Asia Pacific Business
Australia is a large island continent that is located on the south-east of Asia. Covering a total area of 7,617,930 km2 (Australia G., 2012) with a population of 22,876,023 individuals as per the 2012 estimate (Australia), it happens to be very large country with a relatively small population. Australia is one of the most urbanized countries in the world. Since vast tracts of the country are not only uninhabited but also uninhabitable, there is a lack of a domestic market. Hence, there is a need for Australian businesses to look for international markets in order to ensure their future prosperity.

Currently, Australia has the world's thirteenth largest economy and the fifth highest GDP per capita of $66,984 as of 2011 (Fund, 2012). The Australian Securities Exchange is now, the ninth largest stock exchange in the world (On the International Realignment of Exchanges and Related Trends in Self-Regulation, 2010). In…...

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Works Cited

(n.d.). Retrieved 2012, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2195.html

A Mid-Term Stocktake of the Bogor Goals. (2005). Retrieved from Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation: www.apec.org

As approved by the 42nd National Conference. (2000). ALP Platform 2000. Canberra: Australian Labor Party.

Australia, C. o. (n.d.). Population Clock. Retrieved April 12, 2012, from Australian Bureau of Statistics:  http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/1647509ef7e25faaca2568a900154b63?OpenDocument .

Asia Pacific usiness China and Australia
A Contrast and Comparison

The purpose of this paper is to:

Compare and contrast the characteristics of industrial and institutional environments in one of the nine (9) Asia Pacific countries identified by Lasserre and Schutte with those of Australia; and II. Further this work will discuss South Korea in relation to their adoption of a similar business system and institutional framework which is the same as that applied successfully by the Japanese.

"In the international financial institutions (IFI), governance takes places under explicit sets of binding rules. Key to any discussion of any international institution is the question of what rules members use to organize and operate the institution. Voting procedures in international institutions can be structured in a variety of ways. The United Nations General Assembly, for example, utilizes the logic of one nation, one vote. Other international assemblies explicitly grant some members more influence"

In terms of…...

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Bibliography:

Manufacturing stabilizes Economic structure (2003) From the Economist Intelligence UnitSource: Country Profile [Online] at:   cfm?folder=Profile%2DEconomic%20Structurehttp://www.economist.com/countries/SouthKorea/profile .

Jones, Janet T. et al. (nd) Managing People and Change: Comparing Organisations and Management in Australia, China, India and South Africa SCHOOL OF COMMERCE RESEARCH PAPER SERIES: 01-5 ISSN: 1441-3906 [Online] located at: rce/researchpapers/01-5.htmhttp://www.ssn.flinders.edu.au/comme

Lindholm, N. (1999) Performance management in MNC subsidiaries in China: A study of host-country managers and professionals. Asia Pacific Journal of Human esources, 37(3): 18-35.

Lasserre, P. And Schutte, H. (1995) Strategies for Asia Pacific. Melbourne: Macmillan.

Similar juxtapositions of traditional (in both patriarchal and Asian cultural influences) elements with emerging values, sensibilities, and desires exist in Fire. Mehta's film centers on the growing self-direction and self-realization of a middle-aged woman in a traditional Hindu marriage. Her attraction and budding relationship with another newly wed bride is in many ways the catalyst for the actions and the investigations that occur in the film, but the same-sex attraction is truly secondary to the issue of self-direction and an assertion of feminine identity. This is shown to be an extreme conflict with the traditional values of the Hindu culture, yet at the same time these traditional values are seen to be in a state of complete erosion and emptiness through the treatment of the grandmother character and even the treatment of the central character by her husband. The female and the elderly are essentially treated as non-persons or purely…...

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Works Cited

Goto, Hiromi. Chorus of Mushrooms. Edmonton: NeWest Press, 1994.

Mehta, Deepa. Fire. Zeitgeist Films, 1996.

There are additional considerations, such as political risk and accounting standards." (Grote, 2009) According to Grote (2009) the fund "has proven to be a consistent performer." The following chart labeled Figure 4 in this study lists the performance indicators for the First State Asia Pacific Leaders Fund (2009).
Figure 4

First State Asia Pacific Leaders Fund Performance

FIST STATE ASIA PACIFIC LEADES

PICE

SHAPE ATIO

0.03

SIZE OF FUND

£2,527m

1-Y PEFOMANCE

7.63%

No OF HOLDINGS

43

3-Y PEFOMANCE

53.24%

SET UP DATE

01-Dec-03

5-Y PEFOMANCE

MANAGE STAT DATE

01-Dec-03

TOTAL EXPENSE ATIO

1.57%*

BETA

0.59

YIELD

1.57

VOLATILITY

4.11

MINIMUM INVESTMENT

£1,000

TACKING EO

3.2

MOE DETAILS

www.firststate.co.uk

Source: Investors Chronicle

Figure 5

First State Asia Pacific Leaders Top 10 Holdings

Holding

Percentage

Newcrest Mining

8.7%

Swire Pacific

5.7%

Brambles

5.6%

Taiwan Semiconductor

5.3%

Hong Kong & China Gas

4.9%

Cheun Kong Holdings

4.8%

Oversea-Chinese Banking Corp

4.2%

Lihir Gold

3.2%

Chunghwa Telecom

3.0%

Woodside Petroleum

2.9%

Source: Investors Chronicle

As shown in the previous figure the top ten holdings of the First State Asia Pacific Fund are those of Newcrest Mining, Swire Pacific, Brambles, Taiwan Semiconductor, Hong Kong & China Gas, Cheung Kong Holdings, Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation, CSL, Chunghwa Telecom, and Hong Lung Group, with percentage holdings…...

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References

First Asia Pacific and Leaders Fund (2009) First State Investments. 2009. Online available at:  http://www.fundslibrary.co.uk/fundslibrary.dataretrieval/documents.aspx?user=finex&sedol=3387421&track2=&ext=ut5181&type=packet_fund_class_doc_factsheet_private 

First State Asia Pacific Leaders (2009) Trustnet. Online available at:  http://www.trustnet.com/Factsheets/Factsheet.aspx?fundCode=QIF52&univ=U 

First State Asia Pacific Leaders Fund Leads the Pack (2009) Investors Chronicle. 2009. Online available at:  http://www.investorschronicle.co.uk/InvestmentGuides/Funds/article/20090720/41d5825e-7210-11de-a4d6-0015171400aa/First-State-Asia-Pacific-Leaders-Fund-leads-the-pack.jsp 

First State Investments ICVC (2009) Simplified Prospectus 8 Apr 2009. Online available at:  http://www.fundslibrary.co.uk/fundslibrary.dataretrieval/documents.aspx?user=finex&sedol=3387421&track2=&ext=ut5181&type=packet_fund_class_doc_simplified_prospectus

Business Strategies Found in Asia Pacific and Its Future
Upon completion of this paper many avenues pertaining to business in Asia Pacific will be discussed. The nature of doing business in the region involves an understanding of many elements. These elements include the characteristics of the industrial and institutional environments of business there. There are many different business systems used in the region and knowledge of how these firms operate is important. How these firms operate with in a business system carries over and predicts a firm's ability to compete. Its success and growth are directly related. It is also important for one to have an awareness of the differences in culture and how culture plays a huge role in doing business within the region. It is significant to assess the potential of this area as a collection of key markets and players within the global market. It is due to…...

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References:

"Asia Holds the Key to the Future of GM Food." [Internet]. 9 Feb. 2005.

Available at  http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=4956 .

"Asia Leading the Future." [Internet]. 9 Feb. 2005. Available at http://www.itu.int/ASIA2004/media/asia2004.html.

"Australia: Country Profile." [Internet]. 8 Feb. 2005. Available at  http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/as.html .

Economic, Political, And Social Changes Impact on Growth
egion of the world: Asia

The region of Asia contains some of the world's most rapidly-growing economies. China's middle class is now securely established; India offers one of the most desirable arenas for outsourcing, given its low labor costs, English-speaking population, and technologically-literate workforce. More and more retail companies are targeting Asia due to the fact that many Asian nations boast expanding populations of young people and the sheer size of China and India's untapped markets. "If current trends continue, Asia's economy will surpass those of the United States and Europe combined in less than two decades -- a prospect that has prompted some to dub the 21st century the Asian century" (Asia faces five challenges to its economic future, 2014, IMF).

Asia's economy as a whole has been relatively durable when compared with its Western competitors: "while the financial environment for emerging markets has…...

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References

Asia faces five challenges to its economic future. (2014). IMF. Retrieved from:  http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2014/res052914a.htm 

Chapter 1: Asia's momentum is set to continue. (2014). IMF. Regional economic outlook:

Asia and Pacific. Retrieved from:  https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/reo/2014/apd/eng/areo0414.htm 

India's corruption problem. (2014). CFR. Retrieved from:

Hotel industry is one of the major sectors in the leisure industry across the globe that accounts for a significant percentage of the global Gross Domestic Product and a huge portion of jobs across the globe. The global hotel industry has experienced tremendous growth and development in the recent past despite various economic challenges across the world. As this industry becomes more geographically diverse, its projected revenue by 2012 was $567.5 billion (Szulanski, Zee & aver, 2009). One of the unique segments in the global hotel industry is the luxury hotel segment that is characterized by premium room rates, comprehensive luxury amenities, luxurious design aesthetics, and a high-end clientele. The luxury hotel segment comprises several players that are defined by brand position, business models, and number of rooms. The Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group and Marriot Hotels & esorts are two examples of the key players in the luxury hotel segment.
The…...

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References

Butler, P. 2009, Marriott Jumps 10 Places in the Sunday Times 'Best Big Companies to Work

For' List, Marriot Hotels and Resorts, viewed 16 October 2015,

Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group n.d., Cafeteria Attendant, Boston, Mandarin Oriental Hotel

Group, viewed 16 October 2015,

East sia, 1800-1912
The dominance of European powers in East sia and its center of accumulation in the last decades of the 20th century have posed enormous challenges in the understanding of industrialized nations. Modernization and national development theories have received notable criticisms from well-developed experiences such as plan vs. market, and this looks like regional and not national. The phenomenon has been characterized by a regional scope that has challenged theories of global systems, which depend heavily on the global economic tripartite division into semi-periphery, periphery, and core. Regional integration theories formulated from experiences in contemporary Europe have been challenged relating to the success of non-governmental infrastructure connecting East sia sub-regions. This took place even with the lack of intergovernmental organizations characterizing the North merican and the European Union Free Trade Treaties.

t the primary cause of all these challenges lies the significant and peculiar trajectory of East sia for…...

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As official sanctions were brought up, European powers spread rapidly across the region resulting in massive deaths of Chinese populations and hundreds of European foreigners. In the 1900 spring, the imperial army helped the European powers to penetrate Beijing laying a siege to the legation district. This led to the murder of the Chinese chief legato prompting quick international condemnation. This made China declare war on all foreign powers. The royal family flees following the efforts of the European forces in relieving the legation siege. Following this development, the Chinese dynasty entered unequal treaties with European forces and troops regarding major routes between the sea, Beijing and in the capital city.

Looking at the phenomenon in reverse, the history of the Chinese encounter with the European powers in the 19th century looks like a tale of inexorable and woe decline. With this hindsight benefit, the first encounter between Chinese Dynasty and European powers looks like a self-deception study. This opened formal diplomatic relations between Europe and China, which opened free trade between the two nations. Frustrations were experienced by London, which limited all maritime trading activities between China and Europe. Consequently, this denied European powers from accessing much of the prosperous and huge Chinese markets. Because of the gross trade inequality between Europe and China, acute commercial pressure existed. This took place even with the lack of intergovernmental organizations characterizing the North American and the European Union Free Trade Treaties.

This development was the longest in the entire debacle of China's defeats. A battle between European forces and China in 1895s traditional sphere of influencing Japan was more than humiliating to the Chinese troops. However, European forces had suppressed the Chinese troops as European forces engaged thousands of troops to protect their own interests, as well as wring concessions from China. At the beginning, European forces pursued diplomatic solutions to the set of crisis. This was through assuring the Chinese mediation, however, this only paved way for China to have more time for mobilizing and waging western styles of fighting an albeit more westernized foe. As hostilities took shape, the European troops' success was total, incorporating lopsided victories on both sea and land.

Ideally, rather than a hostile action, the activity should be motivated in a spirit of mutual cooperation, in a manner which would be advantageous to both entities -- both BEA and the purchasing entity. In the case of ICBC's venture with the bank, "The transaction would mark the first purchase of a majority stake in a U.S. depository institution by a Chinese bank. If completed, it may give financial firms in both countries greater access to each others' markets" (Campbell 2011). It may also stimulate BEA's desire to engage in similar partnerships with other institutions

Thus, if a large corporation wished to purchase BEA outright, it should be aware of the roots that BEA has created internationally and its particular strengths in establishing connections with expanding enterprises in Mainland China. This would likely make BEA unwilling and able to resist a takeover or purchase. Its soaring stock prices make 'buying out'…...

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References

Bank of East Asia. (2011). Banks Rating. Retrieved September 26, 2011 at http://www.banks-ratings.com/bea/

Bradsher, Keith & Heather Timmons. (2008). Anxious depositors withdraw cash from Asia banks. The New York Times. Retrieved September 26, 2011 at  http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/25/business/worldbusiness/25emerging.html 

Campbell, Dakin. (2011). ICBC to acquire stake in BEA. Business Week. Retrieved September

26, 2011 at  http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-01-21/icbc-to-acquire-stake-in-bank-of-east-asia-network.html

Therefore, policy initiatives and public resources are primarily confined to basic religious beliefs and practices. This has lead to a serious imbalance in social, political, and religious developments. Asia has already realized the rapid expansion in the religious sector hence the need to expand social and political developments. The region has noticed that religion is essential for social and political growth. It is also equalizer in the allocation of policy initiatives, and public resources in case Asia is to become successful in the highly globalized world (Esposito, John, & Bakar 2010).
Conclusion

It is clear how economic, social, and political developments have a positive response towards the magnitude of some religious practices and beliefs but negatively responds to church attendance. Therefore, economic and political development depends on the magnitude of believing in the religious beliefs and not belonging to a religion. In this case, it can be concluded that Asia did…...

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References

Devasahayam, W., 2009. Gender Trends in Southeast Asia: Women Now, Women in the Future. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

Esposito, L., John O. And Bakar O., 2010. Asian Islam in the 21st Century. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hooker, MB., 2008. Islam in South-East Asia. Leiden: E.J. Brill

Kuhonta, Erik M, Dan S. And Tuong V., 2008. Southeast Asia in Political Science: Theory, Region, and Qualitative Analysis. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Capacity Constraints at Air Asia
Air Asia follows a low cost carrier model, offering a range of flights across more than 20 countries and working with associate companies to provide access to more destinations, including long haul flights through Air Asia X. A key success factor for low cost airlines is the efficient use of resources in order to maximize revenues while holding down costs. In any industry there will be capacity constraints; factors which limit the level of production or service provision. evenue management requires an understanding of capacity constraints in order to manage them in an effective manner. The airline industries, and therefore Air Asia, have some significant constraints, such as the number of aircraft, number of available seat for passengers, availability of staff and constraints due to international aviation regulations. The way constraints impact on operations and revenue management, along with the way in which the firm may…...

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References

Air Asia, (2013), Corporate Profile, [online] accessed 19th September 2013 from  http://www.airasia.com/ot/en/about-us/corporate-profile.page 

Air Asia, (2012), Annual Report, [online] accessed 19th September 2013 from  http://www.airasia.com/iwov-resources/my/common/pdf/AirAsia/IR/annual-report-2012.pdf 

Airbus, (2013), A330-300 Family, Cabin Layout and Comfort, [online] accessed 19th September 2013 from  http://www.airbus.com/aircraftfamilies/passengeraircraft/a330family/a330-300/cabin-layout/ 

Dana, James, (1999), Equilibrium Price Dispersion under Demand Uncertainty: The Roles of Costly Capacity and Market Structure, RAND Journal of Economics, 30(4), 632 -- 660

The Dutch and the French followed their example. In England, tea was introduced during Cromwell's rule.
The evolution of tea in the European market followed several periods. In the beginning, the price of tea reached quite high levels. Therefore, the product was only available to the rich, usually represented by royalties and nobles. From this point-of-view, tea's evolution on the European market is similar to that on the Chinese market. This is because tea started to be purchased by the masses when its price lowered and became more available.

The increased demand for this product on the English market determined traders to intensify their efforts in order to import larger amounts of tea from China. This is where the clippers interfered. Clippers were rapid ships that were designed in order to serve traders in their expeditions. The most circulated trade routes used for importing trade and spices from Asia were the…...

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Reference list:

1. The History of Tea (2003). Retrieved October 6, 2010 from  http://www.houseoftea.ie/html/allabout/history.htm .

2. Chinese History (2000). China Knowledge. Retrieved October 6, 2010 from  http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Qing/qing-econ.html .

3. The Tea Trade (2010). Retrieved October 6, 2010 from  http://www.icons.org.uk/theicons/collection/cupoftea/biography/the-tea-trade .

4. Trade and Trade Routes (2010). Retrieved October 6, 2010 from  http://www.cpamedia.com/trade-routes/ .

AIDS in Asia
The elationship of AIDS and Poverty in Asia

Historically diseases such as the Black Plague, Tuberculosis, Influenza, and several others have shaken the constraints of society. In modern times a new disease, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), has arisen and is just as damaging or worse than any that have come before it. AIDS is a disease that attacks an individual's immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and there is no cure once an individual has contracted HIV / AIDS. Biologists and genetic researchers have concluded that HIV originated in west-Central Africa during the late 19th or early 20th century (Fan, Conner, & Villarreal, 2010). The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention first declared AIDS in 1981, and diagnosed HIV as its cause shortly after (Fan, Conner, & Villarreal, 2010).

Since the early 1980s this major health epidemic arrived in modern society, and it has…...

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References

Bloom, D.E., & Sevilla, J. (2002). Health, wealth, AIDS, and poverty. 1-32.

Fan, H., Conner, R.F., & Villarreal, L.P. (2010). Aids: science and society. Sunbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Hunter, S.H. (2005). AIDS in Asia: a continent in peril. NY, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.

Mahmud, J. (2004). AIDS in the world. New Delhi, India: APH Publishing Company

Democratic Transition in Asia
Transition and Structural Theories of Democratization

Important Asian countries participated in the Third Wave of democratization from the 1970s to the 1990s, including South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. In China and Burma, there might have been a democratic revolution in 1989-90 had the ruling regimes not suppressed their own people with utmost brutality. This Third Wave, which according to Samuel Huntington started in Spain and Portugal in 1974-75, spread to Southern and eastern Europe and then to Asia, Africa and Latin America (Haynes 1999, p. 80). It demolished the Soviet Union and the apartheid regime in South Africa, and today seems to be rising yet again in North Africa and the Middle East. These unexpected events have led scholars of history, political science and international relations to delve into the questions of how transitions from authoritarianism to democracy occur and what structural factors seem to…...

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REFERENCE LIST

Anderson, L., ed., 1999. Transitions to Democracy. Columbia University Press.

Bandyopadhyaya, J., 2004. A General Theory of Foreign Policy. New Dehli: Allied Publishers.

Berger, M.T., 2006. "The Neo-Liberal Ascendancy in East Asia: Geo-Politics, Development Theory and the End of the Authoritarian Development State in South Korea" in Plehwe, D. et al., eds. Neoliberal Hegemony: A Global Critique, pp. 105-19.

Bevir, M., 2010. Encyclopedia of Political Theory. SAGE Publications, Inc.

economic interdependence among North Asian states overcoming historical animosities and improving their political relationships?
The tendency to speak of "Asia" as a homogenous region in the West should not erase the memory of the deep historical animosities that have existed within the area. In the past, Japan has been an aggressor against both China and Korea. Recently, Japan has felt threatened by China's size and economic and territorial ambitions and strength. owever, the forces of globalization and the economic interdependence demanded by the new global economy have been an important force in facilitating regional cooperation.

Prior to the 1990s few would have predicted that Japan, China, South Korea and the Southeast Asian nations would have forged free trade agreements and would be "meeting on a regular and structured basis to advance regional cooperation at the ministerial level in over twenty policy domains" as they do now within the ASEAN Plus Three…...

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Harumi Ozawa, "Japan economy, Toyota feel effects of disaster," Reuters, April 13, 2011,   April 13, 2011)http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20110413/wl_afp/japandisasteraccidentnuclear_20110413201919 (accessed

Ibid.

"Top officials defend Japan's response," AP, April 13, 2011,   (accessed April 13, 2011)http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2011/04/top_official_defends_japans_re.html 

....

One of the more shameful moments in American history was the establishment of internment camps for Japanese-Americans during World War II.  Ostensibly started because the United States was at war with Japan, it is interesting to note that there were no similar internment camps for people of Italian or German descent, despite the fact that Italy and Germany were also part of the Axis powers that fought against the Allies in World War II. 

Prior to World War II, Japanese began immigrating to America for work opportunities.  They initially immigrated to Hawaii, which was annexed by the United....

If you want to find out arguments about infectious diseases, we are tempted to tell you to visit almost any social media site, where you are almost sure to find people debating the efficacy of face masks to slow the spread of COVID-19.  However, the reality is that you actually want to avoid looking at sites like that if you are trying to develop a good essay about infectious diseases because internet arguments notoriously fail to follow the steps to developing a good argument.  You want to make a claim, provide support for that claim, and address....

One of the most interesting issues in international relations is the role that nuclear weapons play in the effort to obtain peace.  Many people suggest that nuclear weapons can preserve peace.  The United States was the first country to actively deploy nuclear weapons in an effort to shorten a war by dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II. The widespread destruction, which was unlike anything ever experienced in a war up to that point, is often credited with ushering in the end of World War II, at least in the Pacific....