Ancient ome
What exactly is so very fascinating and interesting about the struggle between the two very closely matched adversaries of ome and Carthage is how very close Carthage came to victory and acclaim, despite being quite completely outnumbered on the scale of one to ten by the omans. Even more interesting and impressive is the fact that all the most important engagements were actually fought on Italian soil, except for the last and final one, and as a matter of fact, Carthage was actually sending her own paid mercenaries to fight against some of the finest and bets trained and better equipped citizen soldiers in the entire world at the time, the army of oman soldiers. ome in fact desired to expand towards the South, whereas Carthage desired to expand towards the North and the most beautiful and exquisite Sicily was in the way. Finally, it was in the year…...

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REFERENCES

"Encyclopedia of the Orient, Hannibal" Retrieved From

Accessed 20 September, 2005http://i-cias.com/e.o/hannibal.htm

"Encyclopedia of the Orient, Punic Wars" Retrieved From

http://lexicorient.com/cgi-bin/eo-direct-frame.pl-http://i-cias.com/e.o/punic_wr.htm

ANCIENT ROME--DEFINITIONS
CONSTANTINE: The emperor Constantine has rightly been called the most important emperor of Late Antiquity. His powerful personality laid the foundations of post-classical European civilization; his reign was eventful and highly dramatic. His victory at the Milvian Bridge counts among the most decisive moments in world history, while his legalization and support of Christianity and his foundation of a 'New Rome' at Byzantium rank among the most momentous decisions ever made by a European ruler. The fact that ten Byzantine emperors after him bore his name may be seen as a measure of his importance and of the esteem in which he was held.

CHARLEMAGNE: Also known as Charles the Great; born on April 2, 742 A.D. in Northern Europe. "By the sword and the cross," he became master of Western Europe. Through his enlightened leadership, the roots of learning and order were restored to Medieval Europe. In 768, when…...

Introduction
Ancient Rome is the Roman Civilization founded in 8th Century BC in the ancient city of Rome. Ancient Rome succeeded the Western Roman Empire which fell in the 5th Century AD. Before it fell, the Western Roman Empire comprised of the Roman kingdom, the Roman Empire and the Roman republic. Ancient Rome simply refers to the great kingdom and the republic period which replaced the subsequent that Western Roman Empire (Adkins et al., 45).
Civilization of the Ancient Rome began in the 8th Century in a small town in central Italy. The town was located in the casts of central Italy’s River, Tiber. The town then later grew into a massive empire which constituted most of the Europe, Western Asia, Britain, North Africa and the Mediterranean islands (Carcopino, 13). The dominance of ancient Rome is known for many legacies the most common being the widespread use of the Roman languages e.g.,…...

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Works Cited

Adkins, Lesley, and Roy A. Adkins. Handbook to life in ancient Rome. New York, NY: InfoBase publishing, 2014. 450. Print.

Carcopino, Jerome. Daily Life in Ancient Rome-The People and the City at the Height of the Empire. Read Books Ltd, 2013.

Platner, Samuel Ball. A topographical dictionary of ancient Rome. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015. 688. Print.

Rome EP 9/10
Rome: A brief study of life and politics in ancient Rome

In the first season of Rome, the audience is introduced to Lucius Vorenus and Titus Pullo, two Roman soldiers whose lives intertwine with the historic events that transpire in the series. The ninth episode of the first season, "Utica," helps to depict the striation between the classes that was present at the time. In the tenth episode, "Triumph," insight is given into the importance of a Triumph and how culture, politics, and religion are reflected in the event.

"Utica" allows the viewer to see how classes were separated and how their lives differed from each other. In the series, classes are divided as the upper class or nobility, the plebes, and freemen and slaves. The representatives of the upper class in this episode include Julius Caesar, Attia of the Julii, Gaius Octavian, Octavia of the Julii, Marcus Junius Brutus,…...

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Works Cited

"Triumph." Rome: Season One. Writ. Adrian Hodges. Dir. Alan Taylor. HBO, 2005. DVD.

"Uttica." Rome: Season One. Writ. Alexandra Cunningham. Dir. Jeremy Podeswa. HBO, 2005.

DVD.

omen in Ancient Rome
hat was the role -- or roles -- of women in ancient Rome? There are a number of sources in the literature that point to a wide variety of interesting and sometimes humiliating roles and positions that women were linked to in Ancient Rome, and this paper reviews several of those.

omen in Ancient Rome -- The Literature

has researched and reported on a number of interesting instances of women's positions and activities in ancient Rome. In his book, McKeown quotes from Cicero's work, In Defense of Murena 27): "Our ancestors wanted all women to be under the control of guardians because of their feeble powers of judgment" (McKeown, 2010, p. 8).

Certainly there was rampant chauvinism in ancient Rome, and any chance that male power figures had to continue on the path of bias against women, they seemed to be able to succeed. However, there are examples in ancient…...

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Works Cited

Bauman, Richard A. (1994). Women and Politics in Ancient Rome. London, UK: Psychology

Press.

McGeough, Kevin M. (2009). The Romans: An Introduction. New York: Oxford University

Press.

Roman aths of Ancient Rome
While majority of contemporary cultures view bathing as a private activity that should only be carried out in the confines of a home, for ancient Romans, it was a social event. aths, a common feature of Roman cities at the time, were used for bathing and relaxing, often in huge bath complexes. Although most people would go to public baths to get clean, the bath complexes also included various rooms that offered different temperatures, reading facilities, swimming pools, restaurants and other entertainment facilities[footnoteRef:1]. In fact, people would watch a juggler, an acrobatic gymnast, and listen to a poem recital or a musician while they bathed[footnoteRef:2] . [1: Kubesh, Katie, McNeil, Niki and ellotto, Kim, Ancient Rome, (Coloma, MI: HOCPP, 2007), 23] [2: Kubesh, Niki and ellotto, Ancient Rome, 22]

In their original state, bath complexes contained dozens of columns of varying sizes, which were fashioned with marble…...

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Bibliography

Fagan, Garrett, Bathing in Public in the Roman World, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, 2002.

Kubesh, Katie, McNeil, Niki and Bellotto, Kim, Ancient Rome, Coloma, MI: HOCPP, 2007.

Pictures retrieved 15 April 2015 from:  http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/bathbaths/bathbaths.html

IRTH CINTROL AND Self-INDUCED AORTIONS IN ANCIENT
irth Control and Self-Induced abortions in Ancient Rome

The approach of having an abortion, the extinction of a pregnancy so that a baby is not born goes all the way back to ancient times. Pregnancies were ended through a number of approaches, and that does include the application of abort made herbs, the handling of extremely sharp tools, the necessity of putting pressure on the abdominal and other methods. During the course of a lot of years people were eager to do whatever they could to make sure fertility did not happen and prevent pregnancies (McLaren, 1990, pg. 30-45). Although in the ancient times people had remarkably little or no impact how women got pregnant, there were many instruments and several birth management approaches that people participated in many ancient groups to make sure that there were no babies. Lots of these approaches had nothing…...

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Bibliography

E., N.H. (1963). The Medical History of Contraception. New York: Gamut Press.

McLaren, A. (1990). A History of Contraception from Antiquity to the Present Day. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell Ltd.

Riddle, J.M. (1992). Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Metropolitan Museum of Art boasts a huge and thorough collection spanning the globe and different time periods, such as the art of ancient Greece and Rome. The collection of art from ancient Greece and Rome at the Metropolitan Museum of Art spans millennia. Remarkably, some of the earlier pieces in the collection date from Neolithic times, thousands of years before the pinnacle of Hellenic civilization. The newest pieces in the collection are those from the time of the late Roman Empire, after its contact with Christianity. The collection also spans vast geographic regions from the territories covered by the ancient Greek and Roman empires.
The collection is massive, but it is possible to view it all in the course of an hour or two. I was drawn to this exhibit area in particular because of the lack of crowds, and especially the stunning architectural details in this area of the…...

Imperial Rome and Han China were among the most influential and powerful regimes of their time, and their influences continue to reverberate through history. These two imperial dynastic powers were built upon territorial expansion and colonialist principles. Although they used different methods of governance and had different ideologies, Rome and Han China shared much in common. Both depended on internal peace and stability, brought about less via use of force than via the implementation of robust trade networks that promoted orderliness and prosperity. Both were patriarchal societies with bureaucratic institutions, but the Han system of social and political organization was rooted in the philosophical underpinnings of Confucianism; ancient Rome had no overarching theory, only pragmatism, guiding its practice. Finally, both empires dissolved due to largely the same reasons: the hubris of over-expansionism. Imperialist Rome and Han China both expanded their territorial powers via the use of cultural imperialism and the…...

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Works Cited

“Han Dynasty China And Imperial Rome, 300 BCE–300 CE.” Worlds Together, Worlds Apart. W.W. Norton.

Scheidel, Walter. Rome and China. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.

http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/worlds-together-worlds-apart3/ch/07/summary.aspx

1 Study in Europe
The University I would like to study in is Sapienza University of Romain Rome, Italy. Sapienza University was founded in more than 600 years ago in 1303 (Sapienza University of Rome, 2018). The founder was Pope oniface VIII. As such, it is one of the very oldest universities in the world today. Sapienza was also the first pontifical university. After more than a century of operation, Pope Eugene IV expanded the curriculum offered at the university so that there was a school of law, medicine, philosophy and theology. The university did not get its name of Sapienza, which means wisdom until the 1650s (Di Simone, 1980). In 1870, the university ceased to be the papal university and became the University of Rome. Today it is recognized as one of the top universities in Southern Europe (Academic Ranking of World Universities,…...

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Bibliography

Academic Ranking of World Universities. (2018). Retrieved from

Alexandrian University Library. (2018). Retrieved from

https://alessandrina.librari.beniculturali.it/?en/1/home

Di Simone, Maria Rosa (1980). La sapienza romana nel Settecento (in Italian). Roma:

Edizioni dell\\\\\\\'Ateneo.

Foundation Year. (2018). Retrieved from

https://www.uniroma1.it/en/pagina/foundation-year-sapienza-university-romehttp://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2016.html

Ancient Rome and the Events of the Late Republic (end of the Republic), you will create a timeline of major events that led to the end of the Republic. Your timeline should have at least 7 events.
200 CE: The rise of populist or democratic sentiments and political philosophy. Rome was not a democracy, although it was a Republic. By the 2nd century CE, populist tribunes started to make waves on the Roman political scene. These populist tribunes were mirrored by the uprisings by local governments and communities in Roman-acquired territories throughout the vast empire. With such a vast empire, and such a relatively weak method of centralized governance, it became increasingly impossible to achieve harmony and authoritative rule. It was not as if Rome usurped idyllic ways of life, so much as populist leaders did recognize the need to start "reclaiming public land and putting landless poor citizens back on…...

The Roman people regarded themselves as highly religious. They linked their success as a powerful force in the world to their cordial relations with the gods. The victory by the Romans was essentially a religious occasion in which the generals exhibited their piety and zeal to serve society by dedicating a fraction of their fortunes to the gods. Jupiter was particularly called to attention in such circumstances because he was the god of justice in leadership. Following the Punic wars fought between 264 BC and 146 BC in which Rome fought hard to assert its power as a dominating authority, magistrates built many temples in honor of a deity who they depended on to guarantee success in the war (Religion in ancient Rome) (Roman mythology).
How Ancient Rome Practiced Religion

Ancient Romans recognized and offered prayer too many gods and goddesses. Some of the gods were of Roman origin but many more…...

" (New Standard Encyclopedia, 1986) There were two classes of people in ancient Rome, specifically those who were the patricians, or landowners and the plebeians who were poor farmers and those who worked in the city as well as those who had gained citizenship.
III. BEST RESENTATIVE of the GOOD SIDE of ROME

The emperor Marcus Aurelius who is remembered for his excellent form of a working government is stated to have passed away during the year of 180 a.D. during a war with the tribes of the Danube River, who were viscous tribes. The government was broke and the countrymen of Rome were sick from the plagues that had been infecting the land. The son of Marcus Aurelius, Commodus was spoiled and loved pleasure. Under the rule of Commodus, the government was poorly run and the result is that Rome is stated to have fallen into decay.

IV. RULE by the 'CROSS'…...

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Works Cited

Charlemagne (2006) Lucid Cafe Website. Online available at http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96apr/charlemagne.html.

Rome (1986) New Standard Encyclopedia. Standard Educational Corporation Chicago, Illinois.

Durrant, Will (nd) a Story of Civilization. Online available at http://www.chronique.com/Library/MedHistory/charlemagne.htm

Ancient Roman History

For example, in the United States, the Civil War occurred less than 150 years ago, and yet different historians provide conflicting perspectives about the causes of the war, why it was lost, and the consequences of the war for America's history. Moreover, it was only after the Civil War and the end of slavery that one began to see widespread, reliable publication about various slave rebellions that had occurred in the antebellum South. This is interesting, because it makes one wonder if that information would be available or suppressed had the war ended differently. Moreover, the vast majority of Americans are unaware that some northern states were slaveholding states. Furthermore, when one looks at the number of Holocaust deniers, despite the overwhelming physical evidence and documentation regarding the Holocaust, one can see how intentional misrepresentation can play a role in history; there are entire countries that believe it is…...

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References

Cornell, T.J. 2005. "The Value of the Literary Tradition Concerning Archaic Rome," in K.A. Raaflaub (ed) Social Struggles in Archaic Rome. New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders, 47-74. 2nd ed, Malden, MA.

Forsythe, G. 2005. A Critical History of Early Rome. From Prehistory to the First Punic War. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London. 1-5; 59-77.

Livy, Books 1-10 (trans. de Selincourt, a. 1960. Livy. The Early History of Rome. London and New York). [Scott reserve DG 207 L5 D35 1960 or online at  http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Livy/ ]

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities (trans. Cary, E. 1937-50. The Roman Antiquities of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. 7 vols. Cambridge, MA. [Scott PA 3611 L63 D562 or online at  http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/home.html ]

Ancient Greek urban planning dates its glory to Pericles. Temple architecture sourced in a precedent civilization, the Minoan of Crete, is actually reflective of palace architecture from that society's maritime city-state, Knossos (de la Croix, H. And Tansey).
The Greek civis was largely informed by astronomy; influencing everything from temple design to the order of the public City-State. 'Archaeoastronomical' patterns beginning with the Geometric through the final Hellenistic period in Greece reveal sophistication in calculation synonymous to solar alignment. This perspective fits with what is known about the star gazing cult practices found in the archaeological record (Belmonte). Sacred objects further this theory, and there remain a significant number of votive statuary stored at temple sites. Votive offerings were left by devotees of that particular cult, including weapons, helmets, and even statues. The interior of the temple, known as the cella, was often decorated with columns and most used for…...

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Works Cited

Belmonte, Juan Antonio. From the Atlas to the Caucasus: The Other Side of the Mediterranean Before Islam. Archaeoastronomy 15.(2000): 78.

de la Croix, H. And Tansey, R.G. Gardner's: Art Through the Ages. New York, NY: Harcourt and Brace, 1980.

Dimock, Wai Chee. The Egyptian Pronoun: Lyric, Novel, the Book of the Dead. New Literary History 39.3 (2008): 619-643.

Maddison, Angus. The Contours of World Development. The World Economy, OECD, 2010.. Web.

"Spartacus" challenged social and political norms of its time in several ways:

1. The film depicted themes of slavery and rebellion, shedding light on the oppressive systems of class and hierarchy that were prevalent during the time of ancient Rome. By highlighting the brutality and injustice of slavery, the film encouraged audiences to question and challenge the societal norms that allowed for such exploitation to exist.

2. "Spartacus" also challenged traditional gender roles by portraying strong and independent female characters such as Varinia, who defied societal expectations and fought alongside the male gladiators. This was a groundbreaking representation of women in film....

Factors Contributing to the Wrong Destruction Time for Pompeii
The traditional belief that Pompeii was destroyed on August 24, 79 AD is now considered incorrect. Recent research indicates that the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius occurred around October 24, 79 AD. Several factors contributed to the wrong destruction time.
1. Misinterpretation of Historical Sources:
The primary historical source for the destruction of Pompeii is a letter from Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus. In this letter, Pliny states that the eruption began "on the ninth day before the Kalends of September," which roughly translates to August 24. However, scholars now believe that....