Quantitative Versus Qualitative Study Comparison:
Type 2 Diabetes Among Asian Americans
Research study types tend to fall into two distinct categories—that of qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research studies are data-driven and seek to answer a particular research question. Qualitative research studies are open-ended and inductive in their techniques; even when they may use statistical data, their focus is experiential. When assessing the impact of a lifestyle disease like type 2 diabetes, it is particularly important to consider the lived, subjective experiences of participants, despite the protest from some quarters that qualitative research is not real science. While it might be true that the risks of developing the condition can be mitigated through weight loss and healthier eating, individuals do not always show a willingness to make lifestyle changes until it is too late. Genetic factors have a predisposition in terms of increasing the likelihood of someone developing diabetes but environment and personal decisions also have an impact. With this in mind, analyzing quantitative and qualitative studies regarding Asian-Americans’ specific predisposition to developing type 2 diabetes can be useful.
In a study by Choi (et al. 2013) using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) of California adults aged 18 and older (n=46,091), demographics in regards to ethnic and gender-based populations of individuals with diabetes were assessed to determine patterns of manifesting the disorder among Asian-Americans. The approach of the study was descriptive in nature. While many quantitative studies utilize the scientific method of constructing a hypothesis which can be either proved or disproved based upon the construct of the experiment, this study merely attempted to identify trends, specifically the extent to which gender and ethnicity impacted the tendency of the participants to manifest obesity. Descriptive studies are often used to support and shape later studies which have a more clearly hypothesis-driven...
References
Choi, S. E., Liu, M., Palaniappan, L. P., Wang, E. J., & Wong, N. D. (2013). Gender and ethnic differences in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among Asian subgroups in California. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 27(5), 429–435. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.01.002
Islam, N. S., Zanowiak, J. M., Wyatt, L. C., Kavathe, R., Singh, H., Kwon, S. C., & Trinh-Shevrin, C. (2014). Diabetes prevention in the New York City Sikh Asian Indian community: A pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(5), 5462–5486. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110505462
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