7% from 2002 to 2012 was revealed. Lawyers, on the other hand, reported an average annual income of $108,790 in 2004, while job openings for lawyers are expected to increase 17% between 2002 and 2012. (World Wide Learn, 2006)
However, it appears that the President of the United States is not happy at the state of affairs within the administration of justice system within his country, and he has publicly stated that improvement and changes must be brought in at the earliest. The reason may be that there is today an increasing disrespect for the law, and also a blatant distrust of the Courts. This would mean that unless the justice administration is able to prove its worth with its people, there would be no real respect for the system. (Folgelson, 1974) However, a fresh new idealistic candidate, newly armed with a degree in the administration of justice would be able…...

mla

References

Directory of Schools. (2007) "Online Criminal Justice Degree Programs" Retrieved 28 November, 2007 at http://www.directoryofschools.com/Criminal-Justice-Degrees.htm

Education Portal. (2007) "Master of Science, Online administration of Justice and Security degree" Retrieved 28 November, 2007 at  http://education-portal.com/articles/Master_of_Science:_Online_Administration_of_Justice_and_Security_Degree.html 

Folgelson, Robert M. (1974) "Administration of Justice in the United States"

Ayer Publishing.

Administration of Justice in Cases of Mentally Ill Offenders
Final Project Summary

Administration of justice in criminal accusations concerning mentally disturbed people has been neglected for many years. Mentally disturbed individuals have very slim chance in receiving fair trials under the current judicial system. It is evident that many people with such symptoms of emotional instability end up with sudden violent incidences, which render them vulnerable to criminal offences. However, these people do not receive the chance of proving their innocence during such acts. Instead, such offenders are judged equally or even more harshly as compared to offender with normal emotional status. The study of this develops clear knowledge and gives distinct evidence to transparency of the judicial system.

Statistics reveal that mentally disturbed people get arrested much often and at a higher rate. The rate at which the jury receives violent cases of mentally disturbed people is growing by the day. On…...

mla

References

Babbie, E.R. (2010). The Practice of Social Research. New York: Cengage Learning.

Balance in the Administration of Justice and Security:
The twenty-first century world contributes to several challenges to governments because life has become increasingly globalized. The two major challenges in the globalized world are protecting the security of citizens and to protect people's freedom. The protection of security is a challenge because of the emergence of global terrorism, mass movements of individuals, and advances in communications technology. These factors make it difficult for governments to protect their citizens because it's much easier for terrorists to organize and co-ordinate their activities and campaign. In relation to protection of citizen's liberty, technology plays a crucial role in making the challenge tougher. This is primarily attributed to developments in computer science, satellite monitoring systems, and information storage that make it difficult to keep tabs on individuals ("Balancing Freedom and Security," 2006). As a result of these advances, citizens have to deal with a far-reaching range…...

mla

References:

"Balancing Freedom and Security -- A Modern British Bill of Rights." (2006, June 26). Full Text

of David Cameron's Speech to the Centre for Policy Studies. The Guardian. Retrieved March 26, 2013, from  http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2006/jun/26/conservatives.constitution 

Bradley, G.V. (2012, March 1). Retribution and Overcriminalization. Retrieved March 26, 2013,

from  http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/03/retribution-and-overcriminalization

U.S. Courts and the Administration of Justice
In this short essay, the author will comment on five issues that they feel impact upon the administration of courts and justice in the United States. It is the opinion of the author that the quality of the administration of the courts and the justice system is reflected in the way it treats its minorities. hile the record has been decidedly mixed in the past, it has been pleasantly surprising to see some recent Obama administration initiatives that will be the subject of this review. However, much more remains to be done. This analysis will include information about juvenile defenders, justice and Native Americans, the overwhelming amount of minorities as opposed to Caucasians in the population, targeting of minorities by police, and the affordability of legal counsel for the poor in the United States justice system

One issue that jumps out immediately as a negative…...

mla

Works Cited

History of right to counsel. (2004). Retrieved from  http://www.nlada.org/About/About_HistoryDefender .

How is the criminal justice show is the criminal justice system racist? (2005, May).

Retrieved from http://www.defendingjustice.org/pdfs/factsheets/10-Fact%20Sheet%20-%20System%20as%20Racist.pdf.

Reform the nation's juvenile justice system. (2009, January). Retrieved from www.aecf.org/~/media/../Juvenile_Justice_issuebrief3.pdf.

Moving Targets: Placing the Good Faith Doctrine in the Context of Fragmented Policing" by H. Aviram and J. Seymour (2010)
In the United States, due process of law is guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment and applies to all citizens by virtue of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. In sharp contrast to the Crime Control Model that focuses on the early identification of the guilty, the Due Process Model of crime control places a high priority on preserving accuracy in legal proceeding and avoiding the conviction of the innocent. These issues form the basis of a peer-reviewed journal article by H. Aviram and J. Seymour (2010) which is critiqued in the paper the follows. A summary of the research and important findings concerning due process and crime control are provided in the paper's conclusion.

This paper provides a review of a peer-reviewed journal article on improving crime control through due…...

mla

References

Aviram, H. & Seymour, J. (2010, May). Moving targets: Placing the Good Faith Doctrine in the context of fragmented policing. Fordham Urban Law Journal, 37(3), 709-715.

Black's law dictionary. (1990). St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co.

CICC and GIWG Compared
The Criminal Intelligence Coordinating Council (CICC) is criminal intelligence body that is responsible for gathering intelligence information for the U.S. government. This organization is tasked with the responsibility of ensuring that military officials and other security personnel have the right information needed for the flawless undertaking of their duties. This body is closely related to the Global Intelligence Working Group (GIWG) in terms of functions and scope of operations. The body acts as a federal advisory committee to the U.S. attorney general. It is the official advisory body to the attorney general on matters relating to the work and considerations that the attorney must consider while on duty.

The body works with the Bureau of Justice Assistance to assist the attorney general fulfill his mandates. However, the two bodies are functionally related. Both of them are mandated to collect intelligence information from the public and help the users…...

mla

References

Kraft, M., & Marks, E. (2012). U.S. Government Counterterrorism: A Guide To Who Does What. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Shapiro, D. (2011). Managing Multinational Teams Global Perspectives. Amsterdam: Elsevier

Justice Administration
The United States judicial system is ranked among the most sophisticated systems in the world. Each and every day there are thousands of people who include officers for law enforcement, judges, lawyers, accused criminals and officials in the government take part in the system with the hope that they will settle disputes and work towards the achievement of justice. This system is quite remarkable since it operates successfully in a country which is quite large and diverse. There are various elements of the criminal justice system in the U.S. these include criminal courts, arraignments, trials, sentencing, booking, bargaining of a plea, jury, punishment, appeals and so on. Within these systems there are elements that work quite well when it comes to the completion of the entire judicial process (Silverman, 2012).

The existence of criminal courts within the judicial system of the U.S. is an element that has made it easy…...

mla

References

Silverman, J. (2012). How the Judicial System Works. Retrieved August 22, 2013 from  http://www.howstuffworks.com/judicial-system.htm

Justice in the Workplace
Globalization, or increase economic cooperation and communications between countries has opened up a number of opportunities for employment, trade, and cultural and technological development between nations. One of these effects is the diversification of the human resource pool within organizations. In fact, the more global society becomes, the less geographic boundaries matter when hiring employees. This is particularly evident when hiring a new workforce in developing countries -- moving the so-called "have nots" into the working world of global organizations (Mittleman, 2002). Ethnic and cultural demographics play into this by adding another spectrum and layer of variety in income, education, housing issues, population trends, etc. (Trebing and Estabrooks, 2005).

Justice in the Workplace and Globalization- Increasing diversity, particularly globally, in the workplace, however, brings a number of issues to the forefront that accentuate the need for organizational justice and ethical decision making. An organization is far stronger once…...

It would strive to minimize the pay and quality-of-life differential between the wealthiest individuals and the poorest, although it would permit whatever differential justified by the greater good served by certain professional commitments and responsibilities.
Rawls' ideas if incorporated into society would not compel any person to contribute to the greater good any more than he or she desired; they would simply impose mechanisms for distributing resources and potential rewards in the most socially beneficial and equitable manner. Industries that produce socially beneficial products and services that contribute to the greater good would be permitted to profit more from those endeavors than superfluous industries; physicians would be entitled to sufficient compensation and benefits to ensure against any shortage of physicians in society; and police officers and firefighters would earn more than professional athletes, although closer to several times the average wage in society instead of the equivalent of hundreds or…...

mla

"Many social decisions are, of course, of an administrative nature. Certainly this is so when it is a matter of social utility in what one may call its ordinary sense: that is, when it is a question of the efficient design of social institutions for the use of common means to achieve common ends" (Rawls, 1958 p187).

Rawls' ideas would seem to comport perfectly with the essential purpose of public administration services. In principle, the entire structure of modern administrative services in society is precisely to improve society and contribute to the public good much more efficiently and effectively than individual citizens could ever hope to, even in a collaborative effort. Granted, to a certain extent, Rawls' ideas could be seen as excessively constraining individual initiative and creativity; however, in the realm of public administration of social services and justice, they would greatly increase the quality of life and contribute to the greater good. Instead of the poorly motivated, apathetic attitudes frequently associated with civil service employment, Rawls' ideas would reward civil servants sufficiently to guarantee much greater commitment to their responsibilities.

Generally, modern public administration and civil service exemplify the very concepts emphasized by Rawls except that the pay differential between civil servants and employment in many areas of the private sector greatly detract from the communal spirit and cooperation that Rawls hoped to promote through his ideas. Ultimately, while some of the specific mechanisms suggested by Rawls' ideas may be impractical to impose on a free society, their general purpose is likely achievable to some degree simply by increasing awareness of some of the conceptual arguments.

Court Analysis
Justice and Court Administration

Administration and management of courts is filled with challenges. Often depending upon the geographical context of the court, such challenges will include resource shortage, a perpetual docket of criminal cases and the broader complexity of providing civil order and justice to communities while balancing constitutional law and local ordinance. Moreover, the complexity of administering justice in and of itself plays a part in the difficulty of court management, with issues such as the deepening ethnic diversity of encountered populations and shifting ideas about victims' rights playing defining roles in the tasks before any given court. The discussion here on language interpretation services and the timeline in the evolution of victims' rights are offered within the context of court administration.

Language Interpretation Services:

It is often the case that courts will find themselves burdened with the task of wading through the details of officer-defendant confrontations in spite of the…...

mla

Works Cited:

Missouri Courts (MC). (2010). Court Interpreter Services. Courts.mo.gov.

Muraskin, R. & Roberts, A. (2004).Visions for Change: Crime and Justice in the Twenty-First Century. Prentice Hall.

Robinson, M. (2002). Justice Blind? Prentice Hall.

esearch also showed that offenders tend to be part of or return to communities with high concentrations of offenders. The concentration of offenders in these neighborhoods affects the community negatively by increasing the stigma associated with the community and also saddling the community with additional problems without providing added resources needed for restoring or maintaining order. The ultimate consequence is the that the criminal justice system destabilizes informal networks of social control and increases poor attitudes towards formal social controls, both of which have been shown to contribute to increases in crime and disorder in the communities. Churning results in unnecessary pressure being put on the other residents of the communities who are law-abiding in disadvantaged communities. The removal of men from the community through incarceration has the chilling effect of changing the family's socio-economic structure. The families of incarcerated members, especially men, of the community also face stigma…...

mla

References

Burke, K. And Leben, S. (2007). Procedural Fairness: A key Ingredient in Public Satisfaction.

Court Review: The Journal of the American Judges Association. 44 (1), 4-25.

Davis, A.J. (2008). Racial Fairness in the Criminal Justice System: The Role of the Prosecutor. Colombia Human Rights Law Review. 202 (39), 202-32.

Hurwitz, J and Peffley, M. (2001). Racial Polarization on Criminal Justice Issues:

Evolution of Criminal Justice Policy:
The evolution of the criminal justice system can be traced to as early as 1969 when the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice presented a report on the growing challenge of crime in the society. In addition to providing a detailed approach on the prevention and fight against crime, the report also provided means of improving the collaboration among policing, courts, and corrections. This is because of the significance of these three parts in the criminal justice system and their ultimate impact on the implementation of the criminal justice policy.

Policing:

As the first contact between a criminal and the criminal justice system, policing or law enforcement has evolved in three distinct areas i.e. politically, progressively and through reforms. Both the political era and progressive period of the evolution of policing was during the pre-colonial period with the political era emanating from relationship between police…...

mla

References:

Hartmann, F.X. (1988, November). Debating the Evolution of American Policing. Retrieved from National Institute of Justice -- U.S. Department of Justice website:  https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/114214.pdf 

"History of Criminal Justice, Punishment and Corrections." (n.d.). Intelicus. Retrieved August

23, 2011, from  http://intelicus.com/history-of-criminal-justice-punishment-corrections/

criminal justice system and the historical foundations of the system. The study has discussed the current criminal justice system and how it has evolved during the years. The various functions of the criminal justice system are also discussed briefly to get clear understanding on the topic.
Criminal Justice System is a system of institutions and practices employed to uphold crime, deterring and social control or to put sanctions on those who are violating the laws by imposing criminal penalties and through rehabilitation efforts. The accused criminals also have some protections against the misconduct or abuse of prosecution and investigatory powers.

The criminal justice policy in the United States is guided by a ground breaking report that was presented to the President's Commission in 1967 on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice. This commission had advised a systematic approach in dealing with criminal justice through a coordinated effort among courts, correctional agencies…...

mla

References:

Kelling, George L., Mary A. Wycoff (2002). Evolving Strategy of Policing: Case Studies of Strategic Change. National Institute of Justice.

Mayo, K. (1920). Justice to All: The Story of the Pennsylvania State Police. Houghton Mifflin.

History U.S. Criminal Justice Systems/Police
It is undeniable that criminal justice and police activities are integral parts of every relatively peaceful nation in the world. ithout the actions and standards set forth by the agencies that "protect and serve" many wrongs would go not only unpunished but possibly unnoticed as well.

The basic purposes of policing in democratic societies are: 1. To prevent and investigate crimes; 2. To apprehend offenders; 3. To help ensure domestic peace and tranquility; and 4. To enforce and support the laws (especially the criminal laws) of the society of which the police are a part." (Schmalleger Chapter 5 Summary)

Though the developmental history of modern policing and criminal justice there have been many changes, changes in focus and standard, and even crime and justice. The very term professionalism has completely evolved across the board, more so in the policing industry than almost anywhere else. A historical perspective on…...

mla

Works Cited

Downer L.J. Legis Henrici Primi Abstract Retrieved April 25, 2004 at http://www.powellschicago.com/html/reprints/16560.html.

Fagin, James A. Criminal Justice New York, NY Allyn & Bacon, 2003.

A www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=9487482

Hirschel, J. David, and William Wakefield. Criminal Justice in England and the United States. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1995.

Crime
As Schmalleger explains, the American juvenile-justice system was designed a century ago to reform kids found guilty of minor crimes, but more and more, the system has to cope with more violent crimes committed by younger people. The response on the part of lawmakers has been largely to siphon the worst of these young people out of the juvenile system by lowering the age at which juveniles charged with serious crimes can be tried in adult courts, a trend that seems to increase around election time. The underlying philosophy of early juvenile courts was parens patriae, which means that the courts took the role of parent and protected the rights of the child. Shifting the child to adult court reduces his or her rights rather than increasing them and also bring son harsher punishments. As Daniel P. Mears notes, the creators of the juvenile court system thought it would be…...

mla

Works Cited

Eskridge, Chris W. Criminal Justice, 4th edition. New York: Roxbury, 1993.

Schmalleger, Frank. Criminal Justice Today 8th edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.

I. Introduction
A. Explanation of court room technology
B. Importance of technology in court proceedings
C. Purpose of the essay

II. History of court room technology
A. Evolution of technology in the court room
B. Impact of technology on court proceedings
C. Examples of early court room technology

III. Current technology used in court rooms
A. Video conferencing
B. Digital evidence presentation
C. Electronic filing systems
D. Court room management software

IV. Advantages of court room technology
A. Increased efficiency in court proceedings
B. Improved access to justice
C. Better organization of evidence and case files
D. Cost savings for the court system

V.....

1. The relationship between social class and access to justice
2. The impact of race and ethnicity on experiences with the criminal justice system
3. Gender, power, and inequality in the legal profession
4. The role of social networks in legal decision-making
5. The intersection of immigration policy and social welfare programs
6. The influence of social movements on legal reform
7. The connection between poverty and the criminalization of homelessness
8. The effects of mass incarceration on communities of color
9. Social factors influencing jury decision-making
10. The role of social media in shaping public perceptions of legal issues
11. The impact of globalization on human rights and access....

Can a Law Be Considered Just if It Is Not Consistently Enforced?

The concept of justice is multifaceted and often contested, but at its core lies the principle of fairness and impartiality. A just law is one that is applied equally to all individuals, without regard to their status or circumstances. However, the question of whether a law can be considered just if it is not consistently enforced raises complex issues that merit examination.

Arguments for Inconsistent Enforcement

Proponents of inconsistent enforcement argue that it may be necessary in certain circumstances to ensure the effective administration of justice. They maintain that:

Selective enforcement:....

Impact of Law Enforcement, Prosecutors, and Public Defenders on the Criminal Justice System
The criminal justice system comprises three primary actors: law enforcement, prosecutors, and public defenders. These entities play distinct and interconnected roles in the administration of justice, shaping the outcomes of criminal cases and the overall functioning of the system.
Law Enforcement
Investigation: Law enforcement agencies are responsible for investigating crimes, gathering evidence, and apprehending suspects. Their actions often determine the strength of the prosecution's case and the ultimate outcome of trials.
Discretion: Law enforcement officers have significant discretion in deciding whether to arrest, charge, or refer individuals to diversion....