Wartime Embedded Journalists
There have been war correspondents in virtually every U.S. military engagement. During the Civil War, a photographer named Matthew Brady was out there on the battlefield not exactly snapping pictures, but laboriously preparing the glass plates in the back of his horse-drawn darkroom. So embedding journalists in with the U.S. military during the recent, and continuing, war in Iraq would not seem to be any different, and certainly no more dangerous than having Brady rattling around the cannonballs. Granted, some journalists have died in Iraq, but some, like NBC's David Bloom, died from medical conditions not related to warfare. Even military spokespersons have relatively little to say about the impact on troops of protecting journalists' lives. Of course, the few soldiers who died in the relatively few attempts to save journalists in war zones, some of which will be mentioned below, might have a very different viewpoint about that.
Writing in Military Review, Colonel Tammy Miracle noted that the responsibility for protecting journalists was a consideration. " 'How does a soldier keep a 'gung-ho' reporter from crossing the line into danger to get that Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph? What happens if a journalist is taken prisoner'?" she asked. (Miracle, 2003) In fact, the dilemma is much less thorny than one might think. She points out that under the 1949 Geneva Convention, journalists who are accredited and traveling with a military unit are to be considered part of the military and would thus have to be treated like prisoners of war. She noted, too, that under current Pentagon guidelines, embedded journalists may not carry weapons, use a personal vehicle or break away from the military unit. (Miracle, 2003) One would have to conclude, then, that the embedded journalist is just so much more equipment for the troops; as they troops protect themselves in battle, so they would protect the embeds. Soldiers don't want to get killed any more than anyone else does.
And some news organizations chose wisely about whom they sent. CNN sent a former Marine reservist who was one of their correspondents...
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