Communication
The McDonald's Menu and Charles Berger's Uncertainty Reduction Theory
In the field of communication, extant theories and models aim to provide explanations about the nature and dynamics of relating and interacting with other people. These theoretical frameworks also delve into various kinds of communication, such as verbal or non-verbal and intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, and organizational. One of the most important aspects among these kinds of communication concern theories about interpersonal relationships, which serve as the common ground wherein further studies on communication among people from one-on-one, group, and/or organizational.
Among these interpersonal theories, Charles Berger's uncertainty reduction theory figures as one of the most descriptive and analytical theory in studying communication at the most basic level. The uncertainty reduction theory describes the 'self-monitoring' behavior of communicators when initially establishing a relationship or interacting with another communicator or an agent of communication. The theory involves two important concepts: the objective and subjective self-awareness. Objective self-awareness puts the individual self in the "center," while subjective self-awareness considers the individual's environment as the central focus rather than the self (Littlejohn, 1999:260). In effect, the subjective self-awareness is the part of the self that provides rational thinking for the individual, while the objective one centers on the behavior of the individual toward a specific activity or phenomenon.
Given these ideas about self-monitoring and self-awareness, uncertainty reduction is considered as a human communication theory that attempts to make sense, meaning, and understanding to a social phenomenon. The combination of both the rational and emotional selves, according to the theory, diminishes uncertainty of the communicator about his/her environment and allows him/her to react or behave...
Theory X and Theory Y Select organizational leaders analysis activity current research. Critique leader Douglas MacGregor's Theory X Theory Y Identify proper category leader assessment. Include examples situations actions reflect type leader . Theory X versus Theory Y: Apple vs. Google According to Douglas McGregor' analysis of managerial personality styles, managers fall into two basic 'types,' that of Theory X or Theory Y Theory X managers tend to exert authority through a traditional
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