Evolution and Development of Behavioral Therapy
The 20th century approach to psychology is notable because, while there was an emphasis on the medical approach to treating psychological disorders, there was also a focus on nonphysiological therapies that began to gain some credence in the medical profession. While nonmedical interventions were generally dismissed, "at least some nonmedical practices were no longer widely regarded by either professionals or the general public as quackery. An important contributor to the increased acceptance and status of nonmedical therapies was their enhanced relationship with science" (O'Donohue & Krasner, Year). These nonmedical therapies gained greater and greater usage in the mental health arena, and eventually came to be regarded not only as complementary treatments to standard medical interventions, but as "necessary components in the treatment of problems such as depression, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, and many of the anxiety disorders"(O'Donohue & Krasner, Year). One of the areas…...

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References

Fishman, D. & Franks, C. (Year). The conceptual evolution of behavior therapy. In Book Title.

City: Publisher.

Glass, C. & Arnkoff, D. (Year). Behavior therapy. In Book Title. City: Publisher.

O'Donohue, W., & Krasner, L. (Year). Introduction. In Theories of behavior therapy:

feelings/Reactions ehavior Therapy
Every behavior in behavior therapy makes sense and they are to be believed to result from punishment and reinforcement patterns from the surroundings. The treatment itself does not focus on the base of the problem but on the changing the present factors of that particular behavior including tantrums, biased thinking and feared situations. ehavior therapy has full support of research as there are a lot of studies that support its effectiveness in the issues including addiction, schizophrenia, eating disorder, depression etc.(Wedding & Corsini, 2013).

Several studies demonstrate the different types of problems and people's reactions including depression, anxiety disorder, substance abuse etc. ehavior therapy uses different strategies that not only understands the core of the problem but also helps the individual to overcome it on their own strengths. Different behavior strategies have been found effective in the issue of anxiety disorder. A person under this problem experiences panic…...

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Bibliography

Wedding, D., & Corsini, R. (2013). Current Psychotherapies. Boston: Cengage Learning.

For them to survive crisis they are equipped with the skills to; self-soothing, thinking of the pros and cons, improving the moment and looking for destructive things to do. They can also exhibit acceptance skills by turning the mind to accept, radical acceptance and willingness vs. willfulness.
Individuals with under this therapy are taught how to regulate their emotions. This is because most of those suffering from this disorder are known to be angry, depressed, intensely frustrated and anxious among other behaviors. The steps taught towards emotional regulation include; identification and labeling of emotions, identification of obstacles to any change of emotion, reducing of vulnerability to having an emotional mind, by having more positive emotional events, giving the patient the ability to control the current emotions and wherever a negative one presents itself he/she can take the opposite action, and lastly, he/she can apply the distress tolerance techniques taught (Heard,…...

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References

Clarkin, J.F., Levy, K.N., Lenzenweger, M.F., & Kenberg, O.F. (2007). Evaluating Three Treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multiwave Study. The American Journal of Psychaiatry, 164(6).

Heard, M.A.S.H.L. (2009). Dialectical behaviour therapy: distinctive features: Routledge.

Westen, D. (2000). The efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Clinical Psychology. Science and Practice, 7(1), 92-94.

Willem H.J. Martens. (2012). Therapy on the borderline: effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder. Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association.

Demographics of the Client (Age, Culture, Ethnicity)
Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian.

Birthplace: Los Angeles, California, United States

Birthdate: June 4, 1975

Ethnicity:

• 25% German

• 25% Slovak

• 25% French-Canadian (approximately)

• 12.5% Polish

• 12.5% Dutch

• 1/1024 Huron Native Canadian

An Academy Award-winning American actress, Angelina Jolie, is also a filmmaker and a humanitarian. She is also known as Angelina Jolie Pitt. Her parents are John Voight (Jonathan Vincent Voight), also an Academy Award winner, and actress Marcheline Bertrand (Marcia Lynne Bertrand). His brother is James Haven, and her uncles are Chip Taylor, a songwriter, and Barry Voight, a volcanologist. She is married to Brad Pitt who is a well-known actor, too. Her father is half German and half Slovakian, while her mother is half French-Canadian, one quarter Polish and one quarter Dutch. According to Ethnic Celebs (2008), Angelina is also 1/16384 Swiss-French and 1/1024 Huron Native Canadian.

A Brief History/Background-Childhood, Family Dynamics,…...

Behavior therapy uses rewards or reinforcements to create positive behaviors in order to replace destructive behaviors. Desensitizing is an important part of this type of therapy, where the patient confronts something they have been unable to deal with, such as a fear or anxiety, and gradually learns to become desensitized to the problem, which eliminates the negative behavior (Editors, 2006).
Basically, both therapies give the patient ways to deal with problems in their lives. The basic different between the two therapies is how they address and handle these problems. Psychotherapy attempts to give the patient ideas and tools to help them master their problems and reactions to problems, while behavioral therapy attempts to fully eliminate unwanted behaviors by desensitizing and behavior modification.

eferences

Editors. (2006). Psychotherapy: An overview of the types of therapy. etrieved from the Mayo Clinic Web site: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/psychotherapy/MH0000912 March 2007.

Little, N. (2006). Techniques in psychotherapy. etrieved from the Anxiety-and-depression-solutions.com…...

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References

Editors. (2006). Psychotherapy: An overview of the types of therapy. Retrieved from the Mayo Clinic Web site:   March 2007.http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/psychotherapy/MH0000912 

Little, N. (2006). Techniques in psychotherapy. Retrieved from the Anxiety-and-depression-solutions.com Web site:   March 2007.http://www.anxiety-and-depression-solutions.com/articles/conventional/psychotherapy/psychotherapy_techniques.php12 

Cognitive Behavior Therapy- A Case Study
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) Case Study

Case report

K is a forty-eight-year female who referred to Midlothian's clinical psychology psychosis service. K has a twenty-year history of mental health conditions. She first decided to contact mental health services because of the episodes of paranoia and severe depression she had experienced. During her initial contact with the mental health services she was diagnosed with schizo-affective disorder in 1996. When she was first referred to the mental health services department she was a single. She told of having only two close relationships in her past life. She however also said that she found these relationships challenging when it came to intimate contact. She also generally described that she found it somewhat difficult to form friendships or to trust people in her life. Despite the mental health conditions her general physical well-being was good. K was prescribed with antipsychotic and…...

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References

Bladek, M. (2014). Against memory: Acts of remembering in Jamaica Kincaid's My Brother. Retrieved from  http://criticism.english.illinois.edu/2007%20Fall%20Documents/Affect%20Abstracts/Abstracts.htm 

DeJong, P. & . Berg I.K (1998): Interviewing for solutions. Thomson: Brooks/Cole.

Drisko, J. (2014). Research Evidence and Social Work Practice: The Place of Evidence-Based Practice. Clin Soc Work J. 42:123-133 DOI 10.1007/s10615-013-0459-9

Freud, S. (1924) A general introduction to psychoanalysis. New York: Boni & Liveright.

theory make it the most appropriate for the client in the case study?
Ana lost her job and fears that she would soon have to be homeless because there is no money to support herself. Moreover her husband has been deployed in the war zone and she has to raise their son alone which overwhelms her. She also worries about her husband all the time resulting in stress and anxiety. Ana, is a determined and strong-willed woman who refuses to seek help from her rich family. Her main stress is the lack of support which has resulted in her losing ten pounds and loss of sleep. The Rational Emotive ehavior Therapy theory (RET) is appropriate for the client because it comprises of four factors that helps in the therapy of clients. The four elements ascribed in the RET theory: a) rational, b) emotive, c) behavior and d) therapy cover all…...

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Bibliography

Bandura, A. (1974). Behaviour Theory and the Models of Man. American Psychologist, 859.

Banks, T. (2012). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy with Diverse Student Populations: Meeting the Mental Health Needs of All Students. Multicultural Learning and Teaching. Retrieved from Academia. Retrieved from: ttps://www.academia.edu/7361167/Rational_Emotive_Behavior_Therapy_with_Diverse_Student_Populations_Meeting_the_Mental_Health_Needs_of_All_Students

Dryden, W., & Branch, R. (2008). The Fundamentals of Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.

Dryden, W. (n.d.). What is Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT)?: Outlining the Approach by Considering the Four Elements of its Name. Goldsmiths University of London, 1-28. Retrieved from:  http://www.windydryden.com/cms/files/rebt_4_elements_article.pdf

CBT and EFTCBTCognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy that focuses on how thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors influence an individual\\\'s emotional and mental well-being. It is a goal-oriented approach that aims to help individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that can lead to psychological distress. ather than focus on subconscious desires or the unconscious self, CBT focuses on what can be known about a persons problematic thinking and acting: triggers that set one off on a path towards negativity and what to do to avoid them or counteract them.Many people contributed to the development of cognitive and behavioral therapy, but one of the primary contributors to this approach was Aaron T. Beck, who in the 1960s used it as a treatment for depression. Beck believed that negative thoughts and beliefs were the root cause of depression, and that by changing these thought patterns, individuals could improve…...

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ReferencesClark, D. A., & Beck, A. T. (2010). Cognitive theory and therapy of anxiety and depression: Convergence with neurobiological findings. Trends in cognitive sciences, 14(9), 418-424.Follette, V., Palm, K. M., & Pearson, A. N. (2006). Mindfulness and trauma: Implications for treatment. Journal of rational-emotive and cognitive-behavior therapy, 24, 45-61.Johnson, S. M., & Greenberg, L. S. (2013). Emotion in intimate relationships: Theory and implications for therapy. The Heart Of The Matter: Perspectives On Emotion In Marital: Perspectives On Emotion In Marital Therapy, 1.Makinen, J. A., & Johnson, S. M. (2006). Resolving attachment injuries in couples using emotionally focused therapy: Steps toward forgiveness and reconciliation. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 74(6), 1055.

The choice to do so and then controlling oneself, rather than being pushed and pulled by controls beyond oneself is as difficult and heart-wrenching as being controlled by others. Likewise, reconnecting to the world is difficult if the world is feared and seen as the source of pain. Counselors teach the patients to not think of the past but to act and do directly those things that would make it positive today, finding a new connection and making a new plan. (Glasser, 2001)
eferences

Behavioral Therapy, Psyweb.com. (2006). etrieved September 5, 2006 at http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/MdisordADV/AdvPsych.jsp

Burns, D. (1980). Feeling Good - the New Mood Therapy. New York: Signet

Burns, D. (1999). Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy (evised edition). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.

Glasser, W. (n.d.) Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom, Chatsworth, CA the William Glasser Institute.

Glasser, W. (2001.) the Institute for eality Therapy. etrieved September 18, 2006 at http://www.realitytherapy.org.uk/

ogha, eality…...

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References

Behavioral Therapy, Psyweb.com. (2006). Retrieved September 5, 2006 at  http://psyweb.com/Mdisord/MdisordADV/AdvPsych.jsp 

Burns, D. (1980). Feeling Good - the New Mood Therapy. New York: Signet

Burns, D. (1999). Feeling Good: The New Mood Therapy (Revised edition). New York: Harper Collins Publishers.

Glasser, W. (n.d.) Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom, Chatsworth, CA the William Glasser Institute.

Therapeutic communities are important and valuable tools, but certainly not for all patients. Often, the community is made up of a certain ward or unit of the hospital, rather than the entire facility. Clearly, some patients, such as those suffering from serious debilitating diseases such as dementia or severe schizophrenia might not be physically or mentally able to exist in such a facility. However, for others, who have specific issues or health problems, and are in the facility hoping for a cure, the community concept can help them become more sure of themselves, more able to function outside the facility, and give them confidence in their decision-making abilities.

Often this term describes those in a substance abuse facility, but it can relate to other disorders and treatment facilities as well. Some of these communities are all group based, while others combine individual counseling and therapy with group activities. The main idea…...

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References

Butler, Gillian, and Freda McManus. Psychology: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Smith, David L. Approaching Psychoanalysis: An Introductory Course. London: Karnac Books, 1999.

Dysfunctions and Their Therapies
Dysfunctions and emedies involved

Treatment and Control of Dysfunctions

The Thought Focused Treatment System

The thought focused treatment systems are those which narrow down to thought processes and systems of belief. The system believes in the child developing process being the cause of dysfunction. Social learning and modeling of ideas result to the personalities of an individual. The personalities result to experiences such as thoughts and feelings, critical learning, and the imitation of these behaviors. For instance, the child develops thoughts and behaviors from the parents. If the parents hide their feelings and never cry, the child grows knowing that crying is not the solution. The environment directly affects the child's thoughts. Therefore, if an individual's development is distorted in any manner, there is likely to be an experience of dysfunctional issues or poor health. An individual learns how to cope with stress and problems in life and imitates the…...

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References

Grohol, J.M. (2004, September 21). Types of Therapies: Theoretical Orientations and Practices of Therapists. Retrieved from  http://psychcentral.com/therapy.htm 

Grohol, J.M. (2011). 15 Common Cognitive Distortions. Retrieved from  http://psychcentral.com/lib/2009/15-common-cognitive-distortions/

The primary difference between the two however, is gestalt therapy concentrates more on the ability of the individual to make proper choices regarding their care. This theory or approach to therapy reminds the client of the connection between mind, body and spirit. The behavior approach is less concerned with the paradigm of holistic health, and more concerned with a therapist-driven approach to identifying problems and selecting appropriate solutions.
In this sense, gestalt therapy seems like it is a more effective approach, because it encourages the individual to make judgments about their health and understand the connections existing between their behaviors and emotions. Because gestalt therapy is patient-driven more so than psychotherapist drive as behavior therapy, many believe patients are able to realize relief and successful outcomes more quickly, as well as retain greater self-esteem (James & Jongeward, 1996; Palmer, 1996). If a patient wants patient-centered care that provides effective relief,…...

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References:

Cleland, C., Foote, J. Kosanke, N., Mabura, S., Mahmood, D. & Rosenblum, a. (2005). Moderators of effects of motivational enhancements to cognitive behavioral therapy. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 31(1): 35.

Diemer, R.A., Hill, C.E., Lobell, L.K., & Vivino, B.L. (1996). Comparison of dream interpretation, event interpretation, and unstructured sessions in brief therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(1): 99.

Fine, M.A. & Schwebel, a.L. (1994). Understanding and helping families: A cognitive-behavioral approach. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.

James, M. & Jongeward, D. (1996). Born to win: Transactional analysis with gestalt experiments. Cambridge: Perseus Publishing.

These three seminal perspectives may possess a lot of similarities, yet each of them has contributed novel ideas that are consistent with its theoretical underpinnings. In many of the substance abuse treatment arenas, the significant aspects of all these three approaches are blended to provide for a cognitive-behavioral model that gives the best result in terms of all the other therapies. (Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy)
Three theorists who have influenced the behaviorist theories are:

1. Watson J.B. - One of the originators of behaviorism and a proponent of the reductionist approach to the study of human behavior.

2. Skinner B.F. - He was the one most responsible for the spread of the behaviorist philosophy.

3. Wolpe, Joseph. The method of systematic desensitization to deal with fear was created by him. (Theories and Theorists)

eferences

Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy." NIDA. etrieved at http://www.addictionalternatives.com/philosophy/briefcbtherapy.htm. Accessed on February 15, 2005

Bush, Winston John. (December 22, 2003) "Learning theory: A fuller-fuller explanation…...

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References

Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy." NIDA. Retrieved at Accessed on February 15, 2005http://www.addictionalternatives.com/philosophy/briefcbtherapy.htm.

Bush, Winston John. (December 22, 2003) "Learning theory: A fuller-fuller explanation of CBT" Retrieved at Accessed on February 15, 2005http://www.cognitivetherapy.com/learning.html

Cognitive Therapy for Depression" Retrieved at   Accessed on February 15, 2005http://www.psychologyinfo.com/depression/cognitive.htm .

Grohol, John M. (July 21, 1995) "Theoretical Orientations and Practices of Therapists"

Kellogg & Young in Schema Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder offer a comprehensive explanation of the use of Schema Therapy for patients with BPD, by first explaining the disorder and how it is particularly prime for the use of schema therapy as the disorder itself and the behavior and emotions exhibited from it can be seen as an individual traversing through a short list of schemas and are reflective of the childhood origins of BPD. The modes of BPD are described by the authors as consisting of the angry and impulsive child mode, the detached protector mode, the punitive parent mode and lastly the healthy adult mode. According to the authors if these modes are lacking in integration and emotions cannot be traversed across each, or if the modes are significantly unbalanced they become schemas that override normal adult behavior. The particulars of Schema Therapy are then described after a…...

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References

Clarkin, J.F. Levy, K.N. Lenzenweger, M.F. Kernberg, O.F. (June 2007) Evaluating Three Treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multiwave Study Ameican Journal of Psychology 164:6, 922-928.

Clarkin, J.F. & Levy, K.N. (April 2003) a Psychodynamic Treatment for Severe Personality Disorders: Issues in Treatment Development Psychoanalytic Inquiry 23:2 248-268.

Kellogg, S.H. Young, J.E. (February 2006) Schema Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder Journal of Clinical Psychology 62:4 445-458.

Kimball, J.S., & Diddams, M. (2007). Affect Regulation as a Mediator of Attachment and Deliberate Self-Harm. Journal of College Counseling, 10(1), 44.

He realizes and wants the reader to realize that those roots have merit and modern day approaches simply that the field of mental health to the next step or next level of the industry, but he stresses the importance of action therapy not reflection therapy. Each step is a building block toward the eventual goal of having answers more quickly and more accurate than the past answers, however without Freud and those who came after him the new theories would not be possible.

he book is a refreshing approach and puts Glasser's reality therapy into play by acknowledging the others who have developed theories and giving them their dues before moving on to examine the next step which he believes is his approach.

Glasser's book is based on an individual's power to choose. hey can choose how they react to life, they can choose how they react to people and they can…...

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This book is written in a style that a mental health professional can read it and pick up the underlying meanings and ideas but a layman can also read it and gain valuable insight about how to change the way they have been approaching their life. It is an exciting how to for those who are ready to use their power to choose and get their lives on track toward success and happiness.

REFERENCE

Glasser, William (1989) Reality Therapy: A New Approach to Psychiatry Harper Paperbacks

Essay Topics on Veteran Rehabilitation

Introduction

Veteran rehabilitation plays a crucial role in empowering veterans to successfully transition from military service to civilian life. It encompasses a range of services that help veterans address physical, emotional, and cognitive challenges stemming from their service. Exploring topics related to veteran rehabilitation can provide valuable insights into the challenges veterans face and the interventions that can facilitate their well-being.

Physical Rehabilitation

The impact of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and other combat-related injuries on veterans' physical functioning and quality of life.
The effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in improving physical abilities and reducing pain in veterans with chronic....

Talk therapy, also known as psychotherapy, is a widely utilized intervention for addressing mental health concerns. It involves engaging in structured conversations with a trained mental health professional to explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that may be contributing to psychological distress. Talk therapy has proven to be an effective approach for various mental health conditions, offering numerous benefits to individuals seeking support.

How Talk Therapy Works

Talk therapy operates on the principle that by talking about and processing one's experiences and challenges in a safe and supportive environment, individuals can gain insights into the root causes of their distress. The therapist serves....

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) can help individuals challenge and change their irrational beliefs and negative thought patterns by guiding them through a process of identifying, questioning, and replacing these thoughts with more rational and positive beliefs. Some ways that REBT can help individuals in this process include:

1. Identifying irrational beliefs: REBT helps individuals become aware of their irrational beliefs by examining the thoughts and beliefs that underlie their negative emotions and behaviors. By pinpointing these beliefs, individuals can then begin to challenge and change them.

2. Questioning irrational beliefs: Once identified, REBT encourages individuals to question the validity and logic....

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (RET): Empowering Individuals to Transform Irrational Beliefs and Thought Patterns

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (RET), developed by Albert Ellis, is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that focuses on challenging and changing irrational beliefs and negative thought patterns. Its central premise is that our emotions and behaviors are largely influenced by our beliefs, and by identifying and disputing irrational beliefs, we can promote positive emotional well-being.

RET operates on the assumption that individuals possess irrational beliefs that contribute to emotional and behavioral problems. These beliefs are often rigid, inflexible, and illogical, and they lead to negative self-talk, distorted perceptions,....