(SEAL, Sec 3(g))
The following section tells us when electronic authentication may be used:

a) ELECTONIC AUTHENTICATION OF DOCUMENTS, INFOMATION, AND IDENTITY-

(1) IN GENEAL- A financial institution may use electronic authentication in the conduct of its business if it has entered into an agreement regarding the use of electronic authentication with any counterparty, or if it has established a banking, financial, or transactional system using electronic authentication. (SEAL, Section 6f)

The Bill was invaluable since e-commerce was in its initial stages and progressing and with the banks ready and willing to use the internet for similar purposes, directives had to be put into place to not only protect consumers but to also ensure that here was a homogeneous system in place so that potential conflicts between the various banks that would imperil the banks and financial institutions as well as the security of the online banking system would be avoided. Absence of…...

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References

ESIGN Laws Digital Signature And Electronic Authentication Law (SEAL) of 1998

 http://www.isaacbowman.com/esign-laws-digital-signature-and-electronic-authentication-law-seal-of-1998 

The Library of Congress Bill Text 105th Congress (1997-1998)

H.R.3472.IH

GFI Turn-Around IT Strategy
Turn-around Information Technology Strategy for Global Finance, Inc. (GFI)

GFI's Authentication Technology and Network Security Issues

GFI TUN-AOUND IT STATEGY

Global Finance Inc. offers services in the finance industry. This is a sensitive area of business that requires tight security policies and strategies to be implemented on the network of such an organization. GFI has, however, not given much attention to the IT department, especially, its security and thus the loopholes that exist and have been exploited by black-hat hackers. This is clear from the facts provided that the company's oracle database has been compromised in terms of availability, confidentiality and the integrity of the data stored. Organizations in the finance industry have the integrity, confidentiality and availability of their databases as one of their biggest assets. A simple mistake or gap on such an organization's technology policy and implementation may lead to huge losses that may see the organization…...

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References

Barry, D. K. (2013). Web services, service-oriented architectures, and cloud computing. San Francisco, Calif: Morgan Kaufmann.

Camison, C. (2009). Connectivity and knowledge management in virtual organizations:

Cole, G. D., Branstad, D. K., & Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology. (1978).

Design alternatives for computer network security. Washington: The Bureau.

Physical Evidence
List and explain five (5) ways that show how authentication or identification of physical evidence can be accomplished (also called "laying the foundation").

Authentication of physical evidence can be accomplished by:

Testimony of a witness who has first-hand knowledge. This is enough for authentication if the person involved has personal diligence that a matter is what is claimed to be.

A non-expert person who must have been well-acquainted with the specimen and did not acquire the knowledge for the purpose of betrayal, such as a spouse or roommate.

Allowing the jury or an expert to put in comparison the evidence purported with the specimens which have been authenticated is enough for authentication.

Distinctive qualities and associated circumstances such as sending a bill to a particular address and getting payment from the bill or other appearance, contents, substance, as well as other internal design qualities when admitted together with associated circumstances, is authentication of evidence.

5.…...

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References

Dressler, J. (2002). Understanding Criminal Procedure. Newark, New Jersey: LexisNexis.

Gaines, L., & Miller, L. (2006). Criminal Justice In Action: The Core. Belmont, California:

Thomson/Wadsworth.

S.Bransdorfer, M. (1987). Miranda Right-to-Counsel Violations and the Fruit of the Poisonous

Pesante (2008), there are three basic security threat parameters important to information on the Internet: "confidentiality," "integrity," and "availability." In addition, Pesante addresses three particular concepts that are related to the people to whom information is made available to who need this information for their work in the organization and can be trusted with it: "authentication," "authorization" and "non-repudiation." I think that it is very important to high or very high security requirements in all six areas. Companies should take advantage of all existing opportunities, both in the technical and the non-technical, social / personal area to ensure the highest possible level of information security within their organization. Whereas technical mechanisms are primarily needed to reduce risks resulting from an attack external to the organization, social and personal counter-measures need to be implemented, if the primary source of attack is expected to be internal (see Boran. 1999, p. 6).
Confidentiality:…...

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References

Boran, S. 1999. An overview of corporate information security. Combining organisational, physical & it security. PP. 1-9. www.boran.com/security/sp/security_space.html.

Pesante, L. 2008. Introduction to information security. PP. 1 -- 3. www.us-cert.gov/reading_room/infosecuritybasics.pdf.

Information technology protection manual published by the German Federal Office for Information Security. 2011. BSI TR-03127 - Architecture electronic identity card and electronic resident permit (informative translation) (pdf, 1,03 MB). PP. 1 -- 39. www.bsi.bund.de/gshb/english/menue.htm

Physical Security Controls
To document the importance of physical security controls as it relates to the massive pervasiveness of online theft and cyber crime

Background information on the identification and authentication of people.

With the advent of the internet it is often very difficult to properly identify the individual in which business is conducted with. With the extreme ease of the internet comes the secrecy of potential criminal lurking through the shadows. Identification and authentication therefore have profound impacts on how to better protect assets from criminals.

The importance of information systems security and how it relates to globalization

Information systems, particularly those that store personal information, often are very senstivie to criminal activity. Therefore physical store techniques mandate that sensitivity information be locked away and under intense surveillance. Aspects such as disposable drives, printers and workstations should also be considered.

C. Brief overview of the paper.

i. The remainder of this paper will discuss proper surveillance,…...

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References

1. Backhouse, J., Hsu, C., & McDonnell, A. (2003). Toward public-key infrastructure interoperability. Communications of the ACM, 46(6), 98-100. Retrieved April 25, 2009, from ACM.

2. Bala, D. (2008). Biometrics and information security. Proceedings of the 5th annual conference on Information security curriculum development, 64-66. Retrieved March 31, 2009, from ACM.

3. Boatwright, M. & Lou, X. (2007). What do we know about biometrics authentication? Proceedings of the 4th annual conference on Information security curriculum development, 31, Retrieved March 31, 2009, from ACM.

4. Chan, A.T. (2003). Integrating smart card access to web-based medical information systems. Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing, 246-250.Retrieved February 13, 2009, from ACM.

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is defined by Techtarget (2010) as a common employed protocol used for the management of security of information being transmitted over the internet. SSL has been recently succeeded by the Transport Layer Security (TLS), a protocol that is based on SSL. SSL operates on the program layer that is located between the Transport Control Layer (TCP) and then Hypertext Transfer Protocol. PCI (2008) referred to SSL as the established industry standard that is used in the encryption of the channel between a given web browser and an appropriate web server in order to ensure that there is privacy and reliability in the information that is being transmitted over the given channel.
SSL is basically included as part of the web browsers as well as Web servers. Patel (2008,p.223) indicated that the SSL protocol was originally developed by Netscape in order to ensure that the security of…...

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References

GeoCerts (2011). Understanding SSL Certificate Authentication

 http://www.geocerts.com/ssl/understanding_authentication 

Onyszko, T (2004). Secure Socket Layer

 http://www.windowsecurity.com/articles/secure_socket_layer.html

Physical Security Controls
Using attached Annotated outline provide a 5-page paper Physical Security Controls. I attached Annotated Outline Physical Security Controls. You references I Annotated Outline.

The advancement in technology has given rise to numerous computer security threats. It has become quite difficult to identify people online because many people use the internet with fake identities. This has made it easy for people to conduct criminal activities online. Online security of computer systems should be combined with physical security to ensure that no unauthorized person gain access to the systems. A physical security control can be termed as any obstacle used to delay serious attackers, and frustrate trivial attackers. This way a company or organization can be assured of the security if its information and computer systems. Majority of organizations use computer systems to store sensitive company information and employee data. This data needs to be properly secured to ensure that identity…...

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References

Backhouse, J., Hsu, C., & McDonnell, A. (2003). Toward public-key infrastructure interoperability. Communications of the ACM, 46(6), 98-100.

Boatwright, M., & Luo, X. (2007). What do we know about biometrics authentication? Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 4th annual conference on Information security curriculum development, Kennesaw, Georgia.

Shelfer, K.M., & Procaccino, J.D. (2002). Smart card evolution. Communications of the ACM, 45(7), 83-88.

All network authorized personnel must be instructed to use "strong" passwords consisting of at least 8 characters; they must include at least one upper and one lower case letter, at least one Arabic number, and at least one "special character" in addition to avoiding any form or abbreviation of the user's first or last name (Boyce, 2002; Kizza, 2005).
Network administrators must also implement applications capable of ensuring compliance by automatically rejecting improper password choices. Additionally, administrators must require authorized users to change their passwords at specific intervals. Finally, office managers must monitor compliance with common-sense rules about behavioral aspects of password security, such as prohibiting divulging passwords to co-workers, requiring users to log off if they leave their terminals, and by providing training into recognizing attempted social engineering to obtain secure information through deception (Larson, 2007).

Likewise, authentication layers can also significantly enhance network security. In that regard, the most…...

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References

Boyce J. (2002). Information Assurance: Managing Organizational it Risks. St. Louis,

MO: Elsevier.

Kizza JM. (2005). Computer Network Security. New York: Springer.

Larsen R. (2007). Our Own Worst Enemy: Asking the Right Questions About

These certificates are issued by the certification authorities (CAs) and they contain the name, expiration dates as well as serial numbers of the certificates.
OS Hardening

Operating system hardening is the process of addressing the various security issues and vulnerabilities in a given operating system via the implementation of the latest Operating system patches, updates, hotfixes as well procedures and policies that are necessary for reducing the number of attacks as well as system downtime.

Application hardening

Application hardening is the process of addressing the various security issues and vulnerabilities in a given operating system via the implementation of the latest application patches, updates, hotfixes as well procedures and policies that are necessary for reducing the number of attacks as well as system downtime.

Transmission / emote access protection protocols

The transmission protocols that are necessary for the information assurance include the used of https as well as FTP. Https involves the use of a secure…...

XML is used not only to represent the data but also as a messaging protocol called SOAP; and (6) Portal Integration is another popular integration methodology in use today. It doesn't involve expensive and time consuming technologies and processes that EAI and data warehousing require. Also, it is the most customer-facing of all the methods described in this section. This means that it can be highly personalized and customized to the customer's requirements. In future, portals will present their functionality as web services so that multiple portals from different vendors can be integrated.
Architecture of Portals

The portal, when speaking technically, is "a framework that enables developers to plug various software components called portlets, and then deliver the aggregated content to multi-devices." (Mohan, 2003) Integration may be accomplished through using HRML, JSP, Java eans, Java servlets, XSL that transforms XML through XSL transformation or even CGI. Sun Microsystems' Java Community Process…...

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Bibliography

Mohan, Sajeev (2003) Mechanics of Oracle Portal and Identity Management. Online available at  http://download.oracle.com/owsf_2003/36786_Mohan.doc 

Reducing the Costs of it Security Management (2006) Sumner Blount eTrust Solutions Online available at  http://i.cmpnet.com/ittransformationcenter.techweb.com/pdfs/reducing_costs_security_mgt.pdf 

Building a Portal? Vive La Difference (2001) Information Week. 5 November 2001 Online available at  http://www.informationweek.com/news/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=6508083 

Oracle Solutions for Workforce Excellence - HR Transformation: Transform HR from an Administrative Function to a Strategic Partner.  http://www.oracle.com/global/uk/hcm/9575%20Transformation-2-9-4.pdf

System Security
"As a manager, how would you plan on securing organizational data? How does security effectiveness and relative cost figure into those plans?"

The more critical aspect of any enterprise-wide security management strategy is to align system resources to the strategic initiatives and goals of an organization. Increasingly this is being accomplished through the use of role-based access and authentication privileges and process workflows that audit and evaluate use of sensitive information (Shih, Wen, 2005). The role of enterprise security management drastically changes however when ubiquitous Web Services are used for capturing, aggregating, analyzing and effectively using confidential data to make financial decisions (Phifer, 2011). The intent of this analysis is to evaluate how intrusion and intrusion detection systems can be used in the 21st century, state-of-the-art IT systems that are to a large extent Cloud-based and often have remote access points that make them particularly vulnerable (Phifer, 2011). Also…...

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References

Microsoft TechNet. (2011). Enterprise security best practices. Microsoft. Retrieved from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd277328.aspx

Thibodeau, P. (2011, July 18). U.S. government CIO warns of IT vendor cartel. Computerworld. Retrieved from  http://www.computerworlduk.com/news/public-sector/3291866/us-government-cio-warns-of-it-vendor-cartel/ 

Phifer, L. (2011, July 11). 5 best practices for securing remote access. E-security Planet. Retrieved from  http://www.esecurityplanet.com/views/article.php/3937121/5-Best-Practices-for-Securing-Remote-Access.htm 

Shih, S.C., & Wen, H.J. (2005). E-enterprise security management life cycle. Information Management & Computer Security, 13(2), 121-134.

hashes can be attacked. In addition, describe some scenarios where a hash has been used as part of an authentication scheme, and the validity of a particular authentication using that scheme have been challenged.
Hashes are one type of a variety of cryptographic methods of providing a one-way encoding of information. A hash value can only be recreated using the exact same information again. "The cryptographic value of the hash lies in the fact it is impossible to retrieve the original information from the hash itself." (Miseldine, 2004)

One of the most common and familiar forms of hashes is a password. But although passwords may have significance to the user, viewed from a computer's point-of-view, a hash is merely an unordered collection of values, each of which is identified by a unique key or combination of letters, values, and other symbols. Replicating these keys can only retrieve the value of the…...

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Works Cited

Hash Functions." (2004) Connected: An Internet Encyclopedia.

Retrieved on June 27, 2004 at  http://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/142.htm 

Menon-Sen, Abhijit. (October 1, 2001) "How Hashes Really Work." Retrieved on June 27, 2004 at  http://www.perl.com/lpt/a/2002/10/01/hashes.html 

Miseldine, David. (June 14, 2004) "Password Hashes." Site point. Net log. Retrieved on June 27, 2004 at  http://www.sitepoint.com/blog-post-view.php?id=175017

As each device in the family has 5GB and is about to run out, we upgraded each iCloud memory configuration at the store, although it is also possible to do this online as well.
e purchased a 100GB upgrade for the MacBook Air, and also added a 50GB upgrade for the iPad2. The ease of doing this was impressive and we were able to also get the iCloud options configured to be consistent across all devices. The options for what to store and how to archive it was impressive. Apple has made usability and streamline configuration of the iCloud a high priority and it shows.

Lessons Learned

The value of the Genius Bar was evident in how quickly the problem was solved. The expert also explained each of the new features of the iOS operating system and showed how the iCloud tabs in Safari were replicated in real-time to the iCloud storage…...

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Works Cited

Frakes, Dan. "Hands-on with iOS 6: Safari." Macworld 2012: 54. ABI/INFORM Complete. Web. 5 Dec. 2012 .

Portability

M

In the event that Myra decides to expand her business, portability becomes more important. However in this situation portability is not as important due to the single location and the access to cloud technology.

Security

L

There is not much security risk in this approach to the problem. Beautician scheduling is not regarded as a high risk activity.

Data Quality

L

Names and time are all that are really needed in this software. As long as that quality is fine, there are no problems with this area.

Authentication

L

Once again the lack of a need for high security denotes the lack of importance of this area. Authentication is not that important since the scheduling software is more like a common good to be used by all.

Encryption

L

Only basic encryption is needed in a software application such as this. There is no reasonable excuse for any hacker to break into this system.

Cloud Computing

H

Since this software is compatible with the cloud,…...

The authors have expertise with Oracle databases and use examples from the enterprise products this software vendor provides to make their point regarding security of highly distributed networks. One of the more valuable aspects of this specific paper is the focus on how to create a multilevel secure environment in an enterprise. The authors have done enterprise-level database security work in their careers and this article and research communicate their expertise clearly.
In the article Data Security: A Security Implementation for elational Database Management Systems (Nilakanta, 1989) the author contends that information architectures must rely on a stable database management system (DBMS) to scale securely and reliably across an enterprise. The author provides insights into several different security procedures and approaches to defining a secured operating environment for enterprise-wide DBMS implementations and use. There are also guidelines for defining security clearances and recommendations on hwo best to use encryptions for…...

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References

Feeney, T.R. (1986). Security issues and features of database management systems. Information Age, 8(3), 155-155.

Fulkerson, C.L., Gonsoulin, M.A., & Walz, D.B. (2002). Database security. Strategic Finance, 84(6), 48-53.

Harris, D., & Sidwell, D. (1994). Distributed database security. Computers & Security, 13(7), 547-547.

Nilakanta, S. (1989). Data security: A security implementation for relational database management systems. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 17(1-4), 415-415.

To help make the internet safer, we can take the following measures:

1. Strengthen password security:
- Use strong and unique passwords for each online account.
- Consider using a password manager to securely store and generate passwords.
- Enable two-factor authentication whenever possible.

2. Educate users about phishing and malware:
- Raise awareness about common phishing techniques and the importance of not clicking on suspicious links or opening attachments from unknown sources.
- Promote the use of reliable antivirus software and regularly update it.

3. Encourage responsible online behavior:
- Teach users about the potential consequences of sharing personal information online.
-....

I. Introduction
A. Importance of technology in the courtroom
B. Historical evolution of courtroom technology
C. Thesis statement: Courtroom technology has revolutionized the legal system, improving efficiency, accuracy, and access to justice.

II. Efficiency Enhancements
A. Electronic Case Management Systems (ECMS)
1. Paperless filing and storage
2. Streamlined docket management
3. Automated reminders and notifications
B. Real-Time Transcription and Recording
1. Instantaneous transcription of proceedings
2. Increased accuracy and completeness of records
3. Time-saving and efficiency gains
C. Audiovisual Aids
1. Multimedia presentations and demonstrations
2. Enlarged exhibits and documents
3. Enhanced understanding and engagement of jurors

III. Improved Accuracy
A. Digital....

Original Thesis Statement:

Facial recognition technology offers both advantages and disadvantages, impacting privacy concerns and raising questions about the potential for misuse.

Refined Thesis Statement:

The proliferation of facial recognition technology presents a double-edged sword, balancing potential benefits such as enhanced security and convenience with profound ethical implications and privacy concerns.

Introduction:

Facial recognition technology has emerged as a ubiquitous tool in modern society, transforming various aspects of our lives. While it offers undeniable advantages, the concerns surrounding its potential for misuse and ethical implications cannot be overlooked. This paper aims to critically examine the pros and cons of facial recognition technology, exploring both its....

Refined Thesis Statement:

The multi-layered security protocols employed by modern online banking platforms, combined with robust user awareness and vigilance, effectively safeguard financial transactions, mitigating cyber threats and ensuring the integrity of online financial services.

Supporting Arguments:

Multi-Layered Security Protocols:

Strong Authentication: Two-factor authentication (2FA) and biometrics provide an additional layer of protection by requiring multiple forms of authentication.
Encryption: Advanced encryption algorithms ensure that data is securely transmitted and stored, protecting against eavesdropping and data breaches.
Firewalls and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs): These systems monitor network traffic for suspicious activity and block unauthorized access.
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS): Encrypts....