Theoretical Thinking
Truth is a concept that can be subjectively interpreted based on the individual's experiences and social realities. This is because truth is associated with an individual's continuous search for knowledge; thus, as an individual obtains knowledge in his/her experiences, s/he learns to discriminate information that may be considered as true or false for him/her. In effect, truth is defined as the any information or event experienced and encountered by the individual which corresponds with his/her reality (as s/he perceives it). Since truth corresponds with reality, sources of truth may come from anything that exists within the individual's "sphere of reality": these are people, non-living entities, institutions, and other elements of the society that the individual encounters in his/her society everyday.
Since truth is subject to various interpretations due to different social realities experienced by each individual in the society, there exists more than one truth. Truth is based on ideologies and philosophies that have been created and implemented by individuals and/or groups within society. For example, the philosophy of utilitarianism posits that an action is considered right and ultimately, the truth for the individual, if it benefits the majority of people in the society. Truth in this case is illustrated by the fact that the individual considers anything as the truth if it achieves the ultimate end of utilitarianism -- the happiness of majority of the people. Similarly, people who subsist to the conflict theory may view the truth as the continuous struggle of the lower classes of the society against the oppression of the wealthy elite. Thus, an individual oriented with the reality as viewed by the critical perspective may always consider his/her social experiences as a conflict of existing forces in society. These are some of the examples that illustrate the various "truths" that exist in societies/cultures.
Sociology Universal Values Societies and social beliefs change from tribe to tribe, and from nation to nation. The constructed nature of social beliefs mandate that from one society to another, the social beliefs change because each tribe has experienced a different growth curve, has experienced a different history, has identified different seminal events. As a result, each tribe has a unique set of socially constructed beliefs. For most of the last century, the
Learning & Teaching Identify a behavior in the healthcare setting that you would like to change that involves extinguishing an undesirable behavior and replacing it with a healthier behavior (e.g., getting cardiac patients to reduce their high-fat diet and eat healthier foods; getting patients with low back pain to minimize their pain and become more independent in their activities). Describe how the behavior could be changed using the principles of a
THEORETICAL MATRIX Use Appendix A (attached) create a matrix theoretical change models. Include theoretical change models matrix. The matrix include model: • Name theoretical model • Description theoretical model 200 words • Description type change situation theoretical model applies 200 words. Matrix of Theoretical Models Theoretical Change Model Description of Theoretical Model (200 words each box) Type of health care change situation where model best applies (200 words each box) Systems theory Systems theory suggests that organizations are
The works of Borko and Putnam (1998) expressed the contemporary perspectives to the concept of contextual learning. Situated recognition (uses both social and physical contexts),social cognition (uses an individual's construction of a given knowledge) as well as distributed cognition which employs or relates to both the social and situated nature of cognition (Clifford and Wilson,2000). While employing this ideas, I emphasize on problem solving, recognition of the fact that
theoretical approaches to learning and explores possibilities of learning applications to special education. A matrix is presented and the information in the matrix is explained within a professional setting that deals with special education. The theoretical approaches to learning provide the framework for development of leaning skills and are examined in detail. Keywords: Learning, Learning theories, Cognitive development, Bandura's social learning, Pavlov, Classical condition, special education, Erikson's theory, social development
Key highlights cited: Separating research from other aspects of your life cuts you off from a major source of insights, hypotheses, and validity checks. Although subjectivity can be adversely affected by drawing on these personal experiences and observations, the failure to do so means that the research will not be as robust and the findings that emerge will be a regurgitation of previous findings rather than a critical analysis of these findings
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