Strategic Context of Sub-Saharan Africa
In response to the political administration of United States, interest in Africa changes. It is either decreased or increased. Cuba, China, France and Soviet Union are among those countries that have been influences for decades by the African continent which had pulled attraction of many towards itself. Africa has also been assisted by an economically powerful country i.e. United States. This continent had been able to gather a large number of consumers that were around 600 million. But this potential for the economic investment and growth was slowed down because of the instability. Another reason for this was the increase in the rate of migration (AERC, 2010).
Because of the foreign policy, Africa and United States were not able to maintain a close relationship as cold war came to an end. The strategy that had been used by United States was to make efforts to prevent communism from spreading. This was to work as the groundwork for U.S. interests on the African affairs. After this was achieved by United States, the relationship with Africa was not very good. U.S. did not showed much interest for issues such as economic development, establishment of the government etc. which was being faced by Africa (AERC, 2010).
The changes were also made in USA's strategy as communism and Soviet Union declined. These changes were the result of many of the social issues including military and political corruption and civil unrest making in hard for the region to remain stable. Africa being an underdeveloped continent needs assistance. United States were considered to be a leading nation with the capability of providing assistance. The unstable situation of Africa was an opportunity for the other countries to interfere in the important affairs of this continent. United States was not showing much concern towards the declining situation of Africa since the event of Post Cold War. The major question regarding U.S. policy towards Africa was in its foreign policy i.e. Is America committed towards Africa's Future or is American foreign policy towards that continent-- A Mirage? This issue requires a comprehensive analysis. No matter what U.S. policy is, the criteria should be defined well so that the priorities could be established and secondly it should be established on the basis of the interests of U.S. (Cumbo, 2003).
Current Situation in Africa
The major issues that have become a challenge for the African countries are poor governance, widespread diseases, debt and poverty. If one country of Africa is facing problems in economic growth, societal interests or the political stability, the other countries are also influenced by this. The average growth of population in Africa is 2.6% and the economic growth is slower than this growth of population. Moreover, a large population of Africa approximately 25 million people is also suffering from AIDS/HIV. This means that among the total infected people in the worldwide i.e. 36 million, 70% of them are in Africa. Terrorism and poverty also adds urgency to this rising population. This prevents the countries of Africa to get developed and now 34 countries are ranked as the least developed nations of the world. In the year 1996 there were just 27 countries that were ranked as least developed (Paez et al., 2010).
Ways in which Africa can be developed changes with the years. All countries of Africa are not the same. Such countries do exist which are wealthy. They can provide a better future to Africa. Other countries are not much rich. Currently they are poor and they are expected to remain the same in the future years. These countries are inaccessible. They may not be able to play a vital role in contributing to the development of Africa. All the five regions of Africa have enough significance when considering its trading, economic development and the population. The policymakers of U.S. have recorded fewer resources compared to the actual resources of the continent. The status of U.S. decreases when its interference in Africa decreases and the status increases and they become more important when they interfere more (Paez et al., 2010).
Africa's Area of Significance
Social Significance to the U.S.
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