Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major chronic illness in the U.S., with 84 million adults being pre-diabetic (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Whereas risk factors are numerous, minority groups are at a particularly greater risk for T2D compared to the rest of the population. The high risk stems in large part from acculturation challenges – difficulties associated with adapting to the host country’s social and cultural norms (Deng, Zhang & Chan, 2013). This is especially true for Asian Americans (King, 2014), with prevalence for T2D being estimated at 9% (Nguyen et al., 2015). Appropriate intervention strategies are important for preventing type T2D in this group. Literature demonstrates that education can be useful for preventing the condition (Kerr et al., 2011; Deng, Zhang & Chan, 2013). This paper provides an evaluation of literature relating to T2D prevention through education. The evaluation is premised on the following PICOT question: Population (Asian Americans newly diagnosed for type 2 diabetes), Intervention (health education to implement patient-specific dietary and lifestyle modifications), Comparison (patients who receive culturally tailored diabetes education with those patients who just receive standard education), Outcome (reduction of A1C levels), and Timeframe (3 months after initial diagnosis). Education is a powerful intervention for preventing diabetes among Asian Americans. According Dr. George L. King, a board member of the American Diabetes Association and a practitioner at the Joslin Diabetes Centre, diabetes awareness among Asian Americans remains a major problem (King, 2014). Asian Americans and even healthcare providers have little or no knowledge of the risk. This is particularly because body mass index (BMI) is not a significant threat for the community like other ethnic communities. It is imperative for healthcare providers to understand what works for the Asian American community, and provide guidelines that resonate with the unique...
For Asian Americans, adhering to a traditional Asian diet with high fibre and low fat and maintaining a physically active lifestyle can be helpful in preventing and managing T2D (King, 2014). Accordingly, educational interventions should focus on familiarising Asian Americans with diets and lifestyles that would help reduce the risk of T2D. Though King (2014) offers valuable insights on T2D risk among Asian Americans and prevention measures, his insights are not preceded by empirical data. Even so, King boasts a strong reputation in diabetes research and practice, making his insights credible. The usefulness of education in T2D prevention has also been supported by Kerr et al. (2011). Nonetheless, though with a large sample (n = 3,871), Kerr et al.’s (2011) study did not specifically focus on T2D education – the main focus of the study was to investigate five-year mortality rates for patients diagnosed with T2D and attending a community-based education program.References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, June 01). About Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/diabetes.html
Deng, F., Zhang, A., & Chan, C.B. (2013). Acculturation, Dietary Acceptability, and Diabetes Management among Chinese in North America. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 4: 108.
Kerr, D., Partridge, H., Knott, J., & Thomas, P. W. (2011). HbA1c 3 months after diagnosis predicts premature mortality in patients with new onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 28(12), 1520-1524.
King, G. L., Dr. (2014, May 05). Stopping Diabetes in the Asian American Community. Retrieved from http://diabetesstopshere.org/2014/05/01/stopping-diabetes-in-the- asian-american-community/
Nguyen, T. H., Nguyen, T.-N., Fischer, T., Ha, W., & Tran, T. V. (2015). Type 2 diabetes among Asian Americans: Prevalence and prevention. World Journal of Diabetes, 6(4), 543–547. http://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v6.i4.543
Sun, A. C., Tsoh, J. Y., Saw, A., Chan, J. L., & Cheng, J. W. (2012). Effectiveness of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Self-Management Program for Chinese Americans. The Diabetes Educator, 38(5), 685–694. http://doi.org/10.1177/0145721712450922
Theobald, M. (2014, September 16). 5 Ways to Lower Your A1C. Retrieved from https://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/type-2-diabetes-live-better-guide/lower-your-a1c/
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