Literature Review: Community Policing
Cordner's (2014) work in "The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing" provides a foundational understanding of community policing. He defines community policing as a philosophy and practice that encourages proactive community engagement to address the causes of crime and societal issues. Cordner emphasizes the importance of resources in implementing community policing strategies effectively. He argues that adequate funding, personnel, and training are crucial for the success of community policing initiatives. This aligns with the thesis by showing how resource constraints can hinder the ability of law enforcement agencies to engage effectively in community policing practices. Cordner's analysis is particularly relevant to the research question as it supports the relationship between resource availability and the efficacy of community policing.
Dubal's (2012) article provides a critical perspective on the challenges faced by community policing in the post-9/11 era, particularly focusing on the impact of federal surveillance programs. This source is valuable for understanding the external factors that contribute to resource constraints in local law enforcement. Dubal argues that the shift towards federal surveillance and counterterrorism efforts post-9/11 has led to a reallocation of resources, which in turn has negatively impacted community policing initiatives. This perspective supports the thesis by demonstrating how changes in national priorities and funding can undermine local community policing efforts, leading to reduced public trust and compromised community safety.
Greene's (2000) comprehensive analysis of community policing in America discusses the evolution of policing strategies and the role of community policing in this transformation. He highlights the "plasticity" of the concept of community policing, noting that its implementation varies widely across different contexts. This variability, according to Greene, is partly due to the differing levels of resources allocated to community policing initiatives. His work supports the thesis by showing that inconsistent resource allocation leads to varied interpretations and implementations of community policing, which can affect public trust and community safety. Greene's insights are particularly relevant to this research as they provide a broader context for understanding how resource constraints can impact the nature and effectiveness of community policing.
These three sources collectively support the thesis that resource constraints significantly impede the ability of law enforcement agencies to implement effective community policing strategies. Cordner provides a foundational understanding of the resource needs for effective community policing, Dubal offers insight into how external factors like federal priorities can impact resource allocation, and Greene discusses the variability in community policing practices...
…by showing how broader political and security priorities can divert resources away from local community policing, affecting its efficacy.Public Support and Perception
Skogan and Hartnett (2019) contribute to the thesis by discussing the role of public support as a critical resource. They argue that the lack of public support can be a significant constraint, impacting the effectiveness of community policing. This aligns with the thesis by suggesting that resource constraints are not only financial but also encompass public trust and collaboration.
Potential challenges to the thesis include these issues:
Plasticity of Community Policing
Greene (2000) acknowledges the impact of resource constraints, but he also points out the inherent "plasticity" of community policing its meaning and implementation vary greatly across different contexts. This variability suggests that the relationship between resource constraints and the effectiveness of community policing might not be straightforward or uniform across all cases.
Conflicting Values and Prioritization
Thacher (2001) also offers a perspective that could potentially negate or complicate the thesis. He discusses how conflicting values in community policing, exacerbated by resource constraints, can lead to prioritization dilemmas. This implies that the challenges in implementing community policing might not solely be a matter of resources but also of how these resources are allocated…
References
Cordner, G. (2014). Community policing. The Oxford handbook of police and policing, 148-171.
The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing (squarespace.com)Dubal, V. (2012). The demise of community policing: The impact of post-9/11 federalsurveillance programs on local law enforcement. Asian Am. LJ, 19, 35.
Greene, J. R. (2000). Community policing in America: Changing the nature, structure, andfunction of the police. Criminal justice, 3(3), 299-370.
Parlow, M. J. (2011). The great recession and its implications for community policing. Ga. St.
UL Rev., 28, 1193.
Skogan, W. G., & Hartnett, S. M. (2019). Community policing. Police innovation: Contrastingperspectives, 27-44.
Thacher, D. (2001). Conflicting values in community policing. Law and society review, 765-798.
5-798.
Community Policing Efficacy The Violent Crime Control & Law Enforcement Act of 1994 heralded the beginning of a massive effort to reform policing strategies in the United States, in part through implementation of community-policing programs at the local level. Congress has allocated billions of federal dollars over the years since to support such efforts and by the end of the 20th century, close to 90% of all police departments serving communities
Community Policing One of the renowned names in community policing is Sir Robert Peel who helped found the London Metropolitan Police unit that was meant to be closer to the people than any other time before. Sir Robert had the objective of creating a community where "…the police are the public and the public are the police…" as indicated by Braiden, (1992). He envisioned a community where the idea of policing
Community policing is a strategy that requires both new attitudes and commitments from citizens and new attitudes and commitments from police officers. It builds on the basic practices of policing by emphasizing cooperation between the police department and the citizenry, by emphasizing the prevention of crimes as opposed to just catching perpetrators, and by developing long-term solutions to existing and potential problems in the community (U.S. Department of Justice [DOJ],
Community policing is a philosophy that endorses organizational strategies, which support the orderly use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime (Community Policing Defined, n.d.). Customarily, police organizations have responded to crime after it takes place and, therefore, are planned to support routine patrol, rapid response to calls for service, arrests,
Community Policing According to the United States Department of Justice's Community Oriented Policing Services Website, "Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime." Community policing is defined in similar ways throughout local police departments, although there are enough
Community Policing Instructions: Review literature locate article study addressing a Criminal Justice Organization deals: Community Policing Changes operations a result terrorist attacks 9/11 if a corrections facility, operations a result technology, regulations, demographics. Changes within a criminal justice organization: Community policing article review Lord, V.B., Kuhns, J.B., & Friday, P.C. (2009). Small city community policing and citizen satisfaction. Policing, 32(4), 574-594. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13639510911000713 Community policing has become a popular approach to improve neighborhood-police relations in many
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now