Active Listening
Integrating Management Skills

There are numerous -- almost innumerable -- theories and models about the best ways in which an individual can use a variety of management skills to reduce conflict and establish an atmosphere of cooperation. In the video that I taped for this course I have worked on identifying, naming, and incorporating some of the skills that we have discussed during the coursework as well as skills and strategies that appear in the literature. Essential to the skills that we have studied this term and that I have worked to incorporate in the attached video are not only those that are traditionally associated with management strategies but also those that are based in psychotherapeutic techniques.

Indeed, the techniques and the overall philosophy that I was most interested in learning about and trying out were those that were new to me because their basis was in psychology rather than business.…...

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References

Blake, R. & Mouton, J.S. (1984). Solving Costly Organizational Conflicts: Achieving Intergroup Trust, Cooperation, and Teamwork. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Costantino, C.A. & Merchant, C.S. (1996). Designing Conflict Management Systems: A Guide to Creating Productive and Healthy Organizations. San Francisco: Jossey Bass, 1996.

Dana, D. (2007). Managing Differences: How to Build Better Relationships at Work and Home, (4th Ed.). New York: MTI Publications.

Derber, C. (1979). The pursuit of attention: Power and individualism in everyday life. New York: Oxford University Press.

A practical way of incorporating active listening is by paraphrasing material and asking the client from time to time whether you have understood him correctly. In fact, all the Rogerian tools are instruments to accomplishing active listening.

A practical way to practice non-directive counseling is by recording oneself and the session and critically monitoring it for possibilities of improvement of skill and for signs of interference.

Topic heading 2: Describe at least one stage in the therapeutic process in which you ?would apply each skill and explain why. Be specific and give an example.

The stages of counseling according to the transtheoretical model of Prochaska and associates constitute six defined Stages of Change which are:

a. Precontemplation - the client has no intention to change behavior

b. Contemplation - the client, aware of a problem, would like to change some day.

c. Preparation - the client intends to change within the next month. he/she has taken…...

Topic : Effective CommunicationEffective communication is essential for personal and professional success. It involves the ability to convey ideas, thoughts, and emotions clearly and concisely. To improve communication, one must focus on strategies such as active listening, empathy, and clarity of expression (Plotkin & Shochet, 2018). Additionally, nonverbal communication, such as body language and tone of voice, should be considered.To strengthen my communication skills, I would like to focus on active listening. Active listening involves giving undivided attention to the speaker, asking questions, and summarizing what was said. I can use this skill to promote effective communication in my chosen career by being attentive to my colleagues' needs and concerns and providing solutions to their problems.Moreover, I can also improve my communication skills by taking courses or attending workshops on effective communication. This can help me learn new techniques and best practices that I can apply in my professional life.Topic…...

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References

Berg, M. N., Ngune, I., Schofield, P., Grech, L., Juraskova, I., Strasser, M., ... & Halkett, G. K.

(2021). Effectiveness of online communication skills training for cancer and palliative care health professionals: A systematic review. Psycho?Oncology, 30(9), 1405-1419. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pon.5702

Plotkin, J. B., & Shochet, R. (2018). Beyond words: What can help first year medical students

Negotiation Skill
Negotiations

The 'negotiation' process, entailing conflicting parties' deliberation over the problem and arrival at a conclusion that works to all parties' advantage, constitutes a highly effective means of preventing tension and disputes. Disagreeing persons sit together, engage in open-forum problem discussion, bargain or negotiate, and arrive at a result satisfactory to every party. Successful communication leads to successful negotiation. Negotiations should be free from yelling and brawling; parties ought to peacefully exchange beliefs, views and feelings. Nobody can know one's ideas and feelings if one doesn't express them effectively before others. People's manner of speaking and non-verbal cues (gestures, posture, facial expression, etc.) contributes significantly to successful negotiations (MSG, 2016).

The UPS (United Parcel Service) Strike of 1996 Win-Lose Negotiation

American courier/messenger service business established in the year 1907, the UPS, is now the world's biggest courier, specialized transport and logistics firm. Its key corporate strategy was: largely recruiting youngsters seeking part-time…...

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References

Ciel, s. c. (2011, July 4). Negotiation Tips for Project Managers: Learning From Historic Cases. Retrieved from  http://www.brighthubpm.com/methods-strategies/106943-negotiation-tips-for-project-managers-learning-from-historic-cases/ 

Dolnik, A., & Pilch, R. (2003). The Moscow Theaterhostage Crisis: The Perpetrators, theirTactics, and the Russian Response. International Negotiation, 8, 577 -- 611.

Enock, K. (2006). Principles of negotiation and influencing. Retrieved from  http://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/organisation-management/5a-understanding-itd/negotiating-influencing 

Ionescu, R. (2011, December 7). Influencing for Results. Retrieved from  http://www.negotiations.com/articles/negotiation-techniques/

esponsesFongI agree with the remarks made about the importance of strong communication skills for leaders and how biblical principles can guide communication strategies. The Bible offers numerous examples of leaders who effectively communicated with their followers by being honest, understanding, supportive, and having a clear vision.As mentioned, Zechariah 8:16 emphasizes the importance of honesty in relationships. This principle applies not only to leaders but to everyone, as honesty builds trust and fosters better communication. Proverbs 12:22 also states that \\\"The Lord detests lying lips, but he delights in people who are trustworthy,\\\" further emphasizing the importance of truthfulness.Furthermore, Proverbs 15:1 emphasizes the importance of speaking with understanding and a supportive attitude, stating that \\\"A gentle answer turns away wrath, but a harsh word stirs up anger.\\\" This principle can be applied to leadership situations where leaders need to communicate with their team members in a way that shows empathy and…...

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ReferencesDarics, E. (2020). E-leadership or “how to be boss in instant messaging?” The role of nonverbal communication. International Journal of Business Communication, 57(1), 3-29.

As Massue advises, this application has a "People icon" that "lets you choose the people who'll be involved in the project. If you keep a contact list in MS Outlook, you can import names from the list into your project" (64).
How should Listening be Accomplished?

Because every group and team - and project - are unique, listening styles may need to vary to accommodate different needs and goals. According to Stirling (1998), a "telling style" of communication is a straightforward one-way communication approach that uses unilateral decision-making to satisfy uninterested team members' need for noninvolvement and to support timely and decisive action; by contrast, a "selling style" will employ two-way reciprocal communications, active listening, as well as access to the decision-process for those group members who are moderately involved. Finally, a "participating style" encourages group members to discuss significant issues and search for viable alternatives (Stirling). According to Richman (2002),…...

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Works Cited

Dinsmore, Paul C. And Jeannette Cabanis-Brewin. The AMA Handbook of Project Management. New York: AMACOM.

Gilley, Jerry W. And Ann Maycunich. Organizational Learning, Performance, and Change: An Introduction to Strategic Human Resource Development. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books, 2000.

Massue, Mireille. (2004, February). "A Project Planning Tool." T&D, 58(2), 64.

Mcnaughton, David, Dawn Hamlin, John Mccarthy, Darlene Head-Reeves and Mary Schreiner. (2007). "Teaching an Active Listening Strategy to Preservice Education Professionals." Topics in Early Childhood Special Education 27(4): 223.

Listening
The relevance of listening as a leadership skill cannot be overstated. This text evaluates the importance of listening. In so doing, the relevance of listening in the role of a leader will be highlighted. Further, the text will amongst other things also assess how leaders must listen to not only peers but also followers. Effective approaches to improve listening skills will also be discussed.

According to Skinner (1992), "active listening shows the leader's respect and love for those with whom he works…" In that regard, employees are more likely than not to respond positively to leaders who listen to them. Thus good listening skills on the leader's part could motivate employees towards better performance. As Junarso (2009) points out, based on their ability to make others feel important, leaders who listen have a higher chance of being listened to. This effectively enhances their efficiency.

Listening also promotes accuracy. It is important…...

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References

Guffey, M.E. & Loewy, D. (2009). Essentials of Business Communication (8th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Junarso, T. (2009). Leadership Greatness: Best Practices to Become a Great Leader. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse.

Skinner, R.D. (1992). 22 Leadership Principles. Bountiful, Utah: Horizon Publishers.

Question 1 My willingness to listen score is 63 out of the possible 75. I scored best in organizing information and avoiding interruption, but even on the other parameters like postponing evaluation, showing interest, and maintaining interest, I scored well. The quiz showed me how I can improve my active listening skills. For example, I generally keep an open mind, and do not evaluate the person until he or she has finished talking but I need to refrain from making judgments about his or her actual ideas until they are finished with what they have to say. I also noticed that the quiz revealed that I need to send more visual cues that I am listening, as people can always tell when I am not concentrating on what they are saying.
According to Bevan & Sole (2014), active empathic listening means tuning into the other person, going even beyond the contents of…...

e. he may eliminate the surroundings too. So while he is paying attention to client's words, he is not measuring the impact on his own words and not picking clues from around the client and this can be disastrous because sensing is missing from the equation of listening. Level III listening is where sensing steps in. The coach is not only listening to the spoken words, he is also subtly sensing the impact of his own words on the client, and picking clues from the environment. That is the main difference between Level II and Level III. At Level III, the coach will look for signs such as body language, unspoken words and facial expressions and the "air." By the air, we mean he gets a feel and sense of the environment to assess how comfortable the client is, whether he trusts him or not, is he willing to share,…...

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Reference:

Whitworth, L., Kimsey-House, H. & Sandahl, P. (1998). Co-active coaching: New skills for coaching people toward success in work and life. Palo Alto, Davies-Black Publishing.

Roles can be rotated regularly to give all team members experience; and 5) Task or sequence interdependence
This occurs when one group member must first complete his/her task before the next task can be completed. For example, collecting water samples might be assigned to two group members, while research on how to collect samples is done by two other group members. (Foundation Coalition, 2009)

Cooperative learning according to the University of Wisconsin cooperative learning group is stated to be structures that "...generate ideas for open-ended questions or problems. The instructor poses an open-ended question and asks groups of students to generate multiple responses. Groups then summarize their responses and report in one of several ways: in writing, random calling, groups reporting to each other, etc. A faculty member might apply one of these structures at the beginning of a new topic by briefly describing the topic and then asking groups to…...

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Bibliography

Berquist, WH and Phillips, SR (1975) Getting Students Involved in the Classroom: A Handbook for Faculty Development. Council for the Advancement of Small Colleges. (pp.114-117)

Chickering, a., and Gamson, Z. (1987) "Seven Principles for Good Practice," AAHE Bulletin, 39:3-7, ED 282-491, 6pp, MF-01; PC-01.

Diesel, Elizabeth, Allen, Michael, Schreiber, Madeline, and Borrego, Maura (2006) Improved Student Learning in Large Classes by Incorporating Active Learning with a New Design of Teaching Studies. 36th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference 18-21 Oct 2006. San Diego, CA.

Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T., and Smith, K. (1991) Active Learning: Cooperation in the College Classroom, Edina, MN: Interaction Book Company

Linguistics
Teach

Teaching the Skill of Listening to Children

This short essay aims to discuss the process of teaching listening skills to children. The main focus is to describe problems that may arise and then to suggest some possible solutions for each in terms of the learning process in general. Listening as a skill set is one of the more critical skills needed by young learners. To show how difficult attaining listening is, consider this from a non-native speaker. "A common complaint from learners on first visiting an English-speaking country is that their listening skills cannot cope with fast spontaneous speech." (Cauldwell) It is believed that of the group of four skills humans use most often, listening should be considered to be by far one of the most frequently used. Consider how in the United States speaking and listening are usually taught in tandem, but from the teaching perspective, speaking over time gets…...

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References

Adams, James A. (1971). "A Closed-Loop Theory of Motor Learning." Journal of Motor Behavior 3:111-150.

Carlisle, Lynn (1988). "Communication Skills." Sacramento: California State Department of Education, Division of Special Education. ED 315-933.

Cauldwell, Richard. (2009). "Grasping The Nettle: The Importance Of Perception Work In Listening Comprehension." Retrieved on December 20, 2009, from  http://www.developingteachers.com/articles_tchtraining/perception1_richard.htm .

Edleston, Charlotte (1987). "A Program of Games and Activities to Increase Listening and Attentional Skills in Kindergarten." Nova University: Ed. D. Practicum, Dissertation/Theses. ED 292-586.

Linguistics
Space

Using CALL in Teaching Listening

In order to use computer-assisted language learning or CALL to teach listening skills, teachers should first understand what CALL actually is and that they should aim to "establish a methodology for benchmarking speech synthesis for computer-assisted language learning." (Zoe, 2009) CALL is a modern form of computer-based learning that has two features that make it distinctive from other forms of computer-based learning. The first is called bidirectional learning and the second feature is simply the idea of individualized learning. CALL as a process is good for listening skills because of the fact that just giving a speaker one's undivided attention in order to understand the speaker's point-of-view is fine but that equates to only a single directional activity. Active listening makes great listeners. Active listening is more than paying attention and it is bidirectional just like the CALL process. Because the concept of just listening is…...

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References

Kilickaya, Ferit. (2009). "The Effect of A Computer-Assisted Language Learning Course On Pre-Service English Teachers' Practice Teaching." Educational Studies (03055698). October, Vol. 35 Issue 4, p 437-448, 12p, 4 charts.

Liu, Min. (1994). "Hypermedia Assisted Instruction and Second Language Learning: A Semantic-Network-Based Approach." Computers in the Schools. Vol. 10 Issue 3/4, p 293, 20p, 2 charts, 3 diagrams.

Schwienhorst, Klaus. (2002). "Why Virtual, Why Environments? Implementing Virtual Reality Concepts In Computer-Assisted Language Learning." Simulation & Gaming. June, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p 196, 14p.

Son, Jeong-Bae (2006.) "Using Online Discussion Groups in a CALL Teacher Training Course." RELC Journal. April, Vol. 37, Issue 1, p 123-135, 13p.

At the primary level of active listening are administrative personnel, especially at hospitals, who need to direct patients to the correct physicians for their ailments. Administrative personnel at doctors' offices are also important, as these personnel are often engaged in decision-making processes regarding the length of appointments and the care that is needed.
6. oles, responsibilities and relationships of project team members

The team leader will administer the responsibilities of each team member, as well as collocating the data gathered during interviews. The team leader will also determine the final format and content of the report.

Several roles will cover the various interviews to be conducted. Physicians, nurses, administrators, and patients will be interviewed. Within these groups, the type of illness and cultural context should also be investigated. Where doctors operate in a multi-cultural context, the potential exists to investigate the effectiveness of active listening, or its absence, can be investigated. Furthermore,…...

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References

Butow, P., Cockburn, J., Girgis, A., Bowman, D., Schofield, P., D'Este, C., Stojanovski, E. And Tattersall, M.H.N. (2007). Increasing oncologists' skills in eliciting and responding to emotional cues: evaluation of a communication skills training program. Psycho_Oncology. Retrieved from:  http://www.newcastle.edu.au/Resources/Research%20Centres/CHERP/publications/Previous%20pdf%20papers/PsychOncCUES%20paper.pdf 

Fassaert, T., Van Dulmen, S., Shcellevis, F., Van der Jagt, L. And Bensing, J. (2008). Raising positive expectations helps patients with minor ailments: A cross-sectional study. BMC Family Practice, Iss. 9. Retrieved from:  http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2296/9/38/ 

Fassaert, T., Van Dulmen, S., Schellevis, F. And Bensing, J. (2007, June). Active listening in medical consultations: Development of the Active Listening Observation Scale (ALOS-global). Patient Education and Counseling Vol 68. Retrieved from: http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/fss/2008-0714-200810/bensing_2007_active.pdf

Ferguson, W.J. And Candib, L.M. (2002). Culture, language, and the doctor-patient relationship. University of Massachusetts Medical School. Retrieved from:  http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1060&context=fmch_articles&sei-redir=1#search=%22active%20listening%20doctor%20patient%20relationship%22

A person working in a professional position often handles several large projects at once and supervises the activities or output of others. A working professional needs reliable time management tactics to manage time effectively for not only the quality and efficiency of work but for personal health and stress management as well. There are three steps that one can take in order to improve their time management skills.

Step 1 - One should plan each day, week and month by prioritizing tasks in order of importance and deadline. It is not possible to tackle projects competently without first evaluating the most significant tasks and the order in which they should be completed. One should separate projects that slow down their efficiency. Then, rearrange their schedule or delegate tasks to others in order to assure that they are not hung up on a project that is costing valuable hours of focus.

Step 2…...

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References

Amulya, J. n.d. [ONLINE] Available at:   [Accessed 7 July 2012].http://www.itslifejimbutnotasweknowit.org.uk/files/whatisreflectivepractice.pdf .

Archer, J. 2012. [ONLINE] How to Improve Time Management Skills for a Professional Role. Available at:   [Accessed 7 July 2012].http://work.chron.com/improve-time-management-skills-professional-role-3009.html .

Importance of Information Technology. 2012. [ONLINE] Available at:   [Accessed 7 July 2012].http://www.buzzle.com/articles/importance-of-information-technology.html .

Reflection and Reflective Practice. 2010. [ONLINE] Available at:   [Accessed 7 July 2012].http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/reflecti.htm .

A trend started by the audio-lingual method is that listening was used as part of the production exercise. In other words, exercises that involved listening normally used the skill only as a vehicle to produce accurate linguistic forms in writing or speaking. Listening was seldom, if ever, used for receiving new or unpredictable information. The type of listening taught in the classroom is therefore as non-authentic as the texts used to teach the skill. The chapter illustrates the multi-faceted nature of listening by a list of authentic listening activities in everyday situations.

For the classroom, the second part of the chapter offers several suggestions for authentic classroom listening activities. In active guessing, for example, students use linguistic clues to decipher what they do not know in a listening text. The chapter also suggests that classroom participants should replicate the roles of native speakers. The chapter concludes that authentic listening is an…...

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Support groups are beneficial because they provide individuals with a sense of community. They offer a safe space for people to share their experiences, offer support and guidance to one another, and connect with others who are going through similar situations. Support groups can help individuals feel less isolated, increase their feelings of belonging, and provide a source of emotional understanding and encouragement. Additionally, support groups can provide valuable resources, information, and coping strategies that can help individuals better manage their challenges and improve their overall well-being.
Support groups also offer a platform for individuals to learn from others who have....

A strong thesis statement for the topic of demonstrating professional communication in content and presentation could be:

"Effective professional communication in both content and presentation is essential for fostering successful relationships, promoting understanding, and achieving meaningful outcomes in professional settings."

This thesis statement sets the stage for discussing the importance and impact of professional communication in both the information conveyed (content) and the manner in which it is delivered (presentation). It suggests that strong communication skills are not only necessary for transmitting information accurately, but also for building rapport, engaging effectively with others, and achieving desired outcomes.
Some potential points to explore....

## Thesis Statement:

Professional communication, encompassing both content and presentation, plays a pivotal role in effective knowledge dissemination, fostering meaningful interactions, and establishing credibility and trust among diverse audiences.

## Elaborated Thesis Statement:

1. Content:

- Thoughtful Construction: Professional communication demands the crafting of well-structured, coherent, and informative content.
- Accuracy and Credibility: Ensuring accuracy, currency, and reliability of information enhances the credibility and trustworthiness of the communicator.
- Audience-Centric Approach: Tailoring content to the specific interests, knowledge level, and needs of the target audience maximizes engagement and comprehension.
- Clarity and Conciseness: Utilizing clear, concise, and jargon-free language ensures that the intended....