Federal vs. State Crime
While some crimes are deemed to be state crimes, others are considered to be federal crimes. In essence, a vast majority of crimes are heard and determined in state courts as they happen to be state crimes. In seeking to distinguish between federal and state jurisdiction in prosecutions of a criminal nature, and in reference to crimes against persons, this text will concern itself with kidnapping. Kidnapping, in basic terms, has got to do with the illegitimate or illegal restraint/imprisonment and transfer of an individual from a specified place to another against his or her will (Carper, McKinsey, and West, 2007). Kidnapping could be prosecuted in either federal or state courts.
Kidnapping as a Federal Offense
When state lines are breached, then kidnapping automatically becomes a federal felony. More specifically, in the words of Bacigal (2008), “whoever unlawfully seizes, confines, inveigles, decoys, kidnaps, abducts, or carries away and holds for ransom or reward or otherwise any person when the person is willfully transported in interstate or foreign commerce” commits a federal offense as per the Federal Kidnapping Act. It is important to note that it is presumed that the transportation of a victim of kidnapping across...
The last and final level of the federal court system is the U.S. Supreme Court. A federal defendant begins his case in the District Court, but can appeal decisions. Because there is an essential difference between the violation of state and local laws and the violation of federal laws, it would seem as if federal law enforcement agents would play a different role from state or local agents. Pop media
But an open system of prevention could be the alternative. It would subject the court or legislature to closer and public scrutiny (Robinson). President Lyndon Johnson's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice was viewed as the single and most influential postwar American criminal justice policy (Coles and Kelling 1999). Its wisdom, contained the policy's main report, "The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society, published in 1967, swiftly
4-8). While these standard procedure are relevant in the preservation of any crime scene, certain specifications exist when dealing with the unique challenges associated with the different types of crime scenes including homicides, rapes, arson, and nighttime crime scenes. For instance, in the case of homicide, as well as the aforementioned steps, the area must be preserved for trace evidence such as fingerprints. In the case of rapes or sexual
Crime of Rape on Men Despite the technological, moral and intellectual advancement of our society today, there are still those among us who condemn and abhor homosexuality and the people associated with it.The daily lives of many homosexual men are overshadowed by the fear of homophobic (an extreme and irrational aversion to homosexuality and homosexual people) hate crimes. It is a reality that their fear and risk of being abused or
Crime Trends in Indiana, 1981-2011 With an economy founded on agriculture and industry, and few blighted urban centers, Indiana's crime rates in all indexed categories have historically been lower than the national average. However, data collected between 1995 and 2005 shows a disturbing trend: the crime rate for many categories is declining in the rest of the country faster than in the state of Indiana. This data is shown in Figure
crime statistics goes far beyond mere tables, numbers, techniques and formulas. Through the effective use of this information it is possible to garner a greater understanding of the individuals who make up the criminal world, the types of crimes that these criminals participate in, and how best to control crime (McDonald, 2002). In the United States there are two primary sources for crime data. The first source is done
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