Time Series Analysis
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Time series analysis is a statistical technique that is used to study data points that are spaced at regular intervals. This type of analysis can be used to examine trends over time, such as budget shortfalls or surpluses. Time series data can also be used to make predictions about future budget deficits or surpluses. When analyzing time series data, economists often use trend projections and regression analysis. Trend projections are used to identify the long-term direction of the data, while regression analysis is used to understand the relationships between different variables. By using time series analysis, economists can gain a better understanding of state budgets and how they change over time.
Time series analysis is thus a powerful tool that can be used to assess a wide range of phenomena in the public sphere. By tracking changes in variables over time, policy-makers can identify trends and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Time series data can also be used to predict future outcomes, allowing administrators to make informed decisions about resource allocation and planning. In recent years, time series analysis has been increasingly used in public administration, with applications ranging from disease surveillance to budget forecasting. Time series analysis can also be used to evaluate the impact of interventions, such as policy changes or new initiatives. As the availability of data continues to grow, it is likely that time series analysis will become even more important in helping decision-makers to navigate the complexities of modern society.
Some other ways in which time series analysis can be used in budget analysis include in identifying spending trends and comparing budgeting items (Jones et al., 2009). These types of analysis are often used by governments to track changes in consumer behavior and economic conditions. Thus, time series analysis can be used to identify both long-term and short-term trends. For example, a government might use...
…income was on the rise for the better part of three decades before the great financial crisis began to seriously impact this growth trend.The trend is also a helpful reminder that from a Biblical perspective, one should remember to give thanks in all circumstances, for this is Gods will for you in Christ Jesus (1 Thessalonians 5:18).
Income Growth
The chart shows that there is a leveling of median household income beginning in 2011, but that from 1977 household income consistently experienced a growth trend. The biggest growth trends occurred in the mid-1990s and in the mid-2000s and were likely the effects of governmental policies that helped to stimulate the economy and contribute to more wage income for households.
What Could Have Happened?
One plausible explanation for what happened to dampen growth in median household income after 2009 is that people might have been laid off from work following the 2008 financial crisis, or they may have experienced pay cuts.
Outliers?
No, there are no outliers…
References
Jones, B. D., Baumgartner, F. R., Breunig, C., Wlezien, C., Soroka, S., Foucault, M., ... &
Walgrave, S. (2009). A general empirical law of public budgets: A comparative analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 53(4), 855-873.
Klase, K. A., & Dougherty, M. J. (2008). The impact of performance budgeting on state
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