¶ … Hemingway's " Hills Like White Elephants"
Two people romantically involved, arrive at a crossroad. Hemingway creates the perfect setting for this kind of situation: a small railroad station, placed between two railways, in a desert like scenery. A range of big white barren hills no one could ignore, borders one side of this scenery. The big city will be their destination if they both decided they should continue their journey together and board that train. The window is small: the train only stops there for two minutes. The girl, as the author calls her in the beginning, is pregnant. A new life would change everything. The unexpected pregnancy means the baby will add a new dimension to what they had been experiencing together, which is travelling without a worry about anything or anyone else, but their own happiness and well-being. Nothing new. There are endless rows of couples who go through similar experiences every day. They way they handle it depends on countless factors.
Embarked on their selfish love affair's journey, Hemingway's lovers expected new experiences, new beverages, new sites, new worlds. They demanded novelty and felt perfectly happy savoring it. They did not prepare for the responsibility of a new life. Human beings like to plan. Human beings have the right to seek happiness, fall in love, enjoy their relationship and get the best out of it. The American unnamed man in Hemingway's short story did not prepare for the imminent arrival of a baby, therefore he thought of the best way to deal with it: abortion.
Abortion was supposed to make everything go back to normal. The girl wants their life to continue unaltered, on the other side she is waiting for a sign. She is the passive partner. It is the classical story of men who want to live free and uninhibited and women who like living free and uninhibited as well, until they face the imminent perspective of becoming mothers and get into the next room of their love affair.
Hemingway's story is written between the Two World Wars. The U.S. was going through tremendous changes in the department of birth control at that time. Some people were demanding control, hoping to take charge of their own lives, by deciding how many children they were willing or able to take care of. On the other side, an important share of society was fiercely fighting against the idea of birth control or contraception. Sex is humanity's biggest problem, after all. Christianity asks for Jesus to be chaste and Catholicism asks for Mary not only to be a virgin, but to keep her chastity for the rest of her life. Moreover, Catholicism claims Virgin Mary was born out of an immaculate conception herself. Sexual relationships are thus taken out of the equation by one of the biggest religions of the last two millennia.
The pill came to symbolize not only freedom, but also power for the women. If until then, a woman could have used an unplanned pregnancy only in the hope that the man would take responsibility and marry her, once the pill came on the market, a woman got the control over every aspect of her life, including the possibility to postpone marriage for as long as she wished for without having to postpone the rest of the pleasures of life.
Hemingway must have been perfectly aware of the social and political aspects of the debate over birth control and contraception that was going on in the U.S. during the first two decades of the twentieth century. An unplanned pregnancy was a matter of life and death, violently taking the fun out of the play. The story of the man and the woman in "Hills Like White Elephants" could be just about any young American couple. They sit there, in the scorching sun, as if dropped out of the sky, their laughter still echoing from a short while ago when they just enjoyed each other. Matters get serious and they suddenly have to start dealing with the problem. "It's just to let the air in"(Hemingway, 476), he sais to her, encouraging her to accept going trough an operation to abort the fetus. The vital source of life, air, becomes the antithesis of it. "It's not really an operation at...
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