Veterinary Nursing Anesthesia and Analgesia Case Journal
The objective of this study is to address anesthesia needs in two specific cases with the first being a 12-week-old Jack Russell puppy and the second being a 12-year-old geriatric cat.
12-Week-old Jack Russell Puppy
This 12-week-old Jack Russell Puppy has eaten a babies dummy. This case study will highlight the anesthesia requirements and protocol and highlight the relevance of effect on renal function, speed of recovery, analgesia, emphasis on knowledge and understanding. Even at 12-weeks of age, this puppy is considered a pediatric patient according to the work of Gleed and Seymour (1991). This means that the patient has a higher oxygen requirement that the adult. The tongue of this patient due to his age is large and the airway is small in diameter. As well, there is a lower functional renal capacity in this age patient all of which make the patient at risk of airway closure or collapse and hypoventilation and this is especially true when influenced by respiratory depressants including volatile anesthetic agents." (Myerscough College 2011) The heart of the pediatric patient is reported as having a high percentage of "non-contractile mass, and the ventricles have low compliance" (Myerscough College 2011) Pediatric patients are not as able to tolerate loss of blood as are older patients and the hypotensive and bradycardic effects of drugs such as opioids are heightened in younger patients. The pediatric patient is prone to glycogen storage due to the liver and this results in pre-operative fasting as well as a slow return of the patient's appetite following anesthesia to occur. Due to reduced renal function, pediatric patients do not tolerate a great many liquids. Pediatric patients are also more prone to hyperthermia due to their reduced ability to thermoregulate as compared to the older patient. There should be an attempt to minimize the time the pediatric patient is under anesthesia and to simultaneously reduce loss of heat. When inhalation agents are used as the only anesthesia in pediatric patients there is a re3quirement for high concentrations and it can be assumed that this will result in depression...
Once a patient is being treated for hyperthyroidism, his or her health professional will usually test TSH and thyroid hormones several times each year to evaluate how well the patient is responding to treatment and to check for a worsening of the condition. ("Hyperthyroidism: Topic Overview -- Exams and Tests," WebMD, Last updated 6 Aug 2003) Other tests include an anti-thyroid antibody test, which may help specifically diagnose Graves' disease
Grave's disease is an autoimmune condition which impacts the human thyroid gland. Excessive production of the thyroid hormone engorges the gland and it continues to grow. Because of this, there can be many adverse affects to the person's health, particularly in terms of ophthalmological and dermatological symptoms. The exact cause of the condition has not been determined nor has a cure for the disease. However, there are treatment methods available
Endocrinology AMAZING HORMONES Counterbalance of Sugar and Fat Content between Insulin and Glucagon Physical survival depends on the sustained availability and use of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate or ATP from sufficient levels of a substance, called glucose (Bowen, 2001). The use of energy depends on the varying levels of activity. Hence, the amount of glucose needed for activity likewise varies each day. Too much or too little glucose is damaging
(Sims & Haggerty, Description section, 2006, ¶ 2). A Palpable Goiter's Presence The journal article, "Hyperthyroidism" (N.d.), explains that a goiter denotes the enlargement of the thyroid gland. The majority of individuals with a goiter will not likely realize it, until the goiter grows to a visible or palpable size, as a goiter may develop to enormous size prior to producing symptoms of compression. Frequently, a low iodine supply in the
Essay Topic Examples 1. The Impact of Hypothyroidism on Metabolic Function: Explore how an underactive thyroid gland can result in hypothyroidism, leading to a slowing down of metabolic processes. Discuss the physiological mechanisms of the condition, its symptoms, such as fatigue and weight gain, and the implications it has on overall health and energy levels. 2. The Psychological Consequences of Thyroid Disorders: Delve into the cognitive and mood-related changes that can accompany both hyperthyroidism
Review of History and Physical Findings The client is a 56-year-old Caucasian female who presents with complaints of fatigue that reportedly began 2 to 3 months prior to her visit. She reports that the fatigue is generalized and constant in duration, and has been progressively worsening since onset. The client reports feeling tired all the time and lacking the energy to do anything‘she could normally do’despite sleeping eight hours per night.
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