Adulthood
Would you agree that becoming an adult is best explained using the emerging adulthood approach? What makes you agree or disagree with this statement?

One of the first problems that emerges with Arnett's emerging adulthood theory (2000) is his use of the slight historical shift in the age of first marriages as evidence of some new developmental period from adolescence to adulthood. Many others have brought attention to this shift in a similar vein; however, the figures are not as dramatic as these theorists suggest. First, according to U.S. census information the median age of the first marriage for males in 1890 was 26.0 years old and for females it was 22.0 years old. There is a steady increase in this age for first marriage up through the year 2010 when the median age for men is 28.2 and for women it is 26.1years of age (U.S. Bureau of the Census,…...

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References

Ackrill, J.L. (2010). Essays on Plato and Aristotle. New York: Oxford University Press.

Arnett, J.J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55, 469-480.

Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.

Euling, S.Y., Selevan, S.G., Pescovitz, O.H., & Skakkebaek, N.E. (2008). Role of environmental factors in the timing of puberty. Pediatrics 121(S3), S167-S171.

Interactions with peers are one way a person creates or enhances a self-concept. How Jean reacted to social strife or conflict in her environment predicted her reactions to future situations. In addition to her interactions with peers, culture has an enormous impact on Jean's development. Jean has soaked up her self-concept partly from the media but also from peer and parental influences. Jean's parents provided her with a foundation set of values, beliefs, and methods of ethical reasoning.
Several social psychological theories apply to developmental psychology. Social identity theory, observational learning, attribution theory, and the theory of social schemas can all help explain Jean's unique developmental path. Although not overly impacted by the theories of social identity, Jean noted shifting her social affiliations frequently throughout her adolescence. One of the features she notices emerging in herself is less of a tendency to create in-group boundaries. At the same time, Jean…...

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References

Huitt, W. (2004). Observational (social) learning: An overview. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved [date], at  http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/soccog/soclrn..html 

Schema." (nd) Changing Minds.org. retrieved Nov 18, 2008 at  http://changingminds.org/explanations/theories/schema.htm 

Schema Theory of Learning." (1998). Retrieved Nov 18, 2008 from  http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/ImplementALiteracyProgram/SchemaTheoryOfLearning.htm 

Social Identity Theory." (2004). Universiteit Twente. Retrieved Nov 18, 2008 at http://www.tcw.utwente.nl/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20clusters/Interpersonal%20Communication%20and%20Relations/Social_Identity_Theory.doc

Adulthood and Death Issues
Introduction to Contemporary Issues about Aging and Death

One of the most important social benefits of modern society is the dramatic increase in life expectancy over the last century, particularly in the developed nations. At the turn of the 20th century, life expectancy was barely 60 years or age; less than a century before that, it was approximately 50 years of age (Henslin, 2005; Macionis, 2006). Today, people routinely live into their late 80 or 90s. This change is also associated with various related issues that rarely came up in prior eras of human history. Whereas individuals typically retired in their 50s a century ago (if they could afford to at all, that is), today it is not uncommon at all to continue working well into advanced age or even to begin second or third careers during what used to be considered "retirement age" (Henslin, 2005; Macionis,…...

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Reference

Henslin, J.M. (2005). Essentials of Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach. Boston:

Allyn and Bacon.

Macionis, J.J. (2006). Sociology. Hoboken, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Schaefer, R.T. (2006). Racial and Ethnic Groups. New York: Harper Collins.

adulthood death individual a culmination life span developmental process.
Transitioning

Death and dying is an intrinsic part of life, and the culmination of a life cycle that begins with conception. There are several various stages related to death and dying, such as preserving one's health and wellness, dealing with various facets of ageism, as well as examining cultural attitudes and varying viewpoints of the dying process from different points in history.

Health and Wellness

The primary way of mitigating the effects of aging on the body, mind and spirits of people is to actively promote an awareness of health and wellness. Quite simply, people must take care of their bodies. A key facet of doing so is to have a trusted physician and to go on regular checkups. In addition to keeping in contact with a doctor, individuals should make certain changes to their diet to reflect the varying needs that their body…...

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References

Berger, K.S. (2008). The developing person through the life span (7th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.

Farid, S., Farid, Hany. (no date). "A brief history of ancient Egyptian tombs." Csdartmouth.edu. Retrieved from  http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/farid/Hany_Farid/Egypt_History.html

On the point, Lachman & James indicate that an emphasis in "middle age is on separating from one's family of origin (though still remaining in connection), becoming intimate with a partner, developing skills in work, and rearing children. The emphasis in later middle age is on facilitation of others and the responsible use of power." (Lachman & James, p. 21)
Functioning in Late Adulthood

Evaluate this question: Is new cognitive development possible during late adulthood?

How could you use your answer in the pursuit of your anticipated career (clinical psychologist) direction for yourself and for others?

Though the subject will generally be in a state of cognitive decline with the onset of later adulthood, there are ways to stimulate new cognitive development. From the perspective of a clinical psychologist, this development must be stimulated through a clearer understanding of how older adults reason and retrieve information. According to Gates (2006), this is done…...

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Works Cited:

Bastable, S.B. (2008). Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice. Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Cantu, E. (2010). Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development. University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College.

Crawford, K. (2009). Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood. Metropolitan State College of Denver.

Gates, R.C. (2006). Late Adulthood-Cognitive Development. RCGates.com.

2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of an individual or social perspective on adult learning? Is one more relevant than another in certain contexts? In many respects, the strengths and weaknesses of both individual and social perspectives are primarily functions of overemphasis to the exclusion of other considerations that are equally relevant to the effectiveness and appropriateness of adult learning. Quite obviously, an overly narrow focus on the individual perspective neglects other equally relevant factors including, but hardly limited to, social perspective.

However, excessive focus on the individual perspective, as pointed out in the article, also represents potential misinterpretation of the degree to which individual factor are responsible for the optimal learning environment and method with respect to certain individuals. As illustrated in the article, individuals who seem to fit the "mold" of those who are anticipated to require a learning approach dictated by individual considerations may respond to entirely…...

In the later stages of middle age, and especially in their 60s, those I observed appeared somewhat slower, although even at this age most seemed perfectly capable of dealing with the physical demands of shopping. Here and there was a person who seemed to be in his or her sixties, experiencing somewhat slow movement. These people were, however, in the minority. Most people within the middle age group wore glasses. I was unable to get close enough to see any hearing aids among the age group. This is in keeping with the finding that minor adjustments, such as reading glasses, would be enough to maintain a normal lifestyle. Hearing aids would seldom be necessary, since only high pitched sounds become inaudible to those in their later middle age.
In terms of psychology, most people in the middle age group seemed to be accompanied by either a spouse or partner. Most…...

Transition Into Late Adulthood
Late Adulthood

Grade Course

While at one hand an old man in his 60s would cherish the past years of his life sharing experiences about college sports, dating spots and holiday fun, an elderly woman would act grumpy showing discontent on every dish being served at a dinner. Such scenarios are commonly noticed in day-to-day life which surrounds people in their late adulthood; a period in 60s where according to Erik Erikson (1963), individuals aim at finding satisfaction in their lives instead of becoming disillusioned. Hence, the transition to late adulthood is a time marked with physical, social and emotional challenges which are usually faced by almost every person.

Life is divided into different phases where a child eventually grows up and is faced by the reality of life. With time, he has school, parties and fast food revolving around him when suddenly this is replaced with moving away from…...

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References

Bennett, T. (2001). Understanding Everyday Life, Oxford: Blackwell

Carstense, L.L, Isaacowitz, D. & Charles, S.T. (2003). Life-span personality development and emotion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Erikson, E. (1963). Childhood and society (2nd ed.). New York: Norton

Fry, P.S & Debats, D.L. (2009). Perfectionism and the five-factor personality traits as predictors of mortality in older adults. Journal of Health Psychology, vol. 14 (4).

Young adults are on the threshold between youthful behaviors and the adult world. Humans in their late teens begin to accept responsibilities for their own lives and learn to depend upon themselves financially, socially, and psychologically. This is also the time when they make life choices which will ultimately shape their futures and the people they eventually become. Renowned theorist Daniel Levinson defines adult development in the age between 17 and 33 as the novice phase, because this is the point where the young person takes on new responsibilities in the same way as an amateur or novice in a specific occupational field. According to theorist Erik Erikson:
In this stage, the most important events are love relationships. Intimacy refers to one's ability to relate to another human being on a deep, personal level. An individual who has not developed a sense of identity usually will fear a committed relationship and…...

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Works Cited

Advocates for Youth. (2008). Growth and development, ages 18 and over -- what parents need to know. Retrieved from  http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/parents/157?task=view 

Beaty, L. (2002). Developmental counseling: the young adult period. Critical Issues in Young

Adult Development.

Beck, M. (2012). Delayed development: 20-somethings blame the brain. The Wall Street

Grandparents might still cook every night for their adult sons! The extended, tight-knit family is highly valued in that culture, I can see now, and living with family is not a sign of immaturity but a cultural practice. Similarly, America's own culture has shifted and changed with economic circumstances. I might not agree or like all of the new changes that have brought about this current 'extended adolescence' but now I can better understand why it has arisen, at this time in our nation's history.
Before the industrial revolution, people might remain on the family farm with their extended family from the time they lived until they died. This was hardly a sign of weakness, rather it was required for individuals to survive. When I was younger, jobs were far easier to find, and social standards were different than they are today. There was also less emphasis on finding yourself,…...

ADULTHOOD CHALLENGES ADULTHOOD CHALLENGES 3Challenges of Adulthood: Emerging AdulthoodAdulthood is associated with a fair share of challenges. This assignment focuses on the challenges that young people face in one phase of adulthood - emerging adulthood the age between 18 and 25, where one has to make crucial decisions about marriage, career, employment, housing, and so on (Sulimani-Aidan, 2017). Sources identify this as the nest-leaving stage, where young people acquire the experience and skills to take on adult responsibilities (Sulimani-Aidan, 2017).Common challenges in the emerging adulthood phase include financial shortages as one has to provide everything for themself, yet they may not have stable employment; complex family relationships especially when one has to spend a lot in supporting their familys material needs; and lack of awareness about suitable interventions or services that could be beneficial to them (Sulimani-Aidan, 2017). Such challenges could be risk factors for stress among young people,…...

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References

Leipold, B., Munz, M., & Mitchele-Malkowsky, A. (2018). Coping and Resilience in the Transition to Adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 7(1), 12-20.

Sulimani-Aidan, Y. (2017). Barriers and Resources in Transition to Adulthood among At-risk Young Adults. Children and Youth Services Review, 77(1), 147-52.

Tremolda, M., Bonichini, S., & Taverna, S. (2016). Coping Strategies and Perceived Social Support in Adolescents and Young Adults: Predictive Model of Self-Reported Cognitive and Mood Problems. Psychology, 7(14), 1858-71.

Difficulty in Adulthood in Individuals that were Sexually-Abused as Children
Introduction to Sexual Abuse in Children

Sexually-abused children commonly develop problems that persist into adulthood. Child sexual abuse has come to be regarded as a cause of mental health problems in adult life. The influences of child sexual abuse on interpersonal, social and sexual functioning in adult life has only recently attracted attention. esearch into child sexual abuse was initiated by the self-disclosures of adults who publicly admitted to their abuse as children. These victims, predominantly women, often attributed personal difficulties to their sexual abuse as children.

Early research into the effects of child sexual abuse frequently employed groups of adult psychiatric patients (Jones, 1974), which further reinforced the emergence of an adult-focused psychiatric discourse about child sexual abuse. The manner in which child sexual abuse has been brought to the public's eye and the nature of the advocacy movement which placed child…...

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References

Arias, I. (2004). The legacy of child maltreatment: long-term health consequences for women. J Womens Health (Larchmt), 13(5), 468-473.

Brodsky, B.S., Oquendo, M., Ellis, S.P., Haas, G.L., Malone, K.M., & Mann, J.J. (2001). The relationship of childhood abuse to impulsivity and suicidal behavior in adults with major depression. Am J. Psychiatry, 158(11), 1871-1877.

Coffey, P., Leitenberg, H., Henning, K., Turner, T., & Bennett, R.T. (1996). The relation between methods of coping during adulthood with a history of childhood sexual abuse and current psychological adjustment. J Consult Clin Psychol, 64(5), 1090-1093.

Cole, P.M., & Putnam, F.W. (1992). Effect of incest on self and social functioning: a developmental psychopathology perspective. J Consult Clin Psychol, 60(2), 174-184.

Identity in Emerging Adulthood
Identity

Title an exploration of employment selection behaviors and the link to identity development.

Area of study

This study considers the employment selection behaviors of emerging adults. Employment selection is a critical element of the development process. It influences and structures the ability to take care of oneself in the present and the future. However, more significantly employment is an indicator of independence and display of the ability to commit to a usually a long-term experience. Independence and commitment are skills that in adulthood can establish the way in which one lives. In this framework, employment can be viewed as one of the indicators that reflect an individual's development in these areas. This is beyond the individuals self-perception that they are not adults (Nelson et al. 2000).

In the modern context, self-determination requires the individual to have some form of employment and access to legitimate forms capital not for developmental or…...

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References

Arnett, J.J. Emerging (2000). Adulthood: A Theory of Development From the Late Teens

Through the Twenties American Psychologist 55(5):469-480. DOI: 10.1037//0003-

066X.55.5.469

Nelson L.J., Padilla-Walker, L.M., Carroll J.S. Madsen, S.D. Barry, C.M. & Badger, S.

Children and adults sometimes seem like different species. Biologically, children change continually, their brains and bodies rapidly growing and developing. Those biological changes are accompanied by important changes to the mind and emotional nature, with each person exhibiting a different personality, attitude, and outlook on life. Environmental factors including wealth and social status, culture and ethnicity also play a role in how the child develops a self-concept and interacts with others. By the time children become adults, they are much different beings than they were even a decade ago. Adults change too, but not nearly as dramatically as the transitions between childhood and adulthood. The main differences between childhood and adulthood are biological, psychological, and social.
Biologically speaking, children are growing. Their bodies are resilient, especially when compared with adults. If an adult suffers an injury, especially an elder, the results can be devastating. At the same time, a young child…...

At te climax of the story, the action breaks down somewhat and it is difficult to understand exactly what happens; though told in the third person, the story takes place from the girl's perspective, and she is herself highly confused by both her sexual response and her intense fear by the end of her encounter with the strange man. Still, it is clear that she ends up leaving the house with him, and her stepping out of the door marks the end of the story. Controlled by her sexuality -- represented as the strange spell that the man seems to have cast over her -- more than her fear, the protagonist ultimately steps away from the safe world of her childhood into the unknown but already guessed-at dangers that await her in the company of men.

Parallel Paths, Different Directions

There are some significant similarities as well as some important differences in…...

Physical activity plays such an important role in public health. It is especially important when a society has become sedentary, which applies to many of the industrialized societies around the globe.  It is not surprise, then, that public health efforts often focus on increasing daily movement as a way to help improve community health.

Possible research topics include:

1. The relationship between green spaces like parks and walking trails with community levels of physical activity.
2. The relationship between afterschool sports programs and physical activity for youth, and whether that relationship remains as people transition from youth into adulthood.
3. Do physical....

1. The link between childhood trauma and the development of anxiety and depression in adulthood
2. The role of genetics in predisposing individuals to anxiety and depression
3. How cultural factors influence the expression and treatment of anxiety and depression
4. The impact of social media on mental health and its contribution to feelings of anxiety and depression
5. The relationship between sleep disorders and the development of anxiety and depression
6. The efficacy of alternative therapies such as mindfulness, acupuncture, and yoga in treating anxiety and depression
7. The correlation between gut health and mental health, specifically the role of the gut-brain axis in anxiety....

1. The Absurdist Perspective and the Meaning of Life: Explore the philosophical viewpoint of Albert Camus and other existentialists who assert that life's inherent meaninglessness is a source of freedom and personal responsibility. Discuss how this perspective can shape one's approach to life, decision-making, and the search for meaning.

2. Religion and the Divine Purpose: Examine the role of religion and spirituality in providing a sense of meaning to life. Discuss how religious beliefs, rituals, and practices can shape an individual's values, provide a framework for understanding the world, and offer hope and purpose beyond the confines of everyday existence.

3. The....

1. The long-term psychological effects of childhood abuse on adult mental health
2. The link between childhood abuse and addictive behaviors in adulthood
3. Exploring the relationship between childhood abuse and intimate partner violence
4. The role of childhood abuse in shaping attachment styles and relationships in adulthood
5. Examining the societal impact of childhood abuse and neglect on future generations
6. Understanding the cycle of abuse and its perpetuation through generations
7. The intersection of childhood abuse and poverty: Breaking the cycle of violence and neglect
8. The impact of childhood abuse on academic achievement and educational outcomes
9. Exploring cultural and societal factors that contribute to....