¶ … culture and the working environment. Are workplace cultures determined by the individuals who work there, or do workplaces have their own cultures that exist separately from the people who work there? Please include examples to support your stance using 1-2 outside sources. It is likely that most people have worked in organizations where the conditions were toxic because of interpersonal problems, a noisy environment, chaotic work loads or most especially poor management practices. Likewise, some of the more fortunate have likely experienced the complete opposite where going to work every day was a pleasure (Darbyshire, 2010). In any event, the workplace culture that is in place can make the difference between being motivated by stressors and being burned out. Although top management sets the tone of the workplace culture, it is the people who actually work there who create and sustain the day-to-day culture. Therefore, over time, the workplace culture can change for the better or worse as a result of personnel changes, but the workplace culture only exists as an extension of individuals (Lincoln & Owen, 2015).

There are a number of valuable outcomes that are associated with developing and sustaining a healthy workplace culture. For instance, Lincoln and Owen (2015) emphasize that, "A healthy workplace results in multiple benefits such as reducing sickness...

221). Consequently, it is in management's best interest to monitor the workplace culture to identify opportunities for improvement and potential sources of worker dissatisfaction (Darbyshire, 2010).
What are the purpose(s) of ICD-9-CM?

According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, the overarching purpose of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) is to provide clinicians with standardized codes and classifications of morbidity data derived from physician offices, inpatient and outpatient records, and the majority of National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) surveys (ICD-9-CM, 2015). At present, the ICD-9-CM is the official system for assigning codes to diagnoses and procedures that are related to tertiary health care facility usage in the United States (ICD-9-CM, 2015). The ICD-9-CM is comprise of the following elements:

A tabular list containing a numerical list of the disease code numbers;

An alphabetical index to the disease entries; and,

A classification system for surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures (alphabetic index and tabular list) (ICD-9-CM,…