S. policy. On October 3, 1902, to address the strike in the Pennsylvania anthracite coal fields that he perceived to threaten a coal famine, President Theodore Roosevelt resolved to end the strike by setting a precedent for the Federal Government's interventions. After a bitter battle, with President Roosevelt's intervention, both sides of the coal labor dispute agreed to the findings of the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission. As a result, labor and industry accepted that the public possessed overriding rights as well as vital interests. President Roosevelt's voice and negotiation skills returned peace to the coalfields (the Coal Strike of 1902…, 2010).
James Sherk (2008), a policy analyst in the Center for Data Analysis, speaks out against unions in the article, "Do Americans today still need labor unions?." Sherk poses questions regarding whether a worker would want to work for a company that did not reward or promote an employee for extra effort. Sherk contends that unionized employers treat employees the same; that they only promote employees not on professional merit but on seniority. Sherk argues:
The average union member still earns more than the average non-union member, but not because unions are skilled negotiators. it's because unionized companies become very selective about whom they hire.
Since unions make it virtually impossible to lay off under-performing workers, unionized companies take pains to hire more productive workers in the first place. The typical union member naturally earns higher wages -- with or without general representation. New workers who vote to join a union, however, do not earn more than they would have if they had stayed non-union. (Sherk, 2008, Selective Hiring Section, paras. 1-2)
Contemporary realities regarding unions and, according to Sherk (2008), clash with a myriad of concerns that currently, as in the past, repulse some anit-union workers. These concerns reportedly include "corruption, unaccountable leadership, and members' dues funding union bosses' lavish salaries" (Sherk, 2008, Selective Hiring Section, para. 3). Another major complaint includes the union engaging in excessive political activism. In fact, unions reportedly spent $300 million to defeat John McCain when he ran for president. This proves to be a problem, Sherk stresses, to the everyday worker whose union dues foot such bills.
In January 2010, the Bureau of Labor Statistics announced that for the first time in U.S. history more government workers belong to unions than private-sector employees. Steven Greenhouse (2010) reports in the article, "Most U.S. Union Members Are Working for the Government, New Data Shows, that the labor bureau, median reports weekly earnings in 2009 for full-time unionized workers totaled $908. Workers not members of the union earned approximately $710 per week. The bureau, however, attributes this difference in pay not only relates to home unionization but varies with company size, industry, and occupation.
Paula B. Voos, a labor relations professor at Rutgers, attributes the decrease in private-sector unionization to the private-sector workers' inability of to unionize. J. Justin Wilson, however, disagrees with Voos. Wilson heads the Center for Union Facts, a corporate-backed group which opposes the "Employee Free Choice Act," the current bill that aims to make unionizing easier. "Labor union membership is an outdated concept for most working Americans," Wilson states. "It is a relic of Depression-era labor-management relations" (Wilson, as cited in Greenhouse, 2010, para. 20).
Labor History (2010), a contemporary journal for historical scholarship on labor, considers issues regarding labor to be ongoing concerns as they currently encourage the study of labor and all its aspects, including the union. During 2010, this journal is sponsoring an annual Dissertation Prize for "broadly defined" labor studies. Regardless of the discipline, the researcher presenting the best Ph.D. dissertation written on a historical or contemporary labor topic, whether in the U.S. Or another global location will receive a monetary award and publication in the journal as well as the Labor History website.
Union Labor in the Hospitality Industry
Mike Mitchell (2007) depicts one of the loud voices proclaiming the evils of union labor. In the article "Organizing Trends in the Hospitality Industry," Mitchell argues that the union draws its income primarily from its members and that it has never served as a majority force to represent the workforce. In the private sector, the unionized percentage rate only totals approximately 8%, he states. "These trends in turn have lead to mergers as unions struggle to survive. One of the most important mergers to this particular audience is between the Needle Trades Union (UNITE) and the Hotel and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE)" (Mitchell, Mergers Section, para. 1). According to Mitchell, unions such as this...
Labor Relations a.) Labor unions play an integral role in the facilitation of labor relations. Labor unions are entities which are comprised of various working class people who are typically not managers. Unions may be codified according to a particular specialty related to a job skill, or by industry. They are organizations that collect dues from their members -- which is typically a finite percentage from the pay checks of the
In 1981, President Ronald Reagan fired many striking air traffic controllers employed by Federal Aviation Administration. In the face of various challenges confronting labor unions, the union membership drastically, continue to decline. Since support from political party has declined, many workers believe that union's ability to protect their interests has drastically declined, and thus, many private workers belief that it is no longer necessary to be union members. Roberts, (1997)
8). Likewise, the Institute of Agriculture required a quorum of two-thirds of its members for voting purposes and for the balancing of votes according to the size of the budgetary contributions (Bowett, 1970). While this analysis of these early forms of public international unions is not complete, it does suggest that they were beginning to identify the wide range of interests involved in modern international commerce and what was required
By contrast, this was not found to be true for the Colombian couples. Instead, their level of relationship satisfaction was predicted by having a similar level of expressiveness between spouses, irrespective of whether the level was high, medium, or low (Ingoldsby, 1980). Likewise, Colombian women and men were determined to be are equally likely to say what they feel and to express themselves at the same level as North American
104).. Berlin district mayor, Neukolln, asserts that multiculturalism in German has fallen short. Evidence shows that the recent increment in immigration is because of economic refugees from southern European nations because of the euro disaster (Conradt 2013, p.117). However, the debate regarding the considerable rise in immigration in German falls back to the Turkish community integration, which depicts the uppermost number of foreigners in Germany, the Europe largest economy. Scores of
Significance of the Study to Leadership a leader's ability to adapt to change within global markets determines the multinational company's success (Handley & Levis, 2001). Affective adaption to cultural changes, albeit depends upon available information; essential to the leadership decision-making (Kontoghiorghes & Hansen, 2004). If leaders of multinational companies better understand the challenges and impact of culture and diversity in global markets, they may use the information to improve planning
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