From the Communicable Disease Prevention and Control Act (Section 27), venereal diseases refer to ailments like gonorrhoea, granuloma, chlamydia, chancroid, syphilis, lymphopathia venereum and inguinale (Public Health Law Research, 2014). Established by the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), the California Regulations and Reportable Disease Information Exchange refer to a safe system used for automated disease diagnosis and monitoring. A number of certain conditions and diseases are authorized by State regulations and rules to be stated by laboratories and healthcare providers to the state healthcare agencies. The mission CPDH pursues is the enhancement of the efficacy of surveillance exercises as well as the quick identification of health occurrences amid public via the gathering of timely and up-to-date surveillance information across the State. This provides a platform for reporting as well as collection of health conditions in real time throughout the year. CPDHs and LHDs (or Local Health Departments) are both allowed to use recent infections and laboratory results for disease monitoring, case management operations and public health examinations (California Department of health, 2017b).California is quite distinct in the sense that, unlike a large number of the other states and the government, it possesses different subject-specific codes in place of just one code broken down into numbered headings. Breaking the law into titles or codes is a form of organization for the law. The state’s legislative arm promulgates new laws to serve as modifications to the various codes, in order to ease the law-checking process and to determine the identity of the present law. A different document which states regulations which have been officially accepted by state agencies is called the California Code of Regulations (CCR). State bodies develop laws so as to enforce laws which have been decreed by the legislative arm of the State.

Reportable diseases refer to those diseases which are seen as very important to public health. National, state and local agencies (e.g. state and country health offices) demand that these specific diseases should be reported whenever diagnosed by laboratories or doctors.

Reporting provides an opportunity for the gathering of statistics showing the frequency of occurrence of the disease. This aids researchers in identifying disease patterns and to follow disease epidemics. This information will help to prevent or manage later epidemics (California Department of Public Health, 2012a)

The CDPH program, which is organized and run by the “California Disease Emergency Response” (CDER) Program under the “Division of Communicable Disease Control” (DCDC), is broadly used by LHDs as well as healthcare personnel in California. Furthermore, more than 350 laboratories automatically submit their results to state public health...

As at now, all of the LHDs (61 in number) located within California apply CDPH somehow and LHDs apply the program for monitoring of all the report-worthy communicable infections.
An organizational framework has been created by the Secretary of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) which helps ensure the effective and efficient management of every aspect of the rehabilitative system as well as the inclusion of care, discipline, rehabilitation, custody, treatment, training and lastly employment for every inmate and parolee (California Department of Public Health, 2012a).

The carrot – incentives and sticks – punishments and enforcements are all identified within the regulation. Training programs are available for Technical Assistance and personnel. The major objective of the STD Control Branch is the reduction of the rate of transmission and the effect of viral hepatitis and STDs within California. This Branch backs the preventive measures via the provision of guidance, technical assistance, safety net support, leadership, training and surge capacity across the State which helps improve service delivery. This objective is achieved by collaboration with the local health officers and the private and public sector stakeholders (Brown, 2017; California Department of health, 2017a).

There exists a generic responsibility of every employer which is to create written procedures and systems for preserving the safety and health of the workers, which is determined after proper discussion with the health and safety representative or joint health and safety committee, if they exist. Some of these procedure and measures include (California Department of health, 2017b);

• Safe work activities;

• Safe working conditions;

• Proper hygienic procedures and the utilization of hygienic facilities;

• The management of infections (California Department of Public Health, 2012a)

In line with Californian laws, healthcare personnel have to report specific diseases or medical conditions to the community health officer handling the location in which the patient lives (Cal. Code Regulations, title 17, § 2500.) The local and State health offices are mandated by law to carry out infectious disease examinations and interventions. When a disease report is received, the community health officer then has to take whatever measures are necessary to investigate and control the reported condition, disease or outbreak (Cal. Code Regulations, title 17, § 2501.) In the same vein, community health officers have to develop outbreak and case reports on the individual and submit them to the State Department of Public Health. It is compulsory to provide confidential health information regarding the individual’s…