Evolution may select certain birds that are able to produce mimicking mobbing calls and allow birds able to produce more effective alarm calls to survive, but there is also a neurological learning component from other birds. Also, "unlike children, who can learn any language they are exposed to, the musical language of most birds is somewhat constrained by their genetic heritage. Given a choice of two songs -- their own and that of another, even a closely related species -- they will learn their own. but, if exposed only to the song of another species, they will learn a version of it" (Brody, 1991:1). Thus, birds can develop certain species specific calls, like alarms, but also can within some constraint learn calls that sound the same and are recognizable to other species. Functionality is also an issue, as songs for mating, as discussed by Brody (1991) only have use…...

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Works Cited

Brody, Jane. "Not Just Music, Bird Song Is a Means of Courtship and Defense." The New

York Times. April 9, 1991. [18 Feb 2007]  http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9D0CE7DC1230F93AA35757C0A967958260 

Cully. Jack Jr. "Mobbing Behavior of a Pair of Elegant Trogons." The Condor Society.

Published by the Cooper Ornithological Society, 1986: 103-104.  http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Condor/files/issues/v088n01/p0103-p0104.pdf

Wolf's book, based on a number of scholarly articles she wrote during the last several years, looks at the manner in which women have been portrayed in the Broadway musical, and the references and relevance of those portraits to society's expectations of the time.
EFEENCES

Communication Studies. (2012). etrieved from: http://www.communicationstudies.com/

Cary, S. (2003). A Beginner's Guide to the Scientific Method. New York: Wadsworth.

Cresswell, J. (2003). esearch Design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Ferguson, M. (2010). Choice Feminism and the Fear of Politics. Perspectives on Politics.

8 (1): 247-63.

Gehrke, P. (2009). The Ethics and Politics of Speech: Communications and hetoric in the 20th Century. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press

Hesse-Biber, S., ed. (2011). Handbook of Feminist esearch: Theory and Praxis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications

Leung, K., et.al. (2008). Global Trends in Communication Education and esearch. Boston, MA: Hampton Press.

Levinson, W., et.al. (2010). Developing Physician Communication Skills for Patient Centered Care. Health Affairs. 29 (7): 1310-18.

McCaig,…...

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REFERENCES

Communication Studies. (2012). Retrieved from:  http://www.communicationstudies.com/ 

Cary, S. (2003). A Beginner's Guide to the Scientific Method. New York: Wadsworth.

Cresswell, J. (2003). Research Design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Ferguson, M. (2010). Choice Feminism and the Fear of Politics. Perspectives on Politics.

Animal Senses
Herman, Pack and Hoffman-Kuhnt performed relatively rigorous experiments to determine the source of dolphin recognition of objects; they wanted to discover, among other things, whether "dolphins attained the shape discriminations (of objects) through associative learning or direct perception" (Herman et al. 1998 292). Fukuzawa, Mills and Cooper sought to determine the mechanism by which domestic dogs responded to commands. Greenberg wanted to discover the facts about depth perception in two species of Asian rodents, the Mongolian Gerbil and two varieties of Spiny Mice.

Dolphins

The experiments run by Herman et al. involved a single dolphin, a female named Elele, and were designed to determine whether echolocation or visual cues were central to dolphin recognition of objects that appeared in their environment. The researchers were extremely rigorous in setting up each experiment, avoiding contamination between visual and echolocation fields; the objects used for the dolphin's recognition tests were never available for both…...

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References

Fukuzawa, M.D.S. Mills and J.J. Cooper. (2005) Brief Communication: The effect of human command phonetic characteristics on auditory cognition in dogs (Canis familiaris). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 119(3), 117-130.

Greenberg, G. (1986) Depth perception in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and Spiny Mice (Comys russatus and A. cahirinus). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 100(1), 81-84.

Herman, L.M., A.A. Pack and M. Hoffmann-Kuhnt. (1998) Seeing through sound: Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) perceive the spatial structure of objects through echolocation. Journal of Comparative Psychology 117(3), 292-305.

acism in the United States is often seen as the methodical oppression of African-Americans and other people of color and the related ideology of white supremacy and black inferiority. These two aspects of racism have influenced the U.S. society from the early 1600's until the present (Bohmer 1998). It all comes down to everyone being different and people being unable to accept these differences.
I have often found myself when choosing people to date letting the fact of whether these people had any college education or not influence my decision on who to go out with and who not to. After evaluating that way of thinking, I have come to the realization that this is just silly and that this factor should not be something that I take into the equation when deciding who to go out with.

Task 3

Effective communication occurs mainly at an unconscious level and this is why…...

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Reference List

Bohmer, P., 1998, Marxist Theory of Racism and Racial Inequality, Available at:

 http://academic.evergreen.edu/b/bohmerp/marxracism.htm 

Effective Communication Skills, 2009, Available at:  http://www.maximumadvantage.com/ 

Horton, J, 2008, Why Looking Different Upsets Many People: Evolution, Available at:

B: No you didn't.

A: You just weren't listening.

Nonviolent Communication:

A. The trash still has not been taken out. Would you like to do that?

B. Oh, uh, no but I will if you want me to.

A: Thank you

Prompt (2) Stereotypes:

Stereotyping comes from a deeply rooted survival mechanism for self-protection that helps us to identify friends from foe. It is based in the synthesis of sensory awareness. There are three sub-process of perception that help us to understand what our senses are telling us.

The three sub-processes of perception include subliminal perception, external attention factors, and interpretation.

Impressions lead to an implicit personality theory. Describe.

We develop an implicit personality theory by generalizing about certain traits, or assuming that the presence of one trait necessitates the presence of another trait.

Stereotyping leads to totalizing. Describe Stereotyping leads to totalizing, or the act of blurring out any individual or specific traits. Instead of perceiving the other person as…...

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Reference

Center for Nonviolent Communications. "Founder." Retrieved online:  http://www.cnvc.org/about/marshall-rosenberg.html

But to me, a young woman standing alone on a busy street in a still strange country, the word gaijin changed the tone of this encounter. For the group of teenagers waving and shouting at me, the word gaijin was merely a way of identifying their rare and exciting discovery. For me, a citizen of a country whose history has its share of prejudice and violence, the impersonal identification of me, based solely on my appearance, sounded like the racial and ethnic epithets hurled at Italian immigrants, African-Americans, Asians, Native Americans, Irish immigrants, Jews and millions of other people in the United States.

The word gaijin simply means "foreigner." It is not a derogatory term. But in Italy and the United States, two countries rich with immigrants from all over the world, the act of impersonally identifying a person's racial or ethnic background based solely on the person's appearance, is considered…...

feature of language and why?
The most important key feature of any language is grammar. Grammar provides structure and meaning to sounds. Without a grammatical framework, it is unclear if a word is referring to a noun or an adjective; an adverb or a verb. Even a computer language must have a grammatical construction to be read and to be comprehensible. Many words between different languages sound very similar (such as Latin and Portuguese, for example) but without grammatical rules the distinctions in use between those sounds is unclear. Grammar also is part of the social 'situation' of a language. For a language to be effective, it cannot exist in a vacuum. "No commonly-spoken language is fixed. All languages change over time. What we call 'grammar' is simply a reflection of a language at a particular time" (What is grammar, 2014, English Club). Over time certain grammatical rules may become…...

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References

Factors that influence the acquisition of a second language. (2014). ESL. Retrieved from:

 http://esl.fis.edu/teachers/support/factors.htm 

Language learning by adults. (2013). Linguistics 201. Retrieved from:  http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test4materials/secondlangacquisition.htm 

What is grammar? (2014). English Club. Retrieved from:  http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/grammar-what.htm

He is concerned that as the social sciences increasingly becomes more quantified, they loffer less understanding into the concepts behind symbols. This is especially of concern, since symbols have played such an important role throughout history. Duncan gives examples of symbol misunderstandings such as: confusion of the symbolic and subjective, failure to study symbolic forms, and sociologists' inability to use non-mechanistic models. Even worse, there is no agreement between scholars on how to define the concept of symbol nor explain the ambiguity of symbols. Is this lack of definitive agreement the reason why people perceive reality differently? Does this lead to misunderstandings and a failure to communicate?
Berger and Luckmann. Social construction.

QUESTION: Berger and Luckman state that society is a human product. Can it also be the product of lower animals? Recently, it was shown that chimpanzees actually are capable of culture or the passing of knowledge from one generation…...

animal species studied for this report include the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) and the American lack ear (Ursus americanus). The plant species studied are the Venus Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) and the Prickly Pear cactus (Opuntia humifusa). Each of these species has been observed at the local zoo, and further research has been conducted to learn about the environment in which each species would live in a natural setting. The behavior which have been observed within the zoo have also been combined with the noted behaviors of these species from a natural setting to give a more complete range of information. From this study, I have learned that there are many similarities between the behavior that can be observed in both plants and animals in a captive setting and their natural behavior. However, there are also many notable differences, based largely on to what degree the zoological habitat varies from…...

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Bibliography

ContiE et al. "Wolf." Wikipedia. March 2004.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf 

Hilty, John. "Eastern Prickly Pear." Insect Visitors of Prairie Wildflowers in Illinois. 2003.  http://www.shout.net/~jhilty/plantx/prickly_pearx.htm 

Marshman, et al. "Opuntia." Wikipedia. March, 2004.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prickly_pear 

Naddy, et al. "American Black Bear." Wikipedia. March, 2004.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_bear

communication?
In general, communication refers to the sharing of ideas by transmitting those ideas from at least one individual to at least one other individual. Communication can involve several different mediums: it includes verbal transmission of ideas, visual transmission of ideas, and it can involve both deliberate and unintentional or even unconscious transmission of ideas. Communication is not necessarily limited to same species either: individuals from different species often communicate using postures, mannerisms, and sounds that are universally associated with particular concepts, such as aggression and dominance or submission and fear, among many others.

What is the purpose of communication?

Communication has many different purposes. Most generally, it is intended to allow another individual to understand the state of mind of another individual. That state of mind may include myriad different ideas such as aggression, non-aggression, interest, non-interest, possessiveness over resources, and even deception, such as in the case of certain species…...

c) I would avoid something obviously inappropriate like wearing pyjamas to K-Mart or things like that. I would also avoid wearing ill-fitting clothes or clothes that are inappropriate for the environment. I would not wear my jogging sweats to a church function, for example. At the same time, I would not wear my Sunday best simply to go out for some KFC and fries. Wearing wildly inappropriate clothes in any situation would create the impression that I do not care enough about myself or what I am doing to think about what I wear.
3.

Cornelius LaPide appears to be saying that all a person is in his or her heart can be seen in the face and eyes; even those who deceive others about this cannot hide the truth consistently from appearing on their faces. I agree with this. The mouth and eyes are, for me, the most expressive parts…...

Society Feels About Animals
As a first order primate, humans have a natural affinity with animals of all types that has contributed to their mutual relationships throughout history. In fact, animals of different types have been since the time of the ancient Greeks to improve the emotional and functional status of humans (Mccauley, 2006, p. 358). Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has grown in popularity in recent years based on its proven efficacy in treating a wide range of healthcare and mental health conditions. Although dogs and cats are most commonly used in AAT settings, horses, rabbits and even fish can also be used. For instance, according to Macauley, "The use of animals ranges from companion animals that provide camaraderie and emotional support to assistance animals that provide direct physical-functional support to therapy animals that aid with the habilitation-rehabilitation in physical, occupational, speech-language, and recreation therapy" (2006, p. 358). Moreover, some researchers…...

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References

Becker, D. (2013, August 26). "Four-Legged Therapy for Military Veterans with PTSD."

Healthy Pets. [online] available:   / archive/2013/0.http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets 

Bleich, A. (2004, October 1). "Mental Disability." The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related

Sciences, 41(4), 235-237.

media equation theory and its applications. The author of this paper uses the movie The Truman Show to develop an understanding for the reader of what the Media Equation Theory is and how it can be applied to media examples such as the movie. There were six sources used to complete this paper. The paper is in MLA format.
MEDIA THEORY IN PRACTICE

The technological explosion of the last three decades has taken us to places we never dreamed before were possible. ith each passing year, the technology becomes more linked to human thought and emotions than ever before. Today, there are studies being conducted worldwide to understand the phenomena of people treating their media tools in the same manner that their human interactions are treated. For several years, the habits and protocol of people who work with these questions have been narrowly defined by the rigid demands of research protocol.…...

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WORKS CITED

Reeves, Byron. Nass. Clifford. The Media Equation: How People Treat Computers, Television, and New Media Like Real People and Places (C SLI Publications 1997)

This source was a major source for the paper in that it explains the theory itself as well as applies it to several real life media scenarios. The highlights detail the belief of the authors tht we are becoming more ingrained with media tools than ever before and assigning them human like qualities.

Luskin, Bernard J., Toward an understanding of media psychology. (educational CDs) (Technology Information). Vol. 23, THE Journal (Technological Horizons In Education), 02-01-1996, pp 82(3).

This source was a solid source of information for the paper. Its highlights included the discussion of media psychology and the way humans today, interact and feel about their media tools. Many of the facts presented in the paper dovetail with the belief we are integrating more and more with media as if it has feelings, intellect and emotions. The source was viable for the foundational explanation of the theory itself.

Pooch Pantry - Unit VII - Communications, Sponsorship, and New Products
Communications Channels

The communications objectives for the firm and the product will impact on the way the messages are created and the channels used to make those communications. The communications objectives may be divided into two main categories; the retailers who the firm will want to stock the product, and the consumers who will be the end users.

The communication to the consumers may be argued as most important, as this will impact directly on consumers' knowledge and intention to purchase. etailers will also consider the marketing support that is provided by the firm, as they will want to stock products that are likely to sell, so they can use their shelf space effectively (Kotler & Keller, 2011)

Looking first at the consumer marketing the initial objectives will be to create product and brand awareness, so that consumers know what the product is…...

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References

Brennan, J, (2014), IBISWorld Industry Report 45391, Pet Stores in the U.S., IBISWorld

Egan, J, (2007), Marketing Communication, Cengage Learning

Kotler Philip; Keller Kevin, (2011), Marketing Management, Prentice Hall

Raab, Gerhard; Goddard, G; Jason; Riad Ajami A; Unger Alexander, (2010), The Psychology of Marketing, Gower

The communication aid would need to be durable so that Darmoth could not accidentally break it (he is not always very gentle with his "toys" and often does not realize his own strength) as well as easily portable so that he could carry it around with him. Perhaps having the tool be connected to a strap that kept it "hands free" when he is moving around would be ideal. It would have to be simple enough for him to learn how to operate, but also have a wide range of functions. The device must be able to translate Darmoth's thoughts into something that others -- even those who are not specifically trained -- can understand. The evaluation of a specialist would be extremely helpful so that the best kind of tool can be identified for Darmoth's needs.

The first step I would take in convincing the administration that an outside evaluation…...

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Bibliography

Abilitytech. (2004) Abilitytech: Computer Special Needs Solutions. Retrieved on November 12, 2004 at http://www.abilitytech.com.au/.

ATRC. (2004) Adaptive Technology Research Centre. University of Toronto. Retrieved on November 12, 2004 at  http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/ .

Cook, Albert & Hussey, Susan (2002) Assistive Technologies: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO. Mosby. ISBN 0-323-00643-4

CAC. (2004) Speech and Language Therapy Department. Communication Aid Centre. Retrieved on November 12, 2004 at http://www.cacfrenchay.nhs.uk/cac_hist.htm.