Statistical Significance and Meaningfulness

Statistical Significance and Meaningfulness

Scenario

Critically evaluate the sample size

To begin with, sample size is very significant. In this particular scenario, the sample size is much more 30, and therefore considered to be a large sample size. Owing to the large sample size, it is expected that the sampling error will be small. And, a small sampling error results in a significant test, in most cases. This is similar to the results proclaimed by the statements.

Critically evaluate the statements for meaningfulness

In assessing the statements for statistical significance it can be said that the statistical p value ought to be employed solely to gauge as to whether the null hypothesis has been rejected, and not whether any other hypotheses such as H1 and H2 have been accepted. Therefore, the statements are meaningful (Page, 2014).

Critically evaluate the statements for statistical significance

The statements are statistically significant. This is because as denoted, the obtained p value was rapidly approaching the 0.05 p value. The implication is that, the likelihood of the random variation alone accounts for the difference is negligible, and therefore it can be said that the outcome is statistically significant. More so, the test statistic surpassed the critical value and therefore the null hypothesis is rejected, and therefore the difference is deemed statistically significant (Page, 2014).

Based on your evaluation, provide an explanation of the implications for social change

It is important to note that being statistical significant does not necessarily imply that the variance is significant from the clinical or social change point-of-view. Taking into account that the sample size is a large one, the small differences have very minimal or social change importance and therefore is deemed statistically significant.

Scenario 2

Critically evaluate the sample size

The sample size was considerably large as it was more than 30. Taking this into consideration, with the large sample, it is expected that the sampling error is small. This therefore result to a significant test. However, an aspect regarding the sample size that can easily skew the results is that the number of women was greater compared to the number of men and therefore can easily impact the quality of results obtained from the study.

Critically evaluate the statements for meaningfulness

In this case, the statements cannot be considered to be meaningful solely, because only the null hypothesis cannot be used to determine the results obtained from the study.

Critically evaluate the statements for statistical significance