African Diaspora concept, as it is usually used, puts black…...
When attacked, they must defend by any means which an ordinary human being would find morally justifiable. This is why his ideas were so broad based and encompassed all blacks. He believed not just in their education and self-defense, but that they become self sufficient and not dependent upon whites. This was initially through the agencies of the Nation of Islam ("Malcolm x biography," 2011).
His ideas certainly changed over time. At first, he favored an Afrocentric viewpoint calling for black power through the nation of Islam. However, after his trip to Mecca, Malcolm X started to preach a universal message because he saw peoples of all colors at Mecca. He participated in demonstrations and boycotts and attempted to organize the black community economically. When he broke with Elijah Muhammad, he formed his own organization. The criticism of Malcolm X was not just due to his radicalism, but due to…...
mlaReferences
Hine, D.C., Hine, W.C., & Harrold, S.C. (2011). The triumph of black politics from 1980 to present.
In The African-American Odyssey, Vol. 2 (pp. 672-694). New York, NY: Pearson.
Jones, C. (Performer) (2008). Clarence jones on martin luther king jr. [Television series episode]. In
Carson, C. (Executive Producer), African-American History. Stanford, CA: Stanord University.
Legacy of the Negro Leagues
The history of the Negro League in baseball has recently received new interest after a half a century of benign neglect. aseball fans realize that lacks played baseball before 1974, of course, because they know that Jackie Robinson moved out of the Negro Leagues to play for the rooklyn Dodgers, thus integrating what most people thought of as "major league baseball." The history of the teams that created Robinson and thousands of other talented athletes deserves more attention.
EARLY HISTORY OF ASEALL
aseball began as a "gentleman's game." Men of means joined athletic clubs and formed teams. These clubs played each other for the fun of it. After the Civil War, interest in baseball broadened to all levels of society. It crossed ethnic and color lines, which is one reason it was eventually described as "the national pastime." (Riley, 2002). It was still a game for amateurs…...
mlaBibliography
Author not available. "A Museum of Their Own: Kansas City's home for Negro League baseball." Emerge. June 1997.
Conrads, David. "Sacrifice Play: The Negro Baseball Leagues Remembered." The World & I. December 1999.
Kram, Mark. "No Place in the Shade: Cool Papa Bell." Sports Illustrated. June 20, 1994.
Riley, James A. "Negro Baseball Leages" website. TK Publishers. Accessed via the Internet 3/25/02. http://www.blackbaseball.com/
"
The Aftermath
Uncle Tom characters were common in both white and black productions of the time, yet no director before Micheaux had so much as dared to shine a light on the psychology that ravages such characters. By essentially bowing to the two white men, Micheaux implied that Old Ned was less than a man; an individual whittled down to nothing more than yes-man and wholly deprived of self-worth. At this point in the history of black films, with some of the most flagrant sufferings of blacks exposed to the American public, the only logical path forward that African-Americans could take was to begin making cogent demands to improve their collective social situation.
Slowly, black characters in film took on greater and more significant roles in film. Sidney Poitier was one of the most powerful film stars of the mid twentieth century. In roles like the 1950 film by director Joseph L.…...
mlaReference List
Finlayson, R. (2003). We Shall Overcome: The History of the American Civil Rights
Movement. Lerner Publications Company, Minneapolis, MN.
King, Jr., M. And Jackson, J. (1963). Why We Can't Wait. Signet Classic, New York,
NY.
lack Consciousness came about because many African-American individuals were dissatisfied with the treatment that they were receiving from Caucasian individuals and the organizations that were designed to protect them were really not doing enough to ensure the protection of African-American individuals. Various works have been created that deal with lack Consciousness in different ways. Much of it is being read in schools today so that all people can gain a better understanding of their own culture and other cultures. One of these works is "Amistad 1: Writings on lack History and Culture" by John Williams and Charles Harris. This particular work was written in 1970, but it still has much relevance today for black consciousness, and it deals with many different interpretations regarding Western culture. Also looked at in this work is the philosophical validity of African-Americans when they discuss their interpretations of…...
mlaBlack Consciousness helps with a realization of several things. The two most important of these are the awareness that being black actually involves a mental attitude, and stating that one is black works toward that individual's emancipation and freedom. Those that embrace black consciousness do not allow themselves to be oppressed or mistreated by others based on the color of their skin. There are various definitions of black consciousness, but one of the best and most comprehensive definitions is that black consciousness is when a black person realizes that there is a need to rally with other black individuals regarding what causes their oppression, which is the color of their skin, and to work together as a group so that they can rid themselves of what still holds them down and binds them into servitude. In other words, by trying to 'act white' they are insulting the Creator's intelligence in making them black. Instead of doing this, they should embrace who and what they are and try to ensure that they are treated fairly and equally with those of other skin colors and ethnicities. Black Consciousness came about because many African-American individuals were dissatisfied with the treatment that they were receiving from Caucasian individuals and the organizations that were designed to protect them were really not doing enough to ensure the protection of African-American individuals. Various works have been created that deal with Black Consciousness in different ways. Much of it is being read in schools today so that all people can gain a better understanding of their own culture and other cultures. One of these works is "Amistad 1: Writings on Black History and Culture" by John Williams and Charles Harris. This particular work was written in 1970, but it still has much relevance today for black consciousness, and it deals with many different interpretations regarding Western culture. Also looked at in this work is the philosophical validity of African-Americans when they discuss their interpretations of Black Consciousness.
It will use historical evidence to examine the role of the church is a spiritual entity. It will examine the role of the church as a political entity throughout changing political landscapes. It will explore the role of the church as a social service provider with regards to the importance of this role in helping black people to redeem themselves in light of historical cultural atrocities that they have faced.
esearch Questions
In order to examine that topics of interest un this research study the following research questions be addressed.
1. How has the black church served as redemptive force in helping the black people to heal?
2. What factors served as a redemptive force in helping the image of black people in the black church to improve?
3. How has a black church helped black communities to regain and maintain their self-sufficiency?
4. How has the black church served as a means to identify…...
mlaReferences
Primary Sources
Aaron. (1845), the Light and Truth of Slavery. Aaron's History: Electronic Edition. Retrieved June 19, 2010 from http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/aaron/aaron.html#p6
Adams, John Quincy. (1872). Narrative of the Life of John Quincy Adams. Retrieved June 19,
2010 from http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/adams/adams.html#adams6
The education reporters of the article cite complaints by students who charge that white teachers give up on them, do not take them seriously as students, and that they detect a difference in the attitude of the teacher towards them that they do not note in the teacher's approach or perception of white students. First, if we finding students making those complaints about teachers, there should be some immediate and serious evaluation of the teacher, and perhaps even training for social sensitivity that such a teacher might be lacking.
In conclusion, it is evidenced by a review of the information in table 4.3, it quickly becomes clear that there is a move afoot to - according to the table - to cause social welfare agencies and the government to be more proactive in addressing the needs of minority students. This may be a good idea, and certainly a necessary move if…...
It would be agreeable that the growth of multicultural focus is something that has remained a long journey towards our present understanding of the topic. The path towards our contemporary multiculturalism remains a distinct area of psychology that developed some years ago. The historical development shows clearly that there have been different individuals and thinkers who have focused on the ethnic associations and issues related to human interactions (Cauce, 2011).
Throughout the years in history, it would be clearly agreeable that different historical periods have constantly played a unique role in establishing different thoughts, ideas, and concepts that have defined our societies. For instance, there are stances of activism and even racism that have been playing a unique towards the development and establishment our present ideas on human psychology and multiculturalism (Franklin, 2009, p. 420). Different societal establishments and communities have over the years been critical towards establishing the best…...
mlaReferences
Adams, J.Q. & Welsch, J.R. (2009). Multiculturalism: The Manifest Destiny of the U.S.A.: An
Interview With Ronald Takaki. Multicultural Perspectives, 11(4), 227 -- 231
American Psychological Association (2012). Crossroads: The Psychology of Immigration in
The New Century. American Psychological Association: 1-18
History African Diaspora (Subject)- Fredrick Douglass Ambassor Hatti. (Objectives )-Two primary sources Two secondary sources, Outline, Structure, Thesis, Arugument, Motives, Primaries a Tittle.
Frederick Douglass and the African Diaspora
Africa is presently perceived as a land of origin by millions of people from around the world, as numerous Africans have either willingly or unwillingly left their homes throughout time. Although the term African Diaspora generally refers to a series of Africans who left their home continent from antiquity and until the present day, it is widely used to relate to Africans who descend from individuals who were forcefully brought to the American continent during the Atlantic slave trade. In spite of the fact that they were persecuted and forced to work as slaves in the Americas, some Africans actually rose against their oppressors and are presently remembered as some of the most reputable individuals in all of history.
Africans have dispersed around the…...
mlaWorks cited:
Gomez, William Angelo, Reversing Sail: A History Of The African Diaspora, (Cambridge University Press, 2005)
McFeely, William S. Frederick Douglass (New York W.W. Norton, 1991)
"Lecture on Haiti," Retrieved March 3, 2012, from the Webster University Website: http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti/history/1844-1915/douglass.htm
The Liberator, 27 March 1846; Reprinted in Philip Foner, ed., Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass, vol. 1 (New York: International Publishers, 1950), p. 138.
Notwithstanding its roots in African dance, in actuality, it was a fighting style designed by African slaves as a means of protecting themselves from government agents searching for them after their escape from enslavement. Likewise, Levine focuses heavily on the connection between the slave culture that was evident in the American South, while much of it may actually have been shaped by the need to conceal it from white society.
The mere fact that Christianity, and more specifically, Southern Baptism, became the predominant religion of the millions of descendants of the Africans enslaved in America would seem to provide the most support for Rock's position. It is difficult to know how many of the slaves who eventually (and ironically) adopted the very religious traditions of those who enslaved them and held them captive for generations. Certainly, there are elements of contemporary black religious culture that can be traced back to…...
.. The history of miscegenation in this country...demonstrate[s] how society has used skin color to demarcate lines between racial groups and to determine the relative position and treatment of individuals within racial categories. (Jones, 2000, p. 1487)
Prior to the civil war lighter skinned blacks were more likely to gain their freedom, and own property, through favor or inheritance. This is probably in part to the public, sometimes even official, recognition of their lineage, often they were the product of their white masters and favored slaves.
The large number of mulattoes among the slaves freed in Missouri suggests the master's benevolence was a genuinely warm feeling he had for persons he knew to be his blood relations. By 1860, the presence of 1,662 mulattoes in the total free Negro group of 3,572 in Missouri, indicates considerable race-mixing. (Official Manual State of Missouri, 1973-1974 "The ole of the Negro in Missouri History: Free…...
mlaReferences
However, they "were too few in number to provide adequate protection and were not always themselves fully committed to ensuring justice for freed blacks" (Cary Royce 67). The American public wanted reform to happen but few people were actually willing to risk their position in society by supporting black people. As a consequence, former slaves were provided with little support and were practically forced to maintain many of their attributes as slaves despite the fact that they were free.
orks cited:
Berlin, Ira, et al. "The Terrain of Freedom: The Struggle over the Meaning of Free Labor in the U.S. South." History orkshop Journal 22 (1986)
Cary Royce, Edward, the origins of southern sharecropping, (Temple University Press, 1993)
Fast, Howard, Freedom Road (Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe, 1995)
An Interdisciplinary Bibliography, 1865-1980 an Interdisciplinary Bibliography, 1865-1980, vol. 1 (estport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1982)
Lanza, Michael, L. Agrarianism and Reconstruction Politics: The Southern Homestead Act, (LSU Press,…...
mlaWorks cited:
Berlin, Ira, et al. "The Terrain of Freedom: The Struggle over the Meaning of Free Labor in the U.S. South." History Workshop Journal 22 (1986)
Cary Royce, Edward, the origins of southern sharecropping, (Temple University Press, 1993)
Fast, Howard, Freedom Road (Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe, 1995)
An Interdisciplinary Bibliography, 1865-1980 an Interdisciplinary Bibliography, 1865-1980, vol. 1 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1982)
At this time, African-Americans were not allowed to enroll in this institution Autherine only stayed for three days not because she could not cope with the education, but because her life was in danger. Majority of the white students protested because of her presence. There is also the George allace incident that has also been mentioned bringing the University of Alabama into the limelight.
The university is also well-known for its prowess in football which was initiated in 1892 in the institution. Football in the University of Alabama is on a professional level ranked next to clubs in the league (Brad, 3). Many students receive football scholarships thus providing career opportunities to the students not only through education.
Conclusion
Alabama has been at the centre stage of civil rights activities involving fight against segregation, and providing inspirational individuals who will forever be celebrated like Reverend Martin Luther King and Rosa parks. Also…...
mlaWorks cited
Alabama . Infoplease. 2005. 18 Oct. 2010.
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108176.html
Brad, Jason. Alabama Is No. 1 in Preseason Poll. New York Times
Oct. 18, 2010: 3
Blackness was not an unremittingly negative quality, as it would be seen later on, but the associations of blackness and other stereotypes that would be attached to 'Negroes' began fairly early.
The development of colonies based upon cash crops, including those in the Southern United States, necessitated a large enslaved labor force, larger than whites could provide. As the economic need for slave labor increased, so did negatively expressed views of Africans and blackness in general. Indentured servitude of whites grew more controversial, thus replacing then with Africans who were justified as being 'natural' slaves became an accepted solution. Even Thomas Jefferson would eventually see 'Negros' as existing at the end of a chain of being, the beginning phase of a kind of evolutionary 'erasure' of color, and erasure of the 'mark of Cain' of blackness, as Christian missionaries used to think the Africans possessed.
Jordan believes if there had not…...
Harriet Tubman has always been a great choice for an essay topic because her life story is dynamic, interesting, and incredibly inspiring. Born into slavery, Tubman not only escaped, but also risked her own freedom returning to the South in order to help others escape from slavery using the Underground Railroad. She deserves respect as one of the country’s leading freedom fighters, but it took decades for her story to be fully told. A full-length movie describing her life was only released in 2020 and while most people recognize her as a....
The educational philosophies of Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Carter G. Woodson all aimed to uplift African Americans through education, but each man had a unique approach. This essay will compare and contrast the effectiveness of their educational philosophies in promoting social and economic advancement for African Americans. Booker T. Washington believed in vocational education and economic self-sufficiency for African Americans. His philosophy emphasized practical skills and training for jobs that were in demand, such as agriculture and trades. Washington's Tuskegee Institute in Alabama was a model for his educational philosophy, teaching students skills that would enable them to....
I. Introduction
II. Education Programs on Black American Origin Stories
I. Introduction
II. Educational Program Outlines
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