life of a patient dealing with the chronic disease, rheumatoid arthritis. heumatoid arthritis is a type of arthritis that can cause redness, swelling, pain, tenderness, stiffness, and abnormality of numerous joints of the body. For patients that are dealing with this type illness, each day's activities can present a lot of trials. In this patient case, there were a lot of simple activities, which we people take for granted, can model a major problem for a patient that is dealing with rheumatoid arthritis.
Social, Financial, and Personal Effects
Donna is a 44-year-old wife and mother of two children and have had severe rheumatoid arthritis now for closely 14 years. Her husband is understanding and helpful. The disease has caused malformation of her feet and hands. The patients fingers are identifiably knotted and have bumps, known as nodules. Her wrists have practically bonded so that I can move them actually just a…...
mlaReferences
Akil, M.A. (2012). Rheumatoid arthritis. British Medical Journal, 34-67.
Binning, M. (2011). Modern drug treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis. Australian Nursing Journal, 32(12), 12-23.
Dessein, P.J. (2005). Effects of disease modifying agents and dietary intervention on insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in inflammatory arthritis: a pilot study. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 112-124.
Pisetsky, D. & . (2012). Progress in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 24(11), 2787-2791.
On the other hand a diet that is high in fruit and vegetable intake has also been found to increase the absorption of antioxidants and vitamins that help to manage the symptoms of this disease. Pineapples have been found to be effective in the control of inflammation in arthritis, as they contain bromelain enzymes. ".... bromelain enzymes block the prostaglandins that play a part in swelling. These enzymes have been used with dramatic success to treat rheumatoid arthritis and to speed tissue repair." (Goldstein, and Goldstein 113)
Degenerative diseases such as arthritis have been linked the damage caused by free-radicals. Foodstuffs that counter the effect of free radicals have also been shown to have a positive effect on arthritis management. The inclusion of vitamin E in one's diet has also been found to be conducive to good general health and is particularly effective in the treatment of arthritis. (Emanoil 5)
3.…...
mlaWorks Cited
Arthritis. 24 February, 2007. http://www.doh.state.fl.us/Family/arthritis/whatis/whatis.html
Don't Take Arthritis Lying Down. 24 February, 2007. www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001774859http://www.acatoday.com/content_css.cfm?CID=62
Emanoil, Pamela. "Vitamin E-How Much Is Enough?." Human Ecology 28.2 (2000): 5. Questia. 27 Feb. 2007 http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5001774859 .
A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101287397
As well as several reports relating diseases and mood, mental status has also been reported to affect immuno-regulatory systems. Chronic depression or chronic stress conditions lead to immuno-suppressive status and imbalance in corticotrophin-releasing hormone, which induces cancer and hyperthyroidism. It has been reported that depressive states induce suppression of mitogenic reaction in lymphocytes, decreases the number and activity of natural killer cells and decreases the production of interferon." Sadamoto, Ogawa, Ogura and Saito, 2006) the work of Gray (nd) entitled: "What Feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis are Hard to Cope with Psychologically and What Strategies Might be Helpful in Coping?" identifies the features of RA which are hard to psychologically cope with and explores the relationships between those features and negative psychological outcomes. The following figure shows the percentages of the disease symptoms and how the ability of those with RA are affected in coping.
Figure 1
How Severely Individuals with RA…...
mlaBIBLIOGRAPHY
Crosby LJ. Factors which contribute to fatigue associated with rheumatoid arthritis. J Adv Nurs 1991;16:974 -- 81.
Dickens C, McGowan L, Clark-Carter D, Creed F: Depression in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of the Literature With Meta-Analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine 64:52 -- 60 (2002)
Disability/Condition: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Exercise (2007) NCPAD. Online available at: http://www.ncpad.org/disability/fact_sheet.php?sheet=131&view=all
Gray, H. (nd) What Features of Rheumatoid Arthritis Are Hard to Cope With Psycholgocially and What Strategies Might Be Helpful in Coping. Online available at: http://www.waht.nhs.uk/nsacademy/mdemo/Documents/previous_projects_and_posters/3%20psych%20features%20of%20ra.doc
Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is happening to the synovium in Arletha's knees and probably her hands as well?
In all likelihood, the synovium is inflamed and is not doing its job. The synovium is meant to secret liquid that keeps the joint lubricated. If it's not present or is not doing its job at high efficiency any more, then the joints in the hands and knees will start to become damaged and broken down, thus leading to pain.
What diagnostic tests may help provide clues to the presence of rheumatoid arthritis?
There is no "single" test or symptom that leads to the diagnosis and verification of rheumatoid arthritis. However, there are about seven symptoms or tests that can lead, in whole or in part, to a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. These include morning stiffness in and around joints for at least one hour, swelling or fluid around three or more joints at the same time, at…...
heumatoid arthritis is a widespread autoimmune disease that is linked to progressive disability, socioeconomic costs, systemic complications, and even early death. In addition to having an unknown cause, the disease also has a guarded prognosis. In the past few years, there have been several attempts to understand the pathogenesis of the disease, which have resulted in the creation of new therapeutics with enhanced outcomes (McInnes & Schett, 2011, p.2205). As a result of this progress, the current treatment strategy for the disease involves initiating aggressive therapy immediately after diagnosis and increasing the therapy. This process is carried out through an evaluation of the disease activity in order to achieve medical remission. While various unmet needs remain, rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by synovial inflammation, systemic attributes, autoantibody production, and cartilage and bone destruction.
Question 2:
Despite being common in the environment, Acinetobacter bacteria are rarely a medical threat to healthy and uninjured people.…...
mlaReferences:
Dugdale, D.C. & Chen, Y. (2011, February 28). Transfusion Reaction - Hemolytic. Retrieved from U.S. National Library of Medicine -- National Institutes of Health website: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001303.htm
Eldridge, L. (2013, April 28). Benign vs. Malignant. Retrieved November 8, 2013, from http://lungcancer.about.com/od/Biology-of-Cancer/a/Benign-Vs-Malignant.htm
"Gastrointestinal Symptoms." (2012, March 21). Above Stress. Retrieved November 8, 2013,
from http://abovestress.com/stress-symptoms/gastrointestinal-symptoms.html
JIA
Juvenile Arthritis accounts for a comparatively small number of patients suffering from juvenile arthritis (JA). This paper discusses the clinical manifestations that are considered unique among the subsections of juvenile arthritis, and explores those studies of cytokine profiles that suggest differences between the fundamental mechanisms of the different forms of these diseases. Systemic-onset juvenile arthritis may, in reality, be better classified as differentiated from other subtypes of juvenile arthritis. However, new biologic agents such as the cytokines interleukin-1 and interleukin-6, are presently being licensed or tested, and these look to be promising in treating systemic-onset juvenile arthritis. By comparison, anti-tumor necrosis-factor therapy has proven to be not very effective, if effective at all, in treating this subgroup of JA.
Introduction
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is described by The Merck Manual as "a group of rheumatic diseases that begins at or before age 16." (2014, p. 1) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is reported to…...
mlaReferences
Alexeeva, E.I. (2011). Efficacy and safety of repeat courses of rituximab treatment in patients with severe refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clinical Rheumatology, 30(9), 1163-
72.
Benedetti, F.D. (2012). Two Randomized Trials of Canakinumab in Systemic Juvenile
Idiopathic Arthritis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 23(7), 1-11. BEUKELMAN, T. (2011). 2011 American College of Rheumatology Juvenile Idiopathic
Women and Arthritis
The health issue selected for this assignment is arthritis. The population which arthritis affects is women (CDC, 2011). There are more women affected by arthritis than there are men affected by this condition. As such, arthritis is a social problem for this population because it is not uncommon for women -- particularly older women -- to experience symptoms pertaining to this condition. There is a substantial amount of the population of women that is inflicted with arthritis. In fact, this health issue is a problem for such women because the symptoms predominantly relate to feelings of pain experienced in joints. It is possible for those with arthritis to feel these symptoms of pain in their backs, hands, knees, and other areas of the body in which their joints are. Additionally, arthritis is a particular social problem for women because there are a number of different varieties of…...
mlaReferences
American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. (2008). United States Bone and Joint Decade: The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011).Rheumatoid arthritis. www.cdc.gov Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/rheumatoid.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Arthritis in general. www.cdc.gov Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/general.htm
Organizational Background
The Arthritis Foundation (AF) was founded in 1948 and is a non-profit organization that is dedicated to addressing the needs of individuals living with arthritis in the United States. There are an estimated 300,00 children, as well as 50 million adults, living with arthritis and this condition represents one of the nation's leading causes of disability in the U.S. The AF works to assist people with arthritis through multiple channels in order to mitigate some of the everyday struggles that people who live with this condition commonly endure. The foundation improves the lives of patients first by offering them the relevant information about their condition, which can sometimes be life changing for clients by itself. However, the AF also provides many other essential resources that are managed internally, such as providing resources, improving the access to care, facilitating research efforts, and building community relationship. For example, the AF, through…...
mlaReferences
Johnson, T. & Stahl-Moncada, S. (2008). Medicaid Prescription Formulary Restrictions and Arthritis Treatment Costs. Am J Public Health, 98(7), 1300-1305.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2007.118133
Lin, W., Bharel, M., Zhang, J., O'Connell, E., & Clark, R. (2015). Frequent Emergency
Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Homeless People With Medicaid:
The text authors note it is an "autoimmune disease in which the immune system of the body attacks its own tissues" (Tortora and Derrickson 285). In fact, the joint can even become misshapen. It can have longer-lasting affects than osteoarthritis, but it can also have flare-ups and remissions, which osteoarthritis does not have. Osteoarthritis is degenerative, while rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease. It affects two to three times more women than men. Symptoms are different from osteoarthritis, and include inflammation and swelling of the joints, pain, warmth, and pain or stiffness in the morning or after long periods of rest. In addition, rheumatoid arthritis is usually symmetrical, meaning it will affect both wrists, both knees, etc., although this is not always the case. The disease can also lead to a low-grade fever, a general feeling of tiredness, and affect other parts of the body, such as the heart…...
mlaReferences
Editors. "Answers you Can Trust." Arthritis.com. 2006. 15 Nov. 2006. http://www.arthritis.com/
Fischman, Josh; Hobson, Katherine. "Agony in the Bones." U.S. News & World Report 138, no. 24 (Jun 27, 2005): p. 42-52.
Tortora, Gerard J. And Derrickson, Bryan. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology.
Socio-Ecological Assessment of Women With Arthritis
Public health intervention is one of the critical factors to manage diseases since prevalence of diseases are increasing in the society daily because of the ecological and social problems. Arthritis is one of the health problems associated to different type of joint disorders leading into inflammation of joints. While there are more than 100 different types of arthritis diseases, the most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis that leads to a degenerative joint disease. The pain from the arthritis is from inflammation that occurs in the body joint due to tear of joint, disease in the joint and muscle strain. Several risk factors are associated to arthritis, which includes age, gender, obesity, infection, and occupation. While arthritis increases with age, however, arthritis is common in women than men. Typically, 60% of people suffering from arthritis are women. In the United States, over 52.5 million of…...
mlaReference
CDC.(2015).National Statistics NHIS Arthritis Surveillance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Institute of Medicine (2012). Living Well with Chronic Illness: A Call for Public Health Action. The National Academies Press; Washington, DC, USA.
Luong, M.N. Cleveland, R.J. Nyrop, K.A.et al.(2012). Social Determinants and Osteoarthritis Outcomes. Aging health. 8(4): 413 -- 437.
University of Buffalo (2015).Health Information Arthritis. Aging and Technology Research Center.
Doctors or nurses can pre-load the pillbox if necessary. The alarm ceases after the pillbox is turned upside-down.
An early dose feature is available, and there is an opportunity for seniors to program the device to take multiple medications at different times of day. The pill dispenser locks with a key for convenience and safety. Available on the e-pill Website at: http://www.epill.com/medtime.html, the Med-Time XL Automatic Pill Dispenser might not be the only such product on the market, but it is one of the most affordable and easy to use.
Posit's InSight Software
WiiFit is a product marketed to the general public that can also be used by seniors to stay fit and healthy. Because many seniors are sedentary and do not get enough exercise, the introduction of fitness technology like Wii into the household can be a boon for overall health and well being. Just as WiiFit can help seniors stay…...
mlaReferences
BigKeys Keyboards. Retrieved online: e-pill. Retrieved online: http://www.epill.com/medtime.html http://www.bigkeys.com/default.asp
Posit Science: InSight. Retrieved online: http://www.positscience.com/our-products/insight
Arthritis elief
According to the latest from WebMD there are a large number of individuals suffering from osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (A) that seek to relieve their symptoms by alternative means including supplements and natural cures touted as the 'latest' in treatment for arthritis sufferers (WebMD, 2011). esearch provided by WebMD shows that not every treatment deserves the recognition it may receive as a cure or as a pain reliever for those sufferers. The website maintained by WebMD provides a comprehensive list of many of the so-called treatments and discusses each ones effectiveness or lack thereof.
Having read through the WebMD material, I made my way to the local nutritional store to interview the person there about the various natural supplements for joint arthritic pain. My objective was to discern how much knowledge the person had, and what he/she would recommend to an elderly individual suffering joint pain associated with arthritis.
I…...
mlaReferences
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2011) Questions and answers: NIH glucosamine/chondroitin arthritis intervention trial primary study, accessed on April 8,
WebMD (2011) Arthritis diets and supplements: Do they work? Accessed at: on April 8, 2011http://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/guide/arthritis-diets-supplements
Freda smith a 64-year woman referred local hospital community Health centre ongoing care. Freda discharged home 2 days ago. She diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis 10 years ago chronic heart failure 5 years ago.
Instructions:
Freda smith is a 64-year-old woman who has been referred by the local hospital to the community Health centre for ongoing care. Freda was discharged home 2 days ago. She was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 10 years ago and chronic heart failure 5 years ago.
She also has a cataract in her left eye which will be removed in 3 months.
During her recent hospital stay she has been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes and commenced on insulin, her regular BGL have been high ranging from 18.5 to 25.6 mmol/L.
Freda lives with her husband John in a 2 bedroom second storey unit.
There is lift access within the building,.John works full time as a builder and Freda works in his business…...
Arthritis is considered as one of the major health conditions affecting a significant portion of the United States population. Even though the condition currently affects approximately 50 million adults in the country, it is not primarily an adulthood health condition. There are numerous cases of children suffering from arthritis, which implies that this condition is not uncommon among children. As a result of the prevalence of arthritis among children and adults, understanding the pathophysiology and symptoms of this condition has emerged as an important component in proper diagnosis and treatment. This paper examines the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in relation to the similarities and differences between the two conditions. The analysis includes a selection of two patient factors that could impact the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.
Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Arthritis is an umbrella term that refers to different conditions involving inflammation of the joints…...
Therapies/Treatments That Can Be Done to Help the Immune System of a Patient 18-55 Diagnosed With Rheumatoid Arthritis
THERAPIES/TREATENTS TO HELP THE IUNE SYSTE OF An 18-55 PATIENT DIAGNOSED WITH RHEUATOID ARTHRITIS
Therapies/treatments that can be done to help the immune system of a patient 18-55 diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Annotated Bibliography
Cem Gabay, A, et al. (2013). Tocilizumab onotherapy vs. Adalimumab onotherapy for the Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis (ADACTA): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Phase 4 Trial.
Using a randomized population involving double-blind, Phase 4 superiority and parallel-group, the study used 76 centers found in different countries including the U.S. The patients used were above 18 years and suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis for the last six months and above. The patients were supposed to have shown intolerance to methotrexate or were not appropriate for a continuation of the treatment using this method. With the random assignment of 1:1, the patients have introduced to tocilizumab…...
mlaMichael Schiff, Michael E. Weinblatt, Robert Valente, Desiree van der Heijde, Gustavo Citera, Ayanbola Elegbe, Michael Maldonado, Roy Fleischmann. (2013). Head-to-head comparison of subcutaneous abatacept versus adalimumab for rheumatoid arthritis: two- year efficacy and safety findings from AMPLE trial. Clinical and epidemiological research Journal. 2013-203843v1, Ann Rheum Dis doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013- 203843
Ritika Khandpur1, Carmelo Carmona-Rivera1, Anuradha Vivekanandan-Giri, Alison Gizinski1, Srilakshmi Yalavarthi, Jason S. Knight, Sean Friday, Sam Li, Rajiv M. Patel, Venkataraman Subramanian, Paul Thompson, Pojen Chen, David A. Fox1, Subramaniam Pennathur and Mariana J. Kaplan. (2013). NETs Are a Source of Citrullinated Autoantigens and Stimulate Inflammatory Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Science Translational Medicine Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 178, pp. 178ra40, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005580
Scott, D. L. (2012). Biologics-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Journal, Vol. 91 No.1 January 2012. doi:10.1038/clpt.2011.278
Yoga is said to have a number of benefits. Whether a person is approaching it as a form of exercise, a type of meditation, or a combination of the two, yoga has documented health benefits in a wide range of applications from cancer to mental health. We have compiled some sample topic sentences for your thesis:
1. The causes and risk factors for Crohn's disease
2. The symptoms and diagnosis of Crohn's disease
3. The impact of Crohn's disease on daily life and quality of life
4. Treatment options for Crohn's disease, including medication, surgery, and lifestyle changes
5. The potential complications and long-term effects of Crohn's disease
6. The role of diet and nutrition in managing Crohn's disease
7. The emotional and psychological effects of living with Crohn's disease
8. The latest research and advancements in the treatment of Crohn's disease
9. The challenges of living with a chronic illness like Crohn's disease
10. Personal stories and experiences of individuals living with Crohn's disease.
11.....
I have an in-depth research-based essay on the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The essay explores the underlying mechanisms of the disease, including the role of the immune system, genetics, and environmental factors. It also discusses the inflammatory processes involved in rheumatoid arthritis and how they lead to joint damage and other symptoms. If you would like to read this essay, please let me know and I can provide it to you.
If you are interested in a more historical approach to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis, I can offer an essay that delves into the evolution of our understanding of the....
Pathophysiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the synovial joints, leading to progressive joint damage and disability. The pathophysiology of RA involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors.
Genetic Susceptibility
Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of RA. The most strongly associated genetic risk factor is the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 gene, particularly the shared epitope alleles (e.g., DRB10401). These alleles are present in approximately 60-70% of RA patients and increase the risk of disease by 20-40 times.
Environmental Triggers
Certain environmental triggers, such as smoking, periodontitis, and exposure to....
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