5. Is there anything in the procedures for collecting the information or in the instruments themselves that could bias the results or weaken the study?
The author does not describe the source of his schools merely stating the inclusive and exclusive criteria that they satisfied. The schools, all in Milwaukee, had to satisfy three main criteria: firstly that the program under study was introduced during a period when rating were available, secondly, that the number of schools introducing the program must be sufficient for statistical results, and thirdly, that there should be sufficient and adequate comparison groups. His research seems immune to bias.
The author does, however, mention the possibility of bias in the appearance of marks and the schools that were chosen and concludes that the most likely bias that he could see occurring in the producing of the data was selection bias, namely that the schools may have been specially selected due to particularly low of high test scores that would have either regressed to the mean even without intervention or would have been too challenging to maintain.
6. Is the magnitude of the correlation or difference among the groups large enough to suggest practical significance or importance?
Although questions exist -- and the author discusses these at length -- the Target Teach program does show statistical significance. Correlations amongst the groups showed that amongst the schools using 'Target Teach' curriculum, and schools employing Direct Instruction average rating...
For example, with respect to the leadership support area developed by Bryk, Korkmaz (2006) reports that in some cases, collecting primary data are required to make informed decisions, particularly with respect to human resource decisions. In his study of 842 teachers working in 42 elementary schools, Korkmaz operationalized the dimensions in this area as described in Table 2 below. Table 2 Operationalization of Elementary School Climate and Leadership Dimensions Dimension Definition Instruments Used School vision This dimension
School Overcrowding Curriculum Brady, K.P, Balmer, S., & Phenix, D. (2007). School -- Police Partnership Effectiveness in Urban Schools: An Analysis of New York City's Impact Schools Initiative. Education and Urban Society, 39(4), 455 -- 478. This article is about safety in schools, especially in the schools of teenagers, such as middle schools and high schools. The article begins by stating a number of reasons or factors that have contributed to the increased
If school uniforms are implemented, universally the culture of the school becomes visibly white washed and some would argue that such a change does not prepare students for "real" life nor stress the value of individuality in such a way that students feel or respond to real social situations they may face as adults that include diverse appearances. Many also argue that though some students may benefit from structures
Transportation Students who are bussed to a larger school can use the time to be productive; reading, homework, etc. 1.5-2 hours per day of commuting is unacceptable for students and will eat into their family and work time. Opportunities A larger school will provide greater opportunity for social networks, sports, music, drama, and more extracurricular activities. Loss of community will make the younger students uncomfortable as well. Academics A larger school will provide greater academic opportunities for
Data Warehousing: A Strategic Weapon of an Organization. Within Chapter One, an introduction to the study will be provided. Initially, the overall aims of the research proposal will be discussed. This will be followed by a presentation of the overall objectives of the study will be delineated. After this, the significance of the research will be discussed, including a justification and rationale for the investigation. The aims of the study are to
They predict age and gender variations relate to bullying concerns. Of the 25 cartoons implemented in the study, two depict characters with different shades of skin color where skin color appeared to be an issue. One cartoon relating to sexual orientation was not used in several countries. Smith et al. report Olweus to assert bullying to be characterized by the following three criteria: 1. It is aggressive behavior or intentional
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