¶ … Student Critically Evaluate a Selected Reading, Reviewi
There are a number of highly unusual, but seemingly valuable points raised in this work of Kohn's entitled Punished by Rewards. At various times in this document, the author appears to advocate abandoning a system of grades (yet not necessarily assessment), exploring new ways to teach, and eschewing conventional systems of rewards. What is most interesting about this manuscript is the author also advocates discontinuing the usage of punishments within an educational, classroom setting, and instead appealing to the talents and insight of instructors to create and utilize curriculum that can truly engage the student intrinsically. Many of the author's points appear valid (particularly since a number of them are substantiated by empirical evidence) and have the potential to transform classroom learning and the potential for students to perceive learning in a much more positive way than they currently do.
The most fundamental concept at the core of all of these ideas is that external motivations -- whether in the form of punishments or rewards -- detract from the learning process. According to the author, students should want to learn because they are interested in the subject or a practical application of the subject. Moreover, he claims that when they are motivated positively or negatively, via either rewards or punishments, educators are actually manipulating them. The correlation between manipulation and a long-term devotion and respect for learning is fleeting, as best. By adopting this stance, Kohn is effectively undermining or devaluing some of the most practiced concepts in organized education within classroom settings. Pedagogues routinely reward positive behavior while issue punitive measures for negative behavior. This form of manipulation, the author claims, not only damages students but effectively dulls their true appreciation for learning -- which in turn engenders even more damage.
It is also important to understand the ramifications of Kohn's viewpoint regarding the ills of extrinsic motivations. Instead of attempting to manipulate students and coerce them into learning, pedagogues actually need...
Reading Strategies Teaching young people to read isn't the easiest task in the world, but in order to prepare children for their future educational journeys -- and for life as intelligent citizens -- they need to learn to read. And they need to learn to read well because it opens doors, it inspires stories and takes the reader on journeys -- not because schools require reading and it's something they "have
Issues like self-esteem can impact prognosis. Students who are highly motivated, highly intelligent, and highly confident are the most likely to succeed and excel in spite of their reading disorder or in some cases, because of it. Learning how to maximize strengths in other academic areas can help students with reading disorders build self-esteem. Similarly, students who are able to ask for and receive assistance in subject areas rich
Reading Education Special needs and special education students have traditionally had more immediate needs in cooperative learning settings when compared to typical students. To be an effective teacher is not always as easy as telling the students to just sit-down and read. Teachers have to understand that there can be less obvious problems at hand like dyslexia, AD/HD, or English as a second language to name a few. When there are
This needs to be role modeled by the peers and adults with whom the young child comes in contact. When children observe this strong positive interest in learning, be it through reading books, playing word games, telling stories or many other activities, they will surely follow suit. First, they have an innate desire to learn. Second, they want their actions to receive a positive reaction. Third, more than anything,
Reading Education: How much is enough? In general, the conclusions regarding research about current student's reading education are that students do not read enough, either in class or on their own. But given this accepted truism, that students are not reading up to standard, the second question is what must teachers do inside the classrooms to ensure that students are reading adequate amounts of literature. Also, does mere volume ensure that
Reading is an activity that many people take for granted. Here in America it is easy for us to take for granted a fully stocked library, or access to hundreds of classic works through our computers. Yet, I wonder how many people actually take advantage of these rich opportunities that they have? With all of the study guides and assorted methods of getting around reading, why do it? Is something
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