Running head: WEEK OUTLINE 1
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Social Anxiety Disorder
I. Introduction
Social anxiety disorder is termed as Social Phobia in DSM-5 (2013). The conversation can be inadequately assertive or overly submissive or, less generally, highly dominated by individuals with a social anxiety disorder. They can show an excessively stiff posture of the body or insufficient contact with the eyes, or speak in an overly polite manner. Individuals with Social Anxiety Disorder may seem reluctant to open to anybody while having a conversation. They tend to be reserved with people around them (APA, 2013).
A. Social anxiety disorder is a neuropsychological disorder resulting from modifications in the neurological system, which results in psychological issues related to mental health.
B. Diagnostic Criteria
According to the DSM-5, Diagnostic Criteria for a social anxiety disorder is such that there is noticeable fear or anxiety and it is linked to social situations in which an individual is expected to be observed by other people. An individual has a fear that if he or she acts in a certain way that demonstrates anxiety symptoms, then he/she will be assessed negatively. Social situations almost always trigger fear or anxiety. The individual avoids social situations or tolerates them with excessive fear or anxiety. The fear or anxiety is not even equal to the real threat assumed by the social situation. The duration of the anxiety, fear, or avoidance is somewhat around six months or more. Impairment in important functioning areas such as social and occupational results because of fear, anxiety, or avoidance is evident. Clinically significant distress is also seen in individuals. It cannot be said that fear, anxiety, or avoidance is the physiological effect of the use of any medication or drug or any medical condition. Other disorders such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder cannot explain fear, anxiety, or avoidance. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is separate and or excessive is any medical condition is present (APA, 2013).
Physical and psychological signs and symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder: Many effects on the mind and body arise from a social anxiety disorder. This leads to symptoms that are physical, emotional, and behavioral. Trembling, sweating, elevated heart rate, and nausea are physical signs. When speaking, a rigid body posture and a trembling voice. Fear of feeling anxiety in front of the media, low self-esteem, and negative self-talk are psychological symptoms. The person often responds sensitively to criticism (Litner, 2020).
B. Reasons for Choosing Topic
I have chosen this topic since I have seen many people experiencing social anxiety around me. People with social anxiety seem to be quiet, withdrawn, aloof, inhibited, and quiet. They do not mix with other people so easily. They have a common fear that resists them from mixing with other people. They feel intense distress in new situations. I have specifically chosen this topic because one of my close relatives experiences social anxiety. I have seen her signs and symptoms, and I have seen how she has missed many opportunities because of her social anxiety. I chose to read about this topic to understand this disorder in a more detailed and comprehensive manner.
II. Discussion
A. Detailed Description of Disorder
1. Signs and symptoms: Social anxiety...
This leads to physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Physical symptoms include trembling, sweating, increased heart rate, nausea, a firm body posture and trembling voice while speaking. Psychological symptoms include fear of experiencing anxiety in front of the
public, low self-esteem, and self-talk, which is negative. The individual also reacts sensitively towards criticism (Litner, 2020). Much research has also been conducted on understanding
epidemiology of SAD.
2. Epidemiology: Research...
…face their dreaded situations. (Bandelow et al., 2017).
3. Types of care providers: The first step is to get diagnosed. A mental health specialist does this. Later, a therapist can be made available for providing therapy for a combination of medication and psychotherapy.
4. Types of healthcare setting: Social anxiety disorder can be treated in an outpatient setting.
G. Future Areas of Research
Much research has been conducted on epidemiology, etiology and development of social anxiety disorder. It has contributed a lot in understanding the disorder in a detailed manner. however, many areas are still to be discovered. Future studies are needed to evaluate the stability over time of these candidate endophenotypes (endophenotype criterion 2) and identify genetic variants underlying the candidate endophenotypes. These promising results provide a starting point for follow-up studies on the genetic susceptibility to SAD. Moreover, neuroimaging and neurostimulation tools can be combined for future research. This can be helpful in understanding brain alterations in psychopathology and their functional implications (Bas-Hoogendam, 2020).
III. Conclusion
When a similar disorder demands attention (e.g., depression or alcohol), SAD is also reported. It has also been stated that many people do not consider social anxiety as a disease and think it is just part of their character and cannot be altered. Living with an undiagnosed or untreated illness may have major economic implications for individuals and society, including a diminished capacity to work and a loss of productivity, which can have a greater effect on people and society. Also, the spectrum of avoidant behaviors typically associated with social anxiety suggests that affected individuals can fail or be less able to cope socially, and the effects can be severe and enduring for young people at a period in their lives when relationships with others are particularly important (Jefferies & Ungar, 2020). It is therefore, necessary to provide help…
