Enterprise resource Planning (ERP) is a cross functional enterprise system that serves as framework to integrate and automate many of the business processes that must be accomplished within the manufacturing, logistics, distribution, accounting, finance and human resource functions of a business. ERP is a family of software modules that supports the business activities involved in back office processes. ERP software stores a lot of information that can be used in Supply Chain Management. "There's been no connection between an employee who needs a given product - say, a new laptop - and the end supplier. This is where major developments in business-to-business ecommerce have occurred. The basic idea is to connect a company's ERP system with the corporate end users who need the goods procured by the purchasing department. Using software from firms such as Ariba or Trade'ex, an enterprise establishes a corporate purchasing hub that integrates the company intranet with the ERP system, explained Daniel Aegerter, Trade'ex's CEO. Generally, this is done to handle so-called "indirect procurement" - the goods and services that support the company's operations" (Krapf 1999).
Previously, SCM operations were run by using information through Excel spreadsheet making the whole operations a cumbersome affair rather than a system in which information is flowing on a fast, reliable basis from all the areas of the company. ERP is the it solution that joins together all that information in a single application, and using this single source SCM can be run in a better way. Most companies that look for solution for their supply management first try to ERP. ERP helps then in streamlining all the different information spread in different directions. ERP is being recognized as a necessary ingredient for the efficiency, agility, and responsiveness to customers and suppliers that an e-business enterprise needs to succeed in the dynamic world of e-commerce.
Areas of Concern
Companies today are trying to reap more and more benefits from e-commerce particularly with reference to their supply chain management function. There are different questions and concerns that these companies should try to address if they want to get an edge in this changing and dynamic environment. Companies should look at both the long and short-term impacts of information exchanges and see what parts of the chain are most affected and what parts are most relevant. Also the companies should try to look for further improvements in the use of e-commerce in the supply chain management. For example, we can consider the case of inventories regarding which companies are making efforts. They would like to cut their inventories by improving forecasts, but even today no statistical model can forecast the day-to-day demand for a product with a three-month life cycle and thus what levels of safety stock to maintain. The industries that have product requiring shorter lead times and response cycles will have a different outlook...
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