The consequences of tax refunds, for tax payers, include larger fractions of billable fees being billed to the client, then when they owe additional taxes. This is true even with the tax liability itself is constant. This finding goes beyond the commonly understood consequence of overpaying taxes -- a loss of investment income, by giving the government an interest-free loan. An additional wealth-related consequence is the higher preparation fees those receiving refunds pay. This affects millions of taxpayers as approximately 25% of taxpayers made tax payments via quarterly estimated tax payments (Hatfield, Jackson & Schafer, 2008). There are several ethical implications to these relationships as well.
Hatfield, Jackson and Schafer (2008) note the recent investigation into Jackson Hewitt franchises and the generation of fraudulent refunds. These types of firms often also earn additional income from refund anticipation loans. This behavior is contrary to tax professionals standards of conduct, established by both the IRS and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). AICPA Rule 302 expressly prohibits contingent fee arrangements, for preparing original tax returns. For this reason, not only are these findings of interest to taxpayers, but also to agencies charged with regulating tax professionals.
The researchers conclude that using whether or not a taxpayer receives a refund or has to pay taxes, is not a proper decision-making heuristic. Receiving a refund is not an effective means of gauging a tax professional's performance. Tax professionals understand that clients may judge their performance...
Where individual taxpayers are concerned, the abstruseness and complexity of filing one's taxes can have the impact of obfuscating the legal imperatives driving one's filing obligations. This means that an individual may report his or her taxes inaccurately but without the intention to commit fraud. According to Daily, "Although auditors are trained to look for fraud, they do not routinely suspect it. They know the tax law is complex
Tax Returns for C Corporation and Partnerships Tasty Treats and Beverages is a registered company in the United States. The company was incorporated in 2004, and operates under the C Corporation for the tax purpose. A C-corporation refers as a business entity subject to the federal income tax. A company operating under the C Corporation can enjoy host of tax credit that can assist it to enjoy a tax reduction that
Tax Advise Table of Contents (optional) Louise is aged 50 and single. Since 1994 she has carried on a retail business as a sole trader. Her trading profits as adjusted for tax purposes and after capital allowances, for the year ended 30th April 2009 were $150,000. The business is carried out from a number of valuable retail outlets, all of which are owned by Louise personally. These units have been acquired over a
If the decision is made to remain affiliated with the taxpayer, the member should ensure that the error is neither repeated nor perpetuated. Conclusion The rules and regulations implemented for tax service providers and other officials working with taxpayer clients are established in order to ensure the stability and ethical values of the position. Taxpayers are very important, as they uphold the economics and financial health of their community and their
The other side of this is that the companies have to spend finances in areas of language training or job training when they outsource. However, over the years, many U.S.-based companies haven't been discouraged by these additional costs because the overall costs of outsourcing with the job training session and language teaching and outplacement requirements are still far less when compared to the costs that they would have to endure
professional VAT (value added tax) advice for the managing director of the Grape Limited. The Grape Limited is a U.S. multinational company and decides to incorporate new companies that provide supply management services, management company, manufacturing company and marketing companies. The management company will deliver supply management services to foreign services providers. On the other hand, the manufacturing company will focus on the electronic parts, and marketing company will
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