¶ … Marsden Hartley epitomizes the transition in American art towards abstractionism. In fact, Hartley was integral to fomenting the shift in American art, which had until then tended to lag behind its European avant-garde counterparts. Hartley spent more than a quarter of a century in Europe before and during World War One, in both Paris and Berlin, where he learned emerging techniques from cubism and abstract expressionism to fauvism. When Hartley returned to the United States, he retreated from the avant-garde styles and became known more as the "rooted-in-Maine American artist," (Slenske, 2014). Hartley's achievements lie as much in his versatility as in his encouragement of abstraction and experimentalism in American art. Hartley was born in Maine and exhibited a predilection for visual art at a young age. He was formally trained and got his start exhibiting in Alfred Stieglitz's Gallery 291 in New York. Stieglitz gave Hartley an exclusive exhibition, and later supported Hartley on his journey to Europe. Although Hartley never attained commercial success during his career, he did have a profound impact on his contemporaries and tended to be well regarded among his peers. In Paris, Hartley found himself among art's inner circles. He met Pablo Picasso and he "frequented the now infamous Saturday evening art salons of Gertrude and Leo Stein," (Peltakian, n.d.). Afterwards in Berlin, Hartley was introduced to members of Der Blaue Reiter (the Blue Rider group) including...
One of his more Kandinsky-esque paintings is "Musical Theme (Oriental Symphony)."
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