In the end, the punishment for using or creating pornography differs greatly by genre and by geographic area. Even in a specific area, the laws are constantly changing to meet the changing morals, or lack thereof, of society. Punishment for illegal use or creation of pornography can range anywhere from a fine to imprisonment in jail.
4. Why is pornography considered criminal or deviant?
Why pornography is considered criminal or deviant is a simple and a complex question. First, why pornography is considered criminal is quite simple. Pornography, at least in America, has close ties with organized crime (Anderson, 2002). Even if the product itself isn't criminal, this association makes it appear criminal. Add to this the fact that the illegal genres of pornography, such as child pornography, occur too often, and the fact that minors often end up the end users of pornographic materials, and one can begin to see that too much of the industry is based in criminal activities for it to be considered anything else.
Why pornography is considered deviant is a more complex question. One would think that something as natural as human sexuality would be considered just that, natural. However, pornography is often based on aspects of sexual desire that are not socially accepted or not natural. Whether it is the immoral portrayal of sex with multiple partners, or homosexual sex, or fetish pornography, these things do not sit well with the moral threadwork of society, despite the fact that a majority of that same society has at one time or another seen pornographic materials.
Besides the often hypocritical stance of immorality, the psychological effects of pornography have been another cause for it to be labeled deviant. Psychologist Edward Donnerstein (1980), of the University of Wisconsin, found that anti-social attitudes and behavior can result from even brief exposure to violent forms of pornography. When exposed to this type of pornographic materials, male viewers showed a tendency to be more aggressive toward women. They were also less empathetic to the pain and suffering of rape victims. and, these men were more willing to accept the various myths about rape. In addition, they found that exposure to violent pornography "lead to increased use of coercion or rape, increased fantasies about rape, and desensitization (occurred)...
Internet and Democracy In one sense, computers and the Internet are just a continuation of the communications revolution, starting with the printing press then continuing with the telegraph, telephone, motion pictures, radio and television. Could this be leading to a more fundamental change in history on the same level as the agricultural and industrial revolutions? This is a more problematic proposition. Of course, the idea of a post-industrial economy based on
Studying a sample of 153 top commercial Web sites directed at children under 13, the CME found that COPPA has spurred changes in Web sites' data collection practices. Web sites had limited the amount and type of information (e.g., name, postal address, phone number, age) collected from children, and there was a three-fold increase in the posting of privacy policy information explaining sites' data collection practices. A few sites
Islamic Marketing Strategy As the population of Muslims is increasing over time, there is also an increased demand of the introduction of Islamic principles in different sectors. One of these sectors that have seen a great deal of Islamization lately is the marketing sector. Muslims now want a marketing system that is in accordance with the laws of Shariah. One of the most projected examples of this is the introduction of
G., Emmers-Sommer et al., 2005). BIOLOGICAL BASES Several studies support the contention that catecholamines create more violent and less sensitive reactions to the opposite sex, acting like hormones or neurotransmitters in the system; common catecholamines are epinephrine, nonepinephrine, and dopamine. Zuckerman and Litle (1986) found that men scored higher than women on scales of curiosity about sexual and morbid events in media in a study of the related variables between sensation seeking
IT Ethics -- Annotated Bibliography Bowie, Norman E. (2005). Digital Rights and Wrongs: Intellectual Property in the Information Age. Business and Society Review, 110(1), 77-96. Norman Bowie takes great pains in his peer-reviewed article to point out what is legal an what is not legal when it comes to recording / taping from television and from the Internet. In fact Bowie uses an illegal issue (downloading music from the Internet) to present a moral
Figure 6 represents the cross-tabulation of religious service attendance with x-rated movie viewing. In this analysis, it is interesting to observe that weekly church attendance may "inoculate" respondents against watching an x-rated movie, but that no other level of religious involvement has a particular influence on porn consumption. Of the respondents who have seen an x-rated motive in the past year, their religious service attendance patterns follow the same
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now