Behavioral therapy has its roots in basic behaviorism, the principle that human behavior can be modified through systematic training or interventions. Since B.F. Skinner first laid the foundations for behaviorism through experimentation, the methods used in behavioral therapy have changed dramatically. Behavioral therapy, or behavior therapy, is not one but a variety of approaches that psychological counselors use to help clients change their behaviors. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017) advocates the use of behavior therapy as an “effective treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),” (p. 1).
Behavior therapies are designed not just to change target behaviors but also to change the ways people feel about themselves and the world, which is why behavior therapy can improve self-esteem (Herkov, 2016). Some of the most common approaches to behavioral therapy fall under the rubric of cognitive-behavioral therapy, which is used in a variety of clinical settings. In fact, Craske (2010)…...

Problem Solving: There are times when the patient can find himself in a situation, which may present problems for the recovering alcoholic. For this reason, these patients are taught a series of techniques to determine the correct solution of a given problem. The training involves a number of simulated scenarios and the patient is made to come up with moral solution to resolve the situation. This may involve the patient analyzing the situation, suggesting a way out of the situation and weighing the odds. This training helps the patients to be well equipped to come up with possible solution when the need arises.

Coping Skills Training: It is hard to undermine the value of relieving a person's psychological dependence. As stated earlier, alcohol and drug abusers are attracted to them as they find relief from them. The reason for this is the psychological acceptance that such things bring happiness and comfort…...

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Reference:

ROOM, R.; BABOR, T.; and REHM, J. (2005) Alcohol and public health. Lancet 365(9458):519-530. PMID: 15705462

MOKDAD, a.H.; MARKS, J.S.; STROUP, D.F.; and GERBERDING, J.L. (2005) Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association 291(10):1238-1245, 2004. Erratum in: JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association 293(3):298, 2005. PMID: 15010446

MILLER, W.R.; ZWEBEN, a.; DICLEMENTE, C.C.; and RYCHTARIK, R.G. (1995) Motivational Enhancement Therapy Manual: A Clinical Research Guide for Therapiests Treating Individuals with Alcohol Abuse and Dependence. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Project MATCH Monograph Series, Volume 2. NIH Pub. No. 94-3723. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

Miller, W.R., & Pechacek, T.F. (1987). New roads: Assessing and treating psychological dependence. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 4, 73-77.

The therapist encourages openness and honesty on the part of the patient. This parent-like role gives the therapist the power to influence the patient positively, and to interpret his self-defeating behavior and distorted beliefs about reality. The patient must be able and willing to profit from it. Since offenders are assumed to suffer from denial, lack of motivation to change, and unwillingness to cooperate with voluntary treatment, individual psychotherapy is generally thought to be ineffective. Suspicion and lack of rapport in the criminal justice context also interfere with effective use of the method. There are few reports on individual psychotherapy with sex offenders against children.
Group psychotherapy gives members the opportunity to share experiences, gain insight, learn to control unacceptable impulses, and find acceptance. Although used more commonly than individual psychotherapy, the effectiveness is unknown. There have been no replicable, controlled studies. One review found that studies were based on…...

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Bibliography

Barbaree, H.E. (1991). Denial and minimization among sex offenders: Assessment and treatment outcome. Forum on Corrections Research, 3, 30-33.

Brake, S.C., & Shannon, D. (1997). Using pretreatment to increase admission in sex offenders.

Conte, J.R. (1985). Clinical dimensions of adult sexual abuse of children. Behavioral Sciences the Law, 3, 341-354.

Cowden, E.L. (1970). The relationship of defensiveness to responses on the Sex Inventory.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Combat Veterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Although not limited to veterans, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may be the single most significant mental health risk to veterans, particularly to those veterans that have seen combat. PTSD is an anxiety disorder, which occurs after a person has seen or experienced a traumatic event including, but not limited to: assault, domestic abuse, prison stay, rape, terrorism, war, or natural disaster (Vorvick et al., 2011). In fact, PTSD is unique among psychiatric diagnosis in that it "requires a specific type of event to occur from which the person affected does not recover" (esick et al., 2008). Veterans are at high risk of PTSD because they experience war, but they also experience many of the other traumatic events that can trigger PTSD in the course of the war. PTSD can have serious lifelong effects for veterans. It can impair their…...

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References

Byers, M.G., Allison, K.M., Wendel, C.S., & Lee, J.K. (2010). Pra-zosin vs. quetiapine for nighttime posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in veterans: An assessment of long-term comparative effectiveness and safety. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30, 225-229.

Chard, K., Schumm, J., Owens, G., & Cottingham, S. (2010). A comparison of OEF and OIF

veterans and Vietnam veterans receiving cognitive processing therapy. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23(1), 25-32.

Hassija, C.M., & Gray, M.J. (2010). Are cognitive techniques and interventions necessary? A

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Case Study
Introduction to Cognitive Behavioral and ational Emotive Behavior Therapy

In general, ational Emotive Behavior Therapy (EBT) is one form of the broader category of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Westbrook & Kirk, 2005). In principle, CBT provides a clinical psychotherapeutic approach that combines the most tested and proven aspects of Freudian psychotherapy or classic psychodynamic theory with behavior and cognitive therapy (Westbrook & Kirk, 2005). Under the CBT approach, psychodynamic concepts are applied to the types of clinical issues that clearly relate to psychodynamic roots and conflicts whereas behavioral and cognitive concepts are applied to help patients change the way that they perceive and process information and self-perceptions that play roles in their presenting problems. All forms of CBT emphasize retraining the patient to question fundamental assumptions and beliefs that are part of their underlying problems (Hoffman & Smits, 2008).

The EBT approach in particular is based on the fundamental…...

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References

Butler, A, C., Chapman, J.E., Formanc, E.M., and Beck, A.T. "The empirical status of cognitive-behavioraltherapy: A review of meta-analyses." Clinical Psychology

Review, Vol. 26, No. 1 (2006): 17 -- 31.

Hofmann, S.G. And Smits, J.A. "Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Vol. 69, No. 4 (2008): 621 -- 632.

Westbrook, D. And Kirk, J. "The clinical effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy:

Persons with generalized anxiety disorder often worry excessively about health, money, family, or work, and continually anticipate disaster." People with GD are accustomed to approaching life as "worriers," and the disorder can be difficult to treat. They often become highly, negatively emotionally aroused when mentally imagining future events; effective treatment must deal with these stress-inducing mental images. While the idea of "generalized anxiety" may sound like a mild problem, experts have concluded that the social, emotional, and financial costs to a patient can be severe. Michael Dugas and Naomi Koerner have identified four root psychological contributors to GD that can be effectively approached with cognitive-behavioral based therapies: intolerance of uncertainty, positive beliefs about worry, poor problem solving, and cognitive avoidance. (Dugas and Koerner)
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) refers to a condition in which individuals are highly susceptible to worry as a result of negative beliefs about uncertainty in life. These…...

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According to New York-Presbyterian's Mental Health Glossary (  generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is "a mental disorder that causes its sufferers chronic and exaggerated worry and tension that seem to have no substantial cause. Persons with generalized anxiety disorder often worry excessively about health, money, family, or work, and continually anticipate disaster." People with GAD are accustomed to approaching life as "worriers," and the disorder can be difficult to treat. They often become highly, negatively emotionally aroused when mentally imagining future events; effective treatment must deal with these stress-inducing mental images. While the idea of "generalized anxiety" may sound like a mild problem, experts have concluded that the social, emotional, and financial costs to a patient can be severe. Michael Dugas and Naomi Koerner have identified four root psychological contributors to GAD that can be effectively approached with cognitive-behavioral based therapies: intolerance of uncertainty, positive beliefs about worry, poor problem solving, and cognitive avoidance. (Dugas and Koerner)http://nyp.org/health/mentalhealth-glossary.html ),

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) refers to a condition in which individuals are highly susceptible to worry as a result of negative beliefs about uncertainty in life. These individuals have developed a belief system centered around the idea that uncertainty about any aspect of life is bad and should be avoided. Daily self-monitoring, an important component of CBT, shows a strong correlation between increased or decreased worry and increased or decreased IU. The development of IU is thought to be the result of information processing biases in these individuals; CBT is a promising treatment for people with information processing biases, since it attempts to target specific faulty thought patterns and replace them with more positive responses. (Dugas and Koerner)

In addition, individuals with GAD have a tendency to believe that worry is helpful and positive. As opposed to people who avoid worry or see it as destructive or a waste of energy, people with positive beliefs about worry view it as

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Assessment - Developing Intervention
Cognitive-behavioral therapy assessment developing intervention

This intervention addresses the case of Chaney Allen as a subject and incorporates group CBT as well as journaling. Allen's case would have been helped by community CBT because in addition to needing help on a personal level, she also needed community support -- both to help in combating her depression and addiction and in order to have emotional resources for raising her children. This Treatment Plan incorporates writing into CBT, in order to help participants process the characteristics of their addiction, change their perceptions and visualize positive choices.

Develop an assessment according to DSM-IV-TR diagnosis. In the analysis, discuss any automatic thoughts and core beliefs that Chaney Allen, possibly could have had.

Treatment Plan:

Initial assessment:

Session 1: Introduction to CBT

During this session, CBT would be explained and an overview of the following sessions would be given. Emphasis would be placed on empowering individuals…...

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Works Cited

A, R., McCann, M., Flammino, F., Shoptaw, S., Miotto, K., Reiber, C., et al. (2006). A comparison of contingency management and cognitive-behavioral approaches for stimulant-dependent individual. Addiction, 267-274.

Du, Y.-s., Jiang, W., & Vance, A. (2010). Longer term effect of randomized, controlled group cognitive behavioural therapy for Internet addiction in adolescent students in Shanghai. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 129-134.

Hawkins, M. (2011). CBT-based self-help in treating anxiety. Healthcare and Psychotherapy Journal, 24-27.

Litt, M.D., Kadden, R.M., & Kabela-Cormier, E. (2009). Individualized assessment and treatment program for alcohol dependence: results of an initial study to train coping skills. Addiction, 1837-1838.

By acknowledging the validity of his emotions, Jake would learn not to be afraid of them and learn that he could express anger and embrace conflict without losing close relationships. He could be intimate with other people and express anger without the anger leading to violence.
Q5: Cognitive behavioral therapy questions the client's false assumptions about himself and the world, such as Herb's feeling that his divorce was his fault. Herb is living in the past, and dwelling on things he cannot change. The behavioral therapist would focus on Herb's core assumptions: "why was the divorce your fault? Why would things be better if she returned?" Cognitive behavioral therapy's focus on the present would make it extremely useful for Herb's inability to move his life forward. It focuses on actions and setting goals for behavior, which is useful if a client is mired in too much self-examination.

Q6.1: There is a…...

Cognitive
Case Analysis: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Alcoholism is a disease that many individuals face, with many suffering in silence. There are a number of persons diagnosed with alcoholism who find it very difficult to accept their condition. Chaney Allen was one of those individuals. She vacillated between acceptance and denial and had become powerless to her addiction. Chaney found out first hand that withdrawal from alcohol abuse has very dire consequences that may cause death if not appropriately treated. Not only is physical treatment required for many alcoholics, mental health intervention to address the psychological and emotional issues related to the addiction must also be addressed if there is to be real sobriety.

Background of Diagnosis

Chaney Allen is an African-American woman who was born in a strict CME family; the only daughter of a minister. She was one of 6 living children, with 5 other pregnancies resulting in miscarriage. According to Ms. Allen,…...

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References

Alcoholics Anonymous, 2008. 2007 membership survey: A snapshot of AA member-

ship. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services.

Allen, C., & Mayfield, e. (1976). I'm Black and I'm Sober. Center City, MN:

Hazelden Press.

Behavioral TheoryQ1. Name and brief description of key figure (s)Behavioral therapy is primarily associated with the figures of Ivan Palov and B.F. Skinner. In contrast to psychoanalytic therapy, which focuses on the internal, interior life of the client, behavioral therapy is focused upon externally directed, observable behavior. Skinner attempted to transform the evolving discipline of psychology into a true, observable science which could be tested with controllable variables. Behavioral therapy primarily can be characterized by three dominant approaches. First is classical conditioning, which was pioneered by Pavlov and involved conditioning a natural response to an object that otherwise would not bring forth that behavior (i.e., salivating at the sound of a dinner bell). Secondly, Skinners operant condition involved using a system of rewards and punishments to encourage highly specific behaviors. Finally, cognitive behavioral therapy is commonly used today to address issues spanning from depression to eating disorders by identifying nonproductive…...

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REFERENCES

Stoll, J. & Brooks, J. (n.d). Behavioral therapy.

CBT represents a psychosocial strategy where psychotherapists instigate behavioral modification among clients, aiding them in tackling and altering the unreasonable views and theories potentially underlying maladaptive conduct. Such conduct is defined as socially intolerable or counterproductive conduct that stops people from properly adapting to ordinary circumstances. CBT’s chief aim is identification of maladaptive conduct and connected opinions, correction of these opinions, and their replacement by more apt views which will lead to better adaptive conduct and improved coping (Gatchel & Rollings, 2008).
In keeping with the psychiatric medical theory, CBT’s efficacy, on the whole, is governed by its ability to alleviate symptoms and the ailment in general, and improve functioning. For attaining the above objective, clients are engaged actively in a concerted process of issue resolution for testing and challenging maladaptive cognitions’ validity and amending maladaptive behavior trends (Hofmann et al. 2012)

In a nonclinical sense, how can CBT or behavior analysis…...

The primary difference between the two however, is gestalt therapy concentrates more on the ability of the individual to make proper choices regarding their care. This theory or approach to therapy reminds the client of the connection between mind, body and spirit. The behavior approach is less concerned with the paradigm of holistic health, and more concerned with a therapist-driven approach to identifying problems and selecting appropriate solutions.
In this sense, gestalt therapy seems like it is a more effective approach, because it encourages the individual to make judgments about their health and understand the connections existing between their behaviors and emotions. Because gestalt therapy is patient-driven more so than psychotherapist drive as behavior therapy, many believe patients are able to realize relief and successful outcomes more quickly, as well as retain greater self-esteem (James & Jongeward, 1996; Palmer, 1996). If a patient wants patient-centered care that provides effective relief,…...

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References:

Cleland, C., Foote, J. Kosanke, N., Mabura, S., Mahmood, D. & Rosenblum, a. (2005). Moderators of effects of motivational enhancements to cognitive behavioral therapy. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 31(1): 35.

Diemer, R.A., Hill, C.E., Lobell, L.K., & Vivino, B.L. (1996). Comparison of dream interpretation, event interpretation, and unstructured sessions in brief therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(1): 99.

Fine, M.A. & Schwebel, a.L. (1994). Understanding and helping families: A cognitive-behavioral approach. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.

James, M. & Jongeward, D. (1996). Born to win: Transactional analysis with gestalt experiments. Cambridge: Perseus Publishing.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or (CBT) is currently the popular method to provide therapy to the client with weight control maladies. CBT is ostensibly necessary to assist binge eaters and those whom suffer from tendencies to bulimic episodes. According to Brody (2007), "Most popular at the moment is cognitive-behavioral therapy, with or without medication. Since binge eaters have highly irregular eating habits, the behavioral aspect introduces structure to their eating behavior: regular meals, including breakfast, and an afternoon snack if needed." (Brody, 2007)

apoport, Clark, & Wardle further ascribe CBT as a comprehensive methodology to address the psychological, not neurological, deficiencies with regard to how the client addresses their weight problem. According to apoport, Clark & Wardle (2000), "Cognitive -- behavioural treatment (CBT) for obesity also focuses on weight loss, but incorporates psychological strategies to promote lifestyle change. ecent reviews show that CBT programmes achieve weight losses of between…...

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Reference

Brody, J.E. (2007, Feb 20). Out of control: A true story of binge eating. New York Times, pp. F.7-F.7. Retrieved from  http://search.proquest.com/docview/433509755?accountid=13044 

Marchesini, G., Natale, S., Chierici, S., Manini, R., Besteghi, L., Domizio, S.D., . . . . (2002). Effects of cognitive-behavioural therapy on health-related quality of life in obese subjects with and without binge eating disorder.International Journal of Obesity, 26(9), 1261-1261-1267. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802073

Mefferd, K., Nichols, J.F., Pakiz, B., & Rock, C.L. (2007). A cognitive behavioral therapy intervention to promote weight loss improves body composition and blood lipid profiles among overweight breast cancer survivors.Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 104(2), 145-145-52. doi:10.1007/s10549-006-9410-x

Rapoport, L., Clark, M., & Wardle, J. (2000). Evaluation of a modified cognitive-behavioural programme for weight management. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 24(12), 1726-1726-1737. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801465

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a more current theory than classical psychotherapy. This theory is based upon the reaction of the mind to external stimuli, and how this is internalized. The cognitive reaction to stimuli then manifests as behavior. When behavior becomes extreme or destructive, it is unacceptable, and therapy becomes necessary.

Therapy focuses upon finding the stimuli that originally caused the behavior. Much like client-centered therapy, the responsibility for healing lies with the client. The therapist's role is merely to guide the client towards the target behavior. One of the ways in which to do this is to provide the client with gradual behavior modification exercises until the target behavior is reached.

The role of the subconscious is based upon habit-forming cognitive activities. Perpetual external stimuli will for example form habits. Good habits can be formed by means of gradual cognitive-behavioral therapy.

My tendency is to prefer the cognitive-behavioral theory. The reason for this…...

unning Head: COGNITIVE BEHAVIOAL THEAPY4COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOAL THEAPYCognitive Behavioral TherapyName and a brief description of the crucial figure (Craske, 2010)Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is the deliberate mixture of confirmed readiness and methodological behavioral actions with a cognitive-behavioral process that affects adjustment. CBT utilizes the correct apprehension of the human mind to change responses and conducts decisively. The internal human views are viewed as a mechanism for modification. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is conceptualized as a collaborative investigation undertaken by the counselor and a client. CBT tactics regularly focus on noticing, examining, and altering defective beliefs, norms, and opinions as a treatment method having an ultimate goal of behavior change. CBT pursues to upgrade a persons emotional well-being.The initial methods of CBT included ational Emotive Behavior Therapy (EBT), which Albert Ellis established in the 1950s, and Cognitive Therapy, which Aaron T. Beck showed in the 1960s.CBT focuses on helping folks become conscious of when they…...

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ReferenceWaelder, R. (1960). The basic theory of psychoanalysis.

There are a number of different counseling theories that mental health professionals can use when working with a client.  The choice of counseling theory is often a question of personal preference for the practitioner; most counselors or therapists are trained in a particular approach and default to that approach for most clients.  However, individual client needs can also dictate the type of counseling approach that a therapist chooses.  Some approaches are not suitable for use with some clients, while some different theories and approaches have great track records with certain types of....

Topic 1: The Root Causes of the Opioid Epidemic

Examine the complex interplay of factors contributing to the opioid epidemic, including the role of prescription practices, socioeconomic inequality, and the influence of pharmaceutical companies.

Topic 2: The Socioeconomic Impact of the Opioid Epidemic

Analyze the devastating consequences of the opioid epidemic on communities, including increased crime rates, poverty, and the strain on social services.

Topic 3: The Role of Prescription Practices in Fueling the Epidemic

Investigate the role of doctors, pharmacists, and the healthcare system in the overprescription of opioids and its impact on the epidemic.

Topic 4: The Failure of Law Enforcement....

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment for trauma by helping individuals address and change their negative thoughts and emotions related to the traumatic event. CBT can help individuals process and make sense of their traumatic experiences in a safe and supportive environment.

Some ways in which CBT can help with trauma include:

1. Challenging negative beliefs: CBT helps individuals identify and challenge their negative beliefs about themselves, others, and the world that may have developed as a result of the trauma.

2. Learning coping skills: CBT teaches individuals coping skills to manage their symptoms of trauma, such as anxiety and....

Trauma is an emotional response to a distressing or disturbing event that overwhelms an individual's ability to cope. It can be caused by a single event, such as a car accident or a natural disaster, or by ongoing stressors, such as abuse or neglect.

Trauma can have a wide range of effects on a person's mental, emotional, and physical well-being. Symptoms of trauma may include flashbacks, nightmares, anxiety, depression, and difficulty concentrating. It can also impact a person's ability to form and maintain relationships, perform daily tasks, and function effectively in work or school.

Trauma can be treated through various therapeutic approaches,....