FDA Drug Approval Process
In order for a pharmaceutical company to obtain FDA approval for a new drug, a long sequence of detailed testing and clinical trials must be administered. The approximate cost of putting a new drug through the approval is $500 million, and it takes an average of fifteen years for a drug to make it from initial testing to being available for patients. Furthermore, of every 5000 compounds that go through pre-clinical testing, only five advance to the human testing phase, and only one of these compounds will actually be approved. There are six key phases of testing that potential drugs go through on the path to FDA approval. These phases are early research / pre-clinical testing, clinical trials (phase I, phase II and phase III), FDA approval, and post-marketing testing.
The first phase of the drug approval process is pre-clinical testing. This consists of laboratory and animal testing to demonstrate biological activity of the new drug against...
Drug Abuse Drug and substance abuse is one of the most serious dilemmas in the world today. One aspect of the issue is the growing number of teenage drug users and the increasing incidents of prescription drug abuse. According to the statistics of the National Institute on Drug Abuse prescription drugs misuse is far greater than the abuse of narcotics. Among teenagers alone, accepted cases of drug use increased from 27
Drug abuse of both legal and illegal substances has a devastatingly negative impact on American society as a whole. Definition of Drug Abuse Legal Drugs Illegal Drugs Prevalence of Drug Use Impact of Drug Use Financial Costs Impact in the Workplace Costs of Incarceration Health-Related Issues Homelessness Lost Potential Family Life Pregnancy and Health of Children Death Alcohol and Traffic-Related Injuries Initiatives to Combat Drug Use Legalization and Decriminalization Prevention Drug abuse of both legal and illegal substances has a devastatingly negative impact on American society as a whole.
And they can often escape into substance abuse and addiction" (Study reveals rise in drug, alcohol abuse during economic downturn). One of the most important ways in which an increasing rate of drug and alcohol abuse and addiction affects the economy is the spiraling cost of healthcare and rehabilitation. The increase in addictions also creates a gap between the need for treatment and rehabilitation and available resources. This in turn
An addiction can be considered a physical and psychological incapability to avoid the consumption of drugs, chemicals, substances, or even taking part in an activity even when doing so causes both physical and psychological harm (Nutt, 2018). The Addiction term is not only applicable when it comes to cocaine and heroin use. Any person who cannot function normally without taking some specific chemical or drug is considered to be substance
Drug Treatment and Prevention Program: The Local Alcoholics Anonymous Chapter The primary function of the program: The primary function of Alcoholics Anonymous is to private group counseling as a resource to alcoholics and recovering alcoholics. Often paired with community centers and local places of worship, the A.A. chapter in my community uses a nearby Protestant Church. According to the volunteer counselor whom I interviewed for this program profile, the local chapter has
Brick and Cutter's Way can be categorized as both thrillers and films noir due to the fact that the narratives of these films revolve around an investigation into the mysterious deaths of young women at the hands of power-hungry men. While the investigation in Brick is fueled by a desire to expose a drug trafficking ring at a high school, thus making drugs a central issue, drugs in Cutter's
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