In the study, individuals who were rated and perceived as "highly-affiliative" are perceived to be more expressive, and both highly-affiliative male and female participants of the study were identified as more expressive than participants with low affiliation ratings (532).
These findings support the claim earlier that the smile has complexly evolved as a form of non-verbal communication. Smiling is no longer treated or analyzed at "face value," since other factors, such as perceived personality traits of the individual, are attached in one's assessment of the individual's propensity to express his/her happiness through smiling. As in the words of the author, "...smiling...is mediated by differences in perceived dominance and affiliativeness of men and women rather than by gender per se..." (533).
Smiling in context / Situational smiling
Adding to the increasingly complex nature of smiling as a non-verbal act of communication is its variability when applied in specific situations or contexts of communication interaction. Zaalberg (2004) demonstrated the variability of human smiling when applied in two contexts: the expression of a funny joke by a stranger and an unfunny joke by a friend. These common and particularly specific contexts wherein smiling is the expected response behavior yielded important findings and insights into the study of smiling as a communication act.
It was found out that for both situations, "polite smiling" was the response given by the subjects, wherein the author discovered that an "increase in the duration of "polite" smiling" means there is an increase, on the individual's...
Nonverbal Communication Skills In in-person or face-to-face communication approximately 60% of the meaning is an outcome of non-verbal behaviour." We have actually all heard-- and stated -- "physical actions speak louder than words." Actions have been so essential to our communication that analysts have estimated that within face-to-face communication as much as 60% of the social meaning is a result of nonverbal behaviour. In other words, the meaning we appoint to
This expose the fact that non-verbal communication is imperative and effective because the eye, voice, or even touch sense is being used in a general conversation that are a part of non-verbal communication (Calero 2005). Sending and receiving silent gestures on a constant basis is the regular and unconscious practice during general interactions. This demonstrates that all the non-verbal behaviors of an individual during the general conversations such as the
Gestures whether voluntary or involuntary can be used to support a message or call attention to specific points in a delivery. Generally those gestures that appear natural and relaxed are more likely to send a message of self-confidence and less likely to detract from the speaker's message than those that are extreme. The authors suggests that rubbing or clenching hands may signify tension or anxiety and should be avoided
Nonverbal Communication Skill Although there is no consensus about the exact definition of "nonverbal communication" among experts, it is generally regarded as any communication conveyed through body movements (the "body language") and the intonations and emphasis that are given to words (also called the "paralinguistics"). The term "nonverbal Communication" may itself be relatively new but its importance has long been realized. Martin Luther, the 16th century protestant reformer, often advised his followers,
In other words, people are more interested in reading the tone, pitch of speaker's voice and pace of the words. This is very common when a group of people are sitting and having a conversation over a specific topic of interest or when discussing a social issue. Therefore, it can be well stated that language or words is not necessarily required when communicating with one another. Nonverbal communication is measured
Channels of CommunicationCommunication in a workplace occurs in various forms and use different channels. One of the critical components of communication is non-verbal communication, which varies based on culture and behavior. The situation in the case study demonstrates the significance of communication in an organization, particularly elements of non-verbal behavior. As evident in the scenario, most of the communication in the marketing department of a Fortune 500 consumer products company
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