Bioethics:
Fetal tissue research and transplantation in the scientific research community has grown to attract huge debate and controversies since the late 1980s when doctors began to conclude that the bodies of unborn babies could be used in tackling certain diseases. This aspect continued to develop as scientists proposed that fetal tissue can also be used in helping infertile couples to have children. This is largely because these tissues can be used to develop means of contraception and ultimately used for bone marrow transplants. Actually, fetal tissue is currently used for bone marrow transplants for adult transplant donors. However, many medical ethicists and doctors argue that such scientific procedures cannot be effective as stated by its proponents. In the recent years, there have been various calls for the use of the eggs of aborted fetuses to assist infertile couples to have babies.

Use of the Eggs of Aborted Fetuses in Helping Infertile…...

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Works Cited:

"Aborted Fetuses Could Ease Egg Shortage." Children of God for Life. Children of God for Life, 14 July 2011. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

Bailey, Ronald. "Uncommon Morality: Can Bioethics Bring Us All Together?" NewsMax.com: America's News Page - News Archives. NewsMax.Com, 11 Apr. 2002. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

Bunnell, David. "Fetal Tissue Research What Good Is Fetal Research for Science?" Pennsylvania Pro-Life Federation. Pennsylvania Pro-Life Federation. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

"UK 'will Never Use Aborted Babies' Eggs'" Mail Online. Associated Newspapers Ltd. Web. 20 Nov. 2011. .

ioethics: Transplant Case Study thorough examination of any "real life" ethical question involves the examination of all of the issues at hand. It is no different for issues of problematic bioethics. Thus, in consideration of the famous "botched heart transplant story," one must ask the salient questions, "what went wrong," "what should have been done," and "what can one do to insure that this issue will be less likely to occur in the future."
In the unfortunate case of the deceased 16-year-old female, the operating physicians failed to ensure that the patient's blood type matched that of the organ donor. Although it is possible for some organ transplants to utilize non-matching organs as a time-buying device until a match becomes available, this event was neither intentional, nor viable in the case of heart/lung transplant requirements. Although there was clearly an error, as well as a lapse in communication between the state…...

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Bibliography

DeLong, James V. (1998), Organ grinders - laws on procurement and distribution of human organs. Reason. Nov. 1998. Retrieved on August 7, 2004, at  http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1568/is_n6_v30/ai_21231186 

Duke University. (2004). UNOS and DUH Safeguards for Organ Transplant Safety. Duke Medical News. Retrieved on August 7, 2004, at http://dukemednews.org/filebank/2003/06/28/UNOS%20and%20DUH%20Safeguards%20for%20Organ%20Transplant%20Safety.doc

IHI. Institute for Health Research. (2004). Spreading the Gift of Life: Organ Donation Breakthrough. IHI. Web site. Retrieved on August 7, 2004, at  http://www.ihi.org/IHI/Topics/Improvement/SpreadingChanges/Literature/SpreadingtheGiftofLifeOrganDonationBreakthroughCollaborative.htm 

Keen, Lisa. (2001). HEALTH: News Analysis: People with HIV reaching top of transplant lists Anti-viral drugs may trigger liver problems, but are also making organ receipt available. Washington Blade - September 28, 2001. Retrieved on August 7, 2004, at  http://www.aegis.com/news/wb/2001/WB010904.html .

religioustolerance.org/euthanas.htm
Stem cell research is a new field, one that was not yet envisioned by the apostles or other authors of the Bible. As a revolutionary form of healing, stem cell research and practice may not be entirely in conflict with scripture. Jesus was the ultimate healer, and therefore stem cell research can be viewed as an extension of this gift from God. Moreover, Luke himself was a physician who would have understood the impetus to heal the sick ("What should a Christian's view be on stem cell research?").

However, not all stem cell research is harmless or righteous in the eyes of God. Just as Jesus would never have killed one man to save the life of another, neither would any Christian physician utilize embryonic stem cells for healing disease. The Bible clearly states that two wrongs do not make a right: "Why not say...'Let us do evil that good may…...

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References

Barnes, P. (2005). Stem Cell research. John Mark Ministries. Retrieved June 23, 2010 from  http://jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/14511.htm 

Purdom, G. (2007). Stem Cells. Retrieved June 23, 2010 from  http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v2/n1/stem-cells 

Thompson, C. (2005). "How to Farm Stem Cells Without Losing Your Soul." Wired. Retrieved June 23, 2010 from  http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.06/stemcells.html 

"What should a Christian's view be on stem cell research?" Retrieved June 23, 2010 from  http://www.gotquestions.org/Christian-stem-cell-research.html

Indeed, by an active participation of the patient, we also tacitly understand that the patient is also fully informed about the course of the medical treatment, about his condition and even about the way scientific research affects his or her illness.
On the other hand, this model has several important setbacks. First of all, it is a matter of time and usually a physician is involved with more than one patient. The deliberative model, because of its customization and patient involvement, would require a physician to be ready to give up as much time as possible for one single patient, in order to best inform him, but also to ensure that all matters of interest to the patient are discussed and referred to. A physician would almost never have this much time for one single patient.

Second, the additional time required with such a model obviously requires additional costs as well,…...

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Bibliography

1. Mary Elizabeth; O'Brien, Thomas Gordon; W. Sterling Edwards. Making the patient your partner. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1995

Mary Elizabeth; O'Brien, Thomas Gordon; W. Sterling Edwards. Making the patient your partner. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1995

Bioethics -- Assisted Suicide
THEE-STEP MODEL-BASED ETHICAL ANALYSIS OF ASSISTED SUICIDE

Introduction

Assisted suicide, or euthanasia, is a controversial topic because it contradicts one of the most fundamental values of American and other Judeo-Christian teaching: namely, that human life is sacred. Similarly, in medicine, euthanasia violates the Hippocratic Oath, according to which the first ethical obligation of doctors is to do no harm. However, in modern society, that traditional prohibition against assisting others end their lives has increasingly been challenged, most notably, in connection with the highly-publicized efforts of the late physician Jack Kevorkian who willingly served a prison sentence for violating the criminal statutes prohibiting assisted suicide in Michigan. In addition to legal issue, the concept of euthanasia also raises important issues in relation to balancing various other ethical concerns and it challenges the deeply-held beliefs and personal reactions of many people. The Three-Step Ethical Model provides an analytical approach that addresses…...

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References

Beauchamp, T.L. And Childress, J.F. (2009). Principles of Biomedical Ethics, (6th

Edition). New York: Oxford University Press.

Dershowitz, A.M. (2002). Shouting Fire: Civil Liberties in a Turbulent Age. New York:

Touchstone.

If the lungs are forced to keep breathing, such people can continue to digest food, excrete waste, and even bear children" (Cline 2013). In the case of total brain death, "the cessation of functioning in those parts of the brain responsible for consciousness and higher reasoning powers is necessary for the death of the 'person' aspect of the brain and body" has occurred (Cline 2013).
Q4. Belmont report principles

The 1979 Belmont report was intended to define "the boundaries between biomedical and behavioral research and the accepted and routine practice of medicine;" risk-benefit criteria in research involving humans and appropriate guidelines for research involving human beings and "the nature and definition of informed consent in various research settings" (Belmont, 1979, HHS).

Q5. Present, explain and evaluate at least one argument in favor of thinking that many abortions are not morally wrong.

No human being should be forced to harbor another human being against…...

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References

Abortion. (2013). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved:

 http://www.iep.utm.edu/abortion/ 

Belmont Report. (1979). HHS. Retrieved:

 http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/guidance/belmont.html

It is exactly this mitigation for which bio and medical ethics have their prime purpose and directive.
Certainly, the genie is out of the bottle. However, the technology can be tamed if the moral issues can be properly defined, discussed and professional enforcement mechanisms can be instituted, enforced and made to last. hile the pursuit of science and research can be exciting, the professionals can lose their morality in the pursuit and they need to be reminded of right and wrong along the way. Further, they need to know that there will be proper punishment for violating the professional norms. In addition, medicine needs to reclaim some of its patina as a calling or vocation and not just simply a job. In this way, many moral red lines that would otherwise be crossed will be more likely to be respected.

In this short paper, the author dealt with the issues of…...

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Works Cited

Medicine and the holocaust. (n.d.). Retrieved from  http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/projects/medicine/Introd 

Patient's bill of rights. (2010). Retrieved from  http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/FindingandPayingforTreatment/UnderstandingFinancialandLegalMatters/patients-bill-of-rights 

Physicians' experiences with end-of-life decision-making: survey in 6 european countries and australia. (2010). Retrieved from  http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/6/4 

Principles of bioethics. (2008, April 11). Retrieved from  http://depts.washington.edu/bioethx/tools/princpl.html

It is also possible that Jane could ask for psychological assistance for the Patient in order to ensure greater chance for compliance.
What are Jane Martin's responsibilities with regard to respecting Mr. Tate's autonomy and right to self-determination?

The State of Nevada both acknowledges and supports a sane, adult Patient's right to self-determination as long as that is not harming others. That does not mean, though, that Jane should ignore the symptoms and concerns she has, it only means that the State has no right to force treatment on an individual should they refuse such treatment. If Jane can professionally ascertain, to the best of her abilities and scope of responsibilities, that Patient is a danger to himself because of non-adherence to instructions, she has every right, and indeed responsibility, to move up the appropriate chain of command to allow Patient options for different levels of compliance. Ultimately, in this situation,…...

Psychology - Counseling
"the Pastor and Bioethics"

Ethics in health care often presents difficulty for pastors. Common professional struggles are experienced by pastoral and health professionals. There are four specific medical issues that often result in issues for pastors. These include: physician-assisted death or euthanasia, complementary or alternative treatments, the exercise of consent to medical procedures by patients or parishioners and families, and the crucial need for the donation of vital organs to save lives. Entrenched within all four of these issues, there is an important religious concern which necessitates the pastor's capability (Hanford, 2006).

Most transplantable organs come from people who have been killed in accidents that result in brain death but leave vital organs undamaged. Physicians are justifiably hesitant to approach family members at the worst moment of their lives to ask them to donate a loved one's organs. Therefore, many hospitals are turning to ministers, priests, rabbis and social workers…...

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References

Hanford, J. (2006). The pastor and bioethics. Pastoral Psychology, 55(2), 175-182.

doi:10.1007/s11089-006-0044-z

Moran, M. (n.d.). Acting Out Faith through Organ Donation. Retrieved from http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=1042

Pastoral Letter on Organ Donation & Transplantation. (2012). Retrieved from  http://www.epc.org/about-the-epc/pastoral-letters/organ-donation-transplantation/

It means that the business elements are not neutral tools that merely enhance efficiency without impinging on medical science itself; rather, the science, the practice, and the business of medicine are intertwined at the most fundamental level. What exactly are these elements, and where did they come from?
Order new kind of enterprise boomed in the American economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, creating organizational changes that some would call a second industrial revolution. This new enterprise changed the workplace, the nature of work, and its products. Its productive features included concentration in large plants, labor specialization, process standardization, monopoly of technology, and professional management. Extending the division of labor of Adam Smith's pin factory, Frederick Winslow Taylor further subdivided and managed labor processes, publishing The Principles of Scientific Management in 1911. Incorporating such a labor division, managers designed production processes to achieve the most efficient and…...

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References

Battistella, Roger M., "Hospital Receptivity to Market Competition: Image and Reality," Health Care Management Review 10, no. 3 (1985): 19-26

Califano, Joseph A., "The Health-Care Chaos," New York Times Magazine, March 20, 1988, 44, 46, 56-58.

Eisenberg, John M., and Kabcenell, Andrea., "Organized Practice and the Quality of Medical Care," Inquiry 25, no. 1 (1988): 78-89.

Light, Donald W., "The Restructuring of the American Health Care System," in Litman and Robins, Health Politics and Policy, 46-63.

Ackerman, Terrence. "Why Doctors Should Intervene." Hastings Center Report. August 1982.
Terrence F. Ackerman's article "Why Doctors Should Intervene?" asks the central question not only when doctors should intervene in patient decision making, but also what is the appropriate relationship between a physician and his or her patient? Is the physician simply the provider of medical assistance? Or is there a parental role that the doctor must occasionally take on, when he or she believes the patient's needs are not being met because of a lack of patient information or understanding of the patient's medical condition? When should doctors intervene under such circumstances, Ackerman asks, as well as stating why intervention is occasionally necessary as well as feasible for physicians.

In his article, Ackerman suggests that case of physician potentially having to treat a patient, without the patient fully understanding his or her medical circumstances, can occur under numerous circumstances. These circumstances…...

Bioethics has been dominated by a European model, with European worldviews and philosophies dominating the discourse. This is true in academia as well as in public policy.
The need for global bioethics discourse is pressing, because the life sciences are no longer regional or provincial in scope.

For example, there has been a lot of speculation as to the progress made in East Asian cloning laboratories, particularly in China and South Korea.

Claims that scientists have successfully cloned human beings are unsubstantiated.

However, the speculation does give rise to an important need to discuss bioethics from an East Asian perspective, using East Asian ethical frameworks like Confucianism.

Recent Progress

In 2006, the International Association for Bioethics' (IAB) held its world congress in Beijing, a sure sign that the global bioethics community is becoming less Euro-centric in its approach.

Bioethics is starting to integrate non-European ethical and philosophical traditions.

It is of the utmost importance to refrain from the…...

Executive summary
Contemporary Biotechnology has produced considerable contribution to the global farming and health sector. Advancement of several medicines, numerous pharmaceuticals, vaccines making use of recombinant DNA technology has made biotechnology a multibillion dollar global industry. Additionally, PCR centered diagnostics has additionally materialized as a crucial element of the health industry. Because vast majority of the Islamic nations have their economies centered on farming, biotechnology has therefore enormous potential to improve efficiency. The need of meals in Islamic nations over the last 2 decades is predicted to improve by nearly half. That boost is going to have to come via changes in agricultural efficiency in marginal, fertile, salt affected as well as rainfed areas. There will probably be much less workforce, arable land and water offered to the agriculture sector. This particular scenario is actually a consequence of reduced rural populace, poor management of water reserves and supplies, environmental degradation along…...

Bioethics
Ethical Evaluation of Dr. Pou

Ethical Evaluation of Mrs. Everett's Claims

Gert's two-step process Evaluation of Dr. Pou

Nursing Ethics in Emergency

Ethical Evaluation of Dr. Pou

From the contents of the article and the actions and the explanations given by Dr. Pou, it is clearly evident that the Kantian theory of ethics was followed by the doctor while she euthanized the seriously ill patients.

The Kantian theory of ethics was propounded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant which states that the will or intention behind an action is the sole judge of the morality of the action and morality is not influenced by the outcome or the results. The theory essentially emphasis the principles that are followed behind actions and influence the actions and not the end result of the actions. The universal principles that treat everyone equally is the motivating factor for acting according to this theory. Animal instincts are overcome when one is motivated…...

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References

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, Clifford J Green, Reinhard Krauss, Charles C West, and Douglas W Stott. Ethics. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005.

Boylan, Michael. Basic Ethics. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2000.

Everson, Stephen. Ethics. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Hallgarth, Matthew W. Bernard Gert's Theory Of Moral Rules And American Professional Military Ethics, 2003.

Medical ethics and rules like the Hippocratic oath are fairly clear-cut when applying them to real-world solutions and situations. However, there are some situations where the "right answer" can be elusive and people will sometimes go against their own self-interest. Such seems to be the case with Mr. Simpson. He has weak lungs and his doctors and family morbidly fear that if/when he gets the flu again, it will literally kill him. However, even with this being the case, Mr. Simpson refuses to get the flu show under the auspices that he could end up getting the flu as a direct result of the shot despite assurances that this will not happen. Of course, this can absolutely happen in real life but that argument is not a factor in this case study as it is assumed he cannot possibly contract the virus. While Mr. Simpson is obviously not making the…...

According to the University of Washington School of Medicine, the obligation for confidentiality is not an absolute one. There are legal regulations that limit a patient's right to privacy, as well as regulations that protect that right. The two main exceptions where you could break confidentiality are: (1) Concern for a specific, identified person other than the patient (this could be a spouse or child, or it could be a person unrelated to the patient in any way). (2) Concern for the welfare of the general public (this is usually seen if the patient is found to have a highly infectious or....

1. The Ethics of Human Cloning: A Controversial Debate

2. The Science and Technology Behind Human Cloning

3. The Potential Benefits and Dangers of Human Cloning

4. Examining the Legal and Moral Implications of Human Cloning

5. The Role of Religion in Shaping Views on Human Cloning

6. A Comparative Analysis of Human Cloning Policies Around the World

7. The Future of Human Cloning: Possibilities and Pitfalls

8. Human Cloning and Genetic Engineering: Where Do We Draw the Line?

9. The Psychological and Social Impact of Human Cloning on Society

10. Human Cloning: A Tool for Advancing Medical Research or a Slippery Slope towards Eugenics?
11. Ethical Considerations in Human....

Title 1: The Ethical Labyrinth of Human Cloning: A Philosophical Exploration of Moral Dilemmas

Title 2: Unraveling the Scientific and Ethical Implications of Human Cloning: A Comprehensive Analysis

Title 3: Human Cloning: Exploring the Boundaries of Bioethics and the Human Experience

Title 4: The Promise and Perils of Human Cloning: Navigating the Uncharted Territory of Scientific Advancement

Title 5: Cloning: Unlocking the Pandora's Box of Human Genetics and the Potential for Human Enhancement

Title 6: The Future of Humanity in the Shadow of Human Cloning: Ethical, Social, and Philosophical Perspectives

Title 7: The Cloning Controversy: A Debate Between Innovation and the Preservation of Human Dignity

Title 8:....

Upholding Ethical Standards in the Treatment of AIDS Patients
Healthcare professionals play a crucial role in upholding ethical standards in the treatment of AIDS patients. By adhering to ethical guidelines, healthcare professionals can provide comprehensive and compassionate care, protect patient rights, and promote the well-being of both patients and the community.
Confidentiality and Privacy:
Maintaining patient confidentiality is paramount. Healthcare professionals must respect the privacy of patients by not disclosing any sensitive information without their consent, except as required by law. This includes protecting electronic health records, test results, and communications with patients.
Non-Discrimination:
Healthcare professionals must treat all patients with dignity and respect, regardless....