¶ … statistical test (SPSS Output) is effective as far as it goes in this particular case, but the results are not as clear as what they could be. A number of variables were used to generate results that on the surface were easily defined but a more analytical approach shows that the results could be much more comprehensive. The variables included three groups; low, medium and high scores depending on the respondent's answers to 10 questions. Additional variables included the gender of the respondent as well as the number of respondents in each category. Other variables could include the questions themselves and how the questions were written. Since there were only ten total questions, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire are two unspoken variables that should have been addressed. SPSS serves a primary purpose of measuring the output from the respondents question, but since they questions were seeking qualitative responses, the SPSS may not have been the best methodology for assessment. One of the best things about SPSS is that the researcher can plug in the data and that SPSS will automatically provide a comprehensive analysis. Such a program does not necessarily mean that the analysis is measuring what the researcher wished...
Understanding reliability and validity becomes important then from the researcher's viewpoint. Attempting to determine whether the data measures what it sets out to measures can often be described as one of the primary functions of the research and in this particular case, it does not seem that the results are particularly valid. Regarding reliability of the data means that testing quantitative data in order to evaluate if it is reliable or not. Many experts believe that reliability in assessing qualitative data (such as the data in this study) is irrelevant, and according to Golafashani (2003) "the difference in purposes of evaluating the quality of studies in quantitative and qualitative research is one of the reasons that the concept of reliability is irrelevant in qualitative research" (p. 601). Stenbacka (2001) went even further, writing that the very concept of reliability in qualitative research is misleading at best, and that "if a qualitative study is discussed with reliability as a criterion, the consequence is rather that the study is no good" (p. 552). In this case the data is more qualitative in nature, and perhaps a different test would have been applicable.
SPSS Exercise Each problem below describes a different research question. For each problem, you will state the null and alternative hypotheses, determine which statistical test is appropriate to answer each question, run the analysis using SPSS and the accompanying data set from Blackboard, and then draw a conclusion based on the results of the analysis. Keep all of your SPSS output from running each analysis. A researcher wishes to assess whether vitamin
High School Longitudinal Study Dataset Using SPSS Software Scenarios 1. This section determines African citizen's perceptions about their current level of democracy. The study uses 2015 Afrobarometer data to determine whether the current level of African democracy is statistically different from the value of 6. Have series of reforms increased African views on the level of democracy? The study uses the following variables to answer the research question: Level of democracy: ten years ago
Leadership Effectiveness Inventory Data Reliability Analysis After collecting data from the Nordic questionnaires, a reliability test was carried out to ascertain whether the nine scales used could predict overall satisfaction with the manager as a leader. The analysis found the scales reliable and moreover, it was apparent that reducing the questions in the questionnaires could not compromise data reliability. In addition, communication, planning/execution and teamwork were proved to be the best predictors
Regression, Correlation: Effect of IQ on GPA Effective teaching begins with understanding the thinking and reasoning abilities of one's students and devising ways to ensure that the classroom setting is accommodative of the inherent differences in cognitive capabilities and that all students get to benefit from the learning process. One way of measuring a child's intellectual ability is by administering the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -- Forth Edition (WISC-IV), which
Job Outing This research was done to identify any relationship to job satisfaction and a recent company outing to Camp Feel Good. Essentially, the manager is doing this experiment to determine how effective Camp Feel Good attendance is on employee's attitudes. u1= mean of employees who attended meeting and did not increase job satisfaction u0 = mean of employees who attended meeting and increased job satisfaction u1 > u0 Null: H0: u1 /
Good researchers tend to pull methods out of a tool kit as they are needed" (2006, p. 54). Notwithstanding these criticisms and constraints, though, most social researchers seem to agree that classification by some type of research paradigm is a useful approach based on the need to determine which approach is best suited for a given research enterprise. In this regard, Corby concludes that, "The contested nature of research
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