Freud & Foucault: Comparing Two Theories of Human Behavior
Psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), and linguistic anthropologist Michel Foucault (1926-1984), came from two different European cities (Freud from Vienna; Foucault from Paris) lived at different times, and developed entirely different theories of human behavior. Freud believed human drives and impulses originate from the unconscious; and external social repression of unconscious impulses (early messages about "right" and "wrong" from parents, teachers, other authority figures, and from society) give way to internal formation of the id (unconscious desire); the ego (a person's sense of who he or she is); and the superego (an internalized parent constantly reminding the individual, based on early socialization, of what is the "right" thing to do, instead of the "wrong" thing, in terms of society's expectations of the individual). It is in fact the id/ego/superego theory for which Freud is best known.
Freud also believed, in relationship to the id/ego/superego theory, that all human drives and desires originate (in infancy) with sexual desires and impulses, and that learned repression of those sexual impulses (begun in later childhood, and reinforced throughout life) is what causes development of the three building blocks of the human personality, the id, the ego, and the superego....
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