Disaster Management
The Transformation of Disaster Management
The 20th century would see an evolution in nearly every area of federal management in public affairs, with the roles, responsibilities and resources required to do the duty of the people being perpetually clarified and refined. One area in particular which remains even today in a state of constant evolution is that of disaster management. Indeed, this stands among the most unpredictable, challenging and constantly shifting duties of the federal government. And with increasing coordination with agencies also at the state and local levels, disaster management has proven an extremely complex area in which obstacles are constantly showing themselves in the midst of catastrophe. How we prepare for and mitigate these obstacles and the disasters from which they originate is a strategy that is under constant revision.
From the start of the 20th century, there was an interesting in assigning federal management responsibilities to help local areas contend with disasters. However, in its rudimentary stages, the legislation pushing for a heightened federal role did not yet extend to the "boots-on-the-ground" strategy now seen as inherent to the process. As FEMA (2010) reports, in the "1930s, when the federal approach to problems became popular, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was given authority to make disaster loans for repair and reconstruction of certain public facilities following an earthquake, and later, other types of disasters. In 1934, the Bureau of Public Roads was given authority to provide funding for highways and bridges damaged by natural disasters." (FEMA, p. 1)
At this juncture, the strategy for addressing disasters, natural or otherwise, was to move to see that funds were allocated at the federal level to help the local community recuperate from any such disaster. But as FEMA tells, this way of contending with disaster would quickly...
However, the issue of informal settlement, which includes squatter areas, cannot be overlooked, as it is a common problem especially in developing countries. These forms of settlement are more prone to both the natural and human disasters, which deny the people living in those areas their rights as human beings. Poor regional planning is to blame for this, and it is for this reason that the study seeks to
As Nielsen and Lidstone (1998) note, It is ironic that the public demands safety yet a number of cost-effective and feasible measures to mitigate disasters are not adopted by many... Such a failure of the public to adopt disaster mitigation measures has a long record in Australia (Nielsen and Lidstone 1998) This attitude is one of the reasons given for the greater emphasis on public education. In theoretical terms, the view is
Furuholt, (2006) argues that lack of management engagement to the acceptance of information systems has been a barrier to the implementation of information systems. The issues are even common with organizations in the developing countries where management does not give enough priority to the information systems implementation. Importantly, implementation of information systems requires management support since management will need to approve fund that would be used for IS implementation.
It is argued that while land tenure data can be instrumental in addressing land-related conflicts, much of the practical value is lost because of inconsistency of information and because information is not readily accessible, or cannot be combined to allow for greater depth of analysis. In practice, this means that policy-makers cannot make immediate use of the information that is available because additional time and expense are required either
One aspect of a goal attainment program researched within the content of an article by Ng & Tsang, is group therapy work, where individuals are offered the opportunity to self-reflect through the group process to help assimilate "normal" behaviors and reasonable goals into their own hoped for future. Traditional psychiatric rehabilitation programs focus on 'problems' and 'negatives' of individuals and tend to ignore strengths and assets (Hagedorn, 1992). Unlike the
It was then important to see the degree at which technology and training played a role in combating each fire. 1.2.4.Rationale of the Study What is that can be gained from this study? The reasoning behind such a study is born out of a need to provide better training for fire fighters so that fire management systems will improve and reduce the amount of loss due to the fire. By studying
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