" Hence, the intellectual upper class now operates from a "narrow retreat, now itself a pariah," Pohlit continues. And that intellectual upper class of course has all the Western classical music it can possibly listen to, but it remains unable to uphold its Westernized "Turkishness" with any degree of impact at all (Pohlit).
Art Music Composers
Wilhelm Peterson-Berger (1867-1942) holds the highly respected position as the most popular art music composer in Sweden's history, according to Frederick Key Smith (Smith, 2002). Peterson-Berger thought of himself as more of a "symphonist and composer of Wagnerian operas than as a composer of miniatures," Smith explains. Peterson-Berger was raised in a home with a lot of culture; his father was fluent in Greek and his mother was an established pianist, but Peterson-Berger found that the Stockholm Conservatory's "conventional music climate" a bit too stifling, so he studied in Germany but returned to Sweden and for 30 years he was music critic for Stockholm's Daily News. The music Peterson-Berger produced that is memorable includes "Four Songs in Swedish Folk Tone" (1892); "Marit's Songs" (1896), among others.
Authors Paul Terry and David Bowman count Sergei Rachmaninov (1873-1943) as among the great composers of 20th Century art music. Rachmaninov helped "perpetuate the lush harmonies of the late 19th century" (Terry, et al., 2000). Among Rachmaninov's greatest pieces: "Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 2"; "Sergei Rachmaninoff: Vespers (Mass for Unaccompanied...
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