Social Credit Score in the US? Final Report
Research Topic and Question
The topic for this research would be the potential implications of introducing a social credit score system in the US. The research question would be: What are the potential impacts for society and for public administration of introducing a social credit score system in the US?
The concept of a social credit score, which evaluates citizens based on their behavior, trustworthiness, and societal contributions, has been implemented in countries like China. One thing that Liu (2022) found was that only those who have trust in the public administration are likely to support social credit score policies. Those, on the other hand, who do not have trust in government are likely to see a social credit score system as emblematic of government overreach and of totalitarianism. The ramifications of these perceptions could have very serious political and administrative effects.
According to Liu (2019), the purpose of the social credit scoring system is that it aims to promote trustworthiness and good behavior among citizens, and that it also aims to prevent and deter untrustworthy or bad behavior by using what might be called excessive public monitoring of peoples actions and behaviors (like whether they adhere to all laws such as crossing a street at crosswalks or paying their bills on time or things like that). However, critics argue that such systems can infringe on individual rights and freedoms by restricting a persons ability to commit minor infractions or make judgement calls about ones personal risk or safety or to use subjective judgements that the system does not take into consideration very well (Mac Sthigh & Siems, 2019). Among such critics there is evidently concern about privacy rights as well, plus whether truly has the freedom of expression to question government actions, as well as the potential for misuse of power with respect to the rule of law established in the US, where distrust is already running high (Von Blomberg, 2020).
Thus, the "so what" aspect of this research is clear: understanding the potential implications of a social credit score in the US is important. It can help public administrators better understand how to approach their roles, as other countries try to implement policies and practices that may be effective at curtailing unwanted behavior but that also go against the grain of free-world thinking in the US. This research could be a guide for policymakers in making decisions that balance societal benefits with the American love of individual rights. The research could also be useful in shedding light on whether such a system would be compatible with American values as well as highlighting what potential safeguards might be necessary to prevent it from causing more harm than good.
Independent Variable and Level of Measurement
The independent variable under consideration is the introduction of a social credit score system. This system, if implemented, would evaluate and score individuals based on their societal behavior, trustworthiness, and contributions. Such a system could lead to rewards or penalties for individuals based on their scores. The level of measurement for this variable is nominal. A nominal level of measurement is used for variables that have categories without a natural order or ranking. In this case, the categories are binary: the social credit score system is either 'introduced' or 'not introduced'. These categories do not have an inherent order, making the nominal level the most appropriate form of measurement.
Dependent Variable
The dependent variable in this research is the societal and individual impacts that might arise from the introduction of a social credit score system. These impacts can be vast and varied. They can be gauged through several indicators, such as the level of public trust in the government, the perceived freedom of expression among citizens, concerns over individual and collective privacy, and the overall sense of societal cohesion. Each of these indicators provides a lens through which we can understand the broader implications of such a system on society and its individuals.
Level of Measurement for Dependent Variable
For the dependent variable, the level of measurement is ordinal. An ordinal level of measurement involves categories with a meaningful order, but the distances between the categories are not known. In the context of this research, the impacts (like public trust or freedom of expression) can be ranked from most positive to most negative or vice versa. However, the exact differences between these rankings aren't specified or consistent. For instance, a decline in public trust might be viewed as more severe than concerns over privacy by some, while others might feel the opposite. The ordinal level allows for this ranking without specifying the exact magnitude of difference between each impact.
Conceptualization
Independent Variable - Introduction of a Social Credit Score System
The concept of a social credit score system, as defined by Liu (2019) as a mechanism for evaluating people within a society. At its core, this system monitors and assesses peoples social behavior and assigns scores to people based on criteria such as societal behavior, their perceived trustworthiness, and their overall contributions to the community. The implications of these scores can be significant, as in China that can be the difference between being able to travel and being forced to stay in place. In other words, there are rewards for those who score as positively contributing members of society and penalties for those who re not. This system is meant to deter aberrant and criminal behavior, but it also raises questions about...
…who possess specific characteristics or experiences that would provide insight into the research question.Given the exploratory nature of the research, purposive sampling ensures that participants selected can provide rich, relevant, and diverse data. For instance, individuals from varied socio-economic backgrounds, ages, and ethnicities would be chosen to capture a wide range of perspectives.
A total of 30 participants will be targeted for structured interviews. This number ensures comprehensive qualitative analysis while maintaining manageability.
Purposive sampling will be employed for the structured interviews. Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where researchers rely on their own judgment when choosing members of the population to participate in their study. The primary advantage of purposive sampling is its selectivity. It allows for a focused approach, so that only those individuals who can provide in-depth and relevant insights are chosen. For this study on the implications of a social credit score system in the US, participants would be selected based on specific criteria:
1. Diversity in Demographics: Ensuring a mix of ages, ethnicities, and socio-economic backgrounds to capture a wide range of perspectives.
2. Stakeholder Involvement: Including individuals who might be directly impacted by such a system, such as public administrators, policymakers, and data privacy advocates.
3. Awareness of Social Credit Systems: Prior knowledge or awareness of social credit systems, either from personal experiences or through academic/professional exposure, can provide deeper insights.
Given the current global situation and the increasing reliance on digital communication tools, virtual interviews will be conducted using the social media platform X.
Barriers or Limitations
Potential barriers include the subjective nature of qualitative data, which might challenge generalizability. Additionally, there might be challenges in accessing certain subgroups or ensuring they are adequately represented.
Policy Implications
If a social credit score system were to be considered, there should be clear transparency in how scores are calculated and what data is used. An independent oversight body should be established to ensure the system is not misused and individual rights are protected.
Before implementing such a system, there should be extensive public education and engagement to ensure citizens understand the system, its implications, and have a platform to voice their concerns or suggestions.
Conclusion
The potential introduction of a social credit score system in the US is a topic of immense importance, if one considers its implications for individual rights, public administration, and societal values. The research in this proposal has focused on the experiences of countries like China, and the existing literature notes some of the challenges associated with such a system. There may be some potential benefits in terms of promoting trustworthiness and social cohesion; however, concerns about individual rights, privacy, cultural relevance, and government overreach remain and need to be investigated. Any consideration of such a system in the US context must be approached with caution and extensive…
References
DiCicco?Bloom, B., & Crabtree, B. F. (2006). The qualitative research interview. Medical Education, 40(4), 314-321.
Liu, C. (2019). Multiple social credit systems in China. Economic Sociology: The European Electronic Newsletter, 21(1), 22-32.
Liu, C. (2022). Who supports expanding surveillance? Exploring public opinion of Chinese social credit systems. International Sociology, 37(3), 391-412.
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