SINGAPORE
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUE IN THE COUNTRY
Type of Governmental Structure in Singapore
Singapore, a sovereign republic; officially termed Republic of Singapore, is governed under the constitution of 1959 as amended, utilizes a parliamentary form of government. [footnoteRef:1]
Administrative Divisions of Government in Singapore [1: "Singapore." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. The Gale Group Inc. (2008). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1E1-Singapor.html (accessed February 11, 2011).]
The people elect the president, head of state, is for a six-year term. The president, in turn, appoints the prime minister to head the government. "The unicameral legislature consists of the 84-seat Parliament, whose members are popularly elected for five-year terms; additional members may be appointed. The supreme court, the nation's highest judicial body, has seven members." [footnoteRef:2] The People's Action party (PAP), Singapore's most significant political party, has been in power since 1959. [2: "Singapore." Government Section, ¶ 1.]
Based on the English common law, Singapore's legal system includes its Constitution which conveys the basic framework and fundamental principles for the three organs of state: The Executive, the Legislative and the Judiciary.[footnoteRef:3] [3: Singapore Government. "About the Singapore Government." (2011).http://www.gov.sg/government/web/content/govsg/classic/about_us (accessed February 11, 2011).]
Executive Branch of Government in Singapore
The Cabinet, accountable to Parliament and the entity responsible for the government's basic direction of the government, comprises Singapore's executive branch. "The Legislature comprises the Parliament and is the legislative authority responsible for enacting legislation."[footnoteRef:4] Acting on the Prime Minister's recommendations, the president also appoints other Ministers from among the Members of Parliament. The Prime Minister, the effective head of the executive branch of government, chairs the Cabinet, the primary decision-making body of Singapore's executive government. [4: Singapore Government. (2011).]
Judicial Branch of Government in Singapore
The function of the Judiciary, safeguarded by Singapore's constitution, is to independently administer justice.[footnoteRef:5] [5: Singapore Government. (2011).]
Political Parties and Leaders in Singapore
The People's Action Party (PAP), established November 21, 1954, depicts Singapore's ruling party. The PAP initially started as "a unity of two left-wing factions - the pro-socialist wing led by Lee Kuan Yew and the pro-communist wing led by Lim Chin Siong." Currently, the PAP, minus the group Siong led which broke away, comprises the longest-surviving; most successful political party in Singapore's history. Currently, Singapore reports having the sum of 43 active, dormant and historical parties. Singapore's active parties, to date, include:
1. Democratic Progressive Party
2. National Solidarity Party
3. People's Action Party
4. People's Liberal Democratic Party
5. Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Singapura
6. Reform Party
7. Singapore Democratic Alliance
8. Singapore Democratic Party
9. Singapore Justice Party
10. Singapore People's Party
11. Singapore National Front
12. Workers' Party. [footnoteRef:6] [6: Guide Me Singapore. "Introduction to Singapore's Political System." (2011). http://www.guidemesingapore.com/relocation/introduction/singapores-political-system (accessed February 11, 2011). Singapore's Political Parties Section, ¶ 1-4.]
During 2006, Workers' Party (WP), the Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA) and the Singapore Democratic Party (SDP) comprised the three primary opposition parties vying for election.
Political Pressure Groups and Leaders in Singapore
These groups and leaders are not applicable for Singapore.[footnoteRef:7] [7: Singapore Government. (2011).]
International Organization Participation by Singapore
ADB, AOSIS, APEC, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, EAS, FATF, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNMIT, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO.[footnoteRef:8] [8: East and Southeast Asia: Singapore. (2011). The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency United States of America. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sn.html Economy Section (accessed February 14, 2011). ]
Diplomatic Representation in the U.S. For Singapore
Chief of mission: Ambassador CHAN Heng Chee
Chancery: 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008. [footnoteRef:9] [9: East and Southeast Asia: Singapore. (2011). Government Section.]
Diplomatic Representation from the U.S. To Singapore
Chief of mission: Ambassador David I. ADELMAN
Embassy: 27 Napier Road, Singapore 258508. [footnoteRef:10] [10: East and Southeast Asia: Singapore. (2011). Government Section.]
Flag of Singapore
Singapore National Flag formally adopted its national flag December 3, 1959. The red stands for Singapore's concepts of worldwide brotherhood and democracy while white signifies purity and virtuousness. The crescent of moon denotes Singapore, as a young country, in a development phase. The five stars on the flag correspond to Singapore's principles of equality democracy, justice, peace and progress.[footnoteRef:11] Figure 1 depicts the flag of Singapore. [11: Maps of World. "Singapore Flag." (2011). http://www.mapsofworld.com/flags/singapore-flag.html (accessed February 11, 2011).]
Figure 1: Flag of Singapore.[footnoteRef:12] [12: Maps of World. "Singapore Flag." (2011).]
National Capital Location of Singapore
Singapore city depicts the capital of Singapore as well as its largest city and primary port.[footnoteRef:13] Figure 3, in the next section of the paper, shows the capital's location. [13: Singapore. (2008).]
Date of independence and country from which independence was gained for Singapore
During the 16th century, Europe gained control of the Malaysian area. Britain founded Singapore as a British trading colony during...
This was usually the case with the proliferation of British rule at the time; trade was the predecessor to British Colonialism. For administrative purposes, Singapore became a part of Penang and Malacca which were two other settlements in the region. By 1826 these areas were grouped together and became known as the Straits Settlement. Initially the centre of the Straits Settlement was Penang. Penang was governed by Calcutta and
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