According to Philip Bess,
The ubiquity of suburban sprawl has come to constitute a serious physical, intellectual and cultural problem of its own. Suburban sprawl fosters disinvestment in historic city centers; excessive separation of people by age, race and income; extreme inequality of educational opportunity; pollution and the loss of agricultural lands and wilderness; record rates of obesity; and sheer ugliness. The very physical structure of suburban sprawl makes it virtually impossible for people of different generations and different incomes to live in close proximity to one another -- and not only live close together but also work, shop, play, learn and worship in the same neighborhood." (2003)
Further, the dependency upon the automobile "effectively demobilizes and disenfranchises those without cars..." (Bess, 2003) Suburban sprawl consumes the land and is self-contradictory in its very nature. Sim Van der Ryn in Ecological Design (Island Press, 1995) wrote that: "In many ways the environmental crisis is a design crisis a consequence of how things are made, buildings are constructed, and landscapes are used." (Lynn, 1997) Sim Van der Ryn holds that decisions concerning city design have become "so severed from their ecological consequences" that over the past five decades: "we have reduced a complex and diverse landscape into an asphalt network stitched together from coast to coast out of a dozen or so crude design 'templates'" (as cited in Lynn, 1997)
V. City of the Future Compared to Original City Structure
Older, pre-automobile cities were inherently far more ecological, in more ways than are obvious. Compact and dense, they allowed for greater efficiency, better use of space, and more diverse housing types and income levels." (Lynn, 1997) Furthermore, these cities contained agricultural areas with a potential for growing foods locally for those living in the local area. The city of the future will be much the same as the cities of yesterday in terms of their density and will allow for the residents of the city to walk in gaining access for conduction of business, shopping, entertainment,...
City of Lights -- Paris, France Paris, the capital of France, is one of the most visited places in the world when it comes to travel and tourism. The historic and marvelous places of the city make Paris one of the nicest places to visit in Europe. The wonders of Paris includes the Eiffel Tower, Musee du Louvre, Arc de Triomphe, Avenue des Champs Elysees, Notre Dame Cathedral, and many
Michel de Certeau's "Walking in the City" provides a clear and appropriate lens with which to view and re-view the 17th century play, "Walking Girl." Although the two pieces are completely different in terms of their style and content, they both reflect the way people subvert established social codes and structures. Leaders and powerful men of Certeau's modern age had stood on the top floor of Manhattan's Twin Tower, observing
Berlin and New York City Artists of all media are inspired by the culture in which they live and work. This is a universally accepted idea; it is impossible to extricate the artist from the culture in which he or she created his or her pieces of artwork, no matter if the art is writing, paintings, or any other type of multimedia. One of the most important influences that an artist
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Corresponding Works There is a lot of similarity in the works of Robert in his poem "The Road Not Taken" and the short story by Welty "A Worn Path." Frost composed the poem in 1916, whereas Welty wrote the short story in 1941. Both of these written works are for the readers to think outside the box and find the true meanings. These writings have a hidden meaning to them
Diminishing Middle Class in NYC If we look at the Lower Manhattan, it won't take us long to notice the change that has taken place in it in the last 10 years. The population especially the residential population has doubled up in the last 10 years as there has been an addition of 30,000 residents who are now living in Manhattan. The main reason behind this sudden and huge growth in the
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