Self-Efficacy
Develop an operational definition of self-efficacy.
Self-efficacy is the estimated likelihood of successful completion of a complex task by an individual. In a counseling setting, this would mean successful treatment for a patient's complex personal or interpersonal complaint. A counselor with higher self-efficacy perception would be more likely to take diverse and complex cases, while a lower self-efficacy perception would result in a more uniform and less-challenging caseload.
Construct a 10-item survey to measure the self-efficacy of the counseling students.
Gender (F or M)
Rate your overall preparedness to enter professional counseling (Likert scale 1-10)
Did you take the online or land-based program? (A or B)
Do you expect to graduate the program?
How well do you perform in most classes in general?
What is your overall GPA in the Master's program?
How motivated were you to finish this program? (Likert scale 1-10)
Was there more direct participation or observation in your class experience? (Likert scale 1-10, with direct participation at 1 and observation at 10)
9. Rate how much you agree or disagree: This class was much more difficult at the beginning than the end (Disagree =0 to Strongly agree = 5). Alternative: Tests were more difficult at the beginning of the course than at the end (agree or disagree).
Briefly discuss your rationale for the items you included.
Question 1 asks gender on the premise that genders perceive their performance differently on various tasks (Bandura 2002, p. 279). Question 3 is the operative separation between online and land-based groups and allows for anonymity. Question 2 is a direct self-efficacy ranking, with questions 4, 5 and 6 attempting to cross-question this result with more generalized efficacy as per Bandura, 2006 (176), with GPA attempting to quantify how close efficacy matches assessed performance. Question 7 attempts to control for motivation, so different efficacy results can be compared for similar motivation levels as per Bandura (1977, p. 205), with similar justification for Q. 10. Bandura (1977) argues vicarious learning is weaker than direct experience (197), so question 8 attempts to quantify how participatory the class experience was, built to test if land-based classes are more participatory than an online class.
Briefly describe your method of data collection and data analysis.
All students in both groups will take the survey as part of their required coursework, to minimize self-selection by either highly or poorly motivated groups, after Institutional Review Board approval of use on human subjects. I will compare group…
Oil and Gas Development of Two Important Materials in Earth's Early History According to scientists, Earth began its life 4.6 billion years ago, when cosmic dust collided to form increasingly large particles. These particles, after millions of years of colliding and increasing in mass, eventually formed the Earth, with a mass similar to what it is today (5.9736 x 1024 kg or 5,973,600,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg) . Soon, the Earth's atmosphere began to form,
Young adults are on the threshold between youthful behaviors and the adult world. Humans in their late teens begin to accept responsibilities for their own lives and learn to depend upon themselves financially, socially, and psychologically. This is also the time when they make life choices which will ultimately shape their futures and the people they eventually become. Renowned theorist Daniel Levinson defines adult development in the age between 17
French New Wave French cinema, by the time the second world war ended, was faced with a crisis fittingly summarized by posters that advertised Mundus-Film (distributors for First National, Goldwyn, and Selig). These posters implied that the cannon operated by America's infantrymen launched film after film targeted at the French. La Cinematographie francaise (soon to become the leading French trade journal) claimed that every week 25,000 meters of film imported
Smoking Cessation Drugs The majority of smokers who try to quit smoking do so from six to nine times during their lives. This research paper, which focuses on smoking cessation drugs, includes a survey the researcher conducted at three medical facilities. Forty participants relate details regarding their attempts to quit smoking. "…Quitting smoking is one of the best things [one] can do for […his/her] health. Most smokers try to quit 6-9 times in
Scale to Measure Celebrity Endorsers In this study by Ohanian, a scale used in measuring celebrity endorsers' expertise, trustworthiness as well as attractiveness is developed. Psychometric scale development protocols are followed for testing the data reliability and validity as well. In addition, this study uses two exploratory and confirmatory samples to initiate a 15-item scale measuring the celebrity endorsers' characteristics. This article complies fully with Churchill's recommendations in several fronts as
Preliminary Research ProposalPurpose of Research ProposalA research proposal is intended to achieve two things: to present why a research problem is to be studied and to state the most viable ways of conducting the study. Research proposals are conducted per the design elements and procedures established as standards in the predominant discipline in which the problem resides. This creates exacting guidelines by which research proposals are developed. These guidelines, while
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now