" (Azeem, 1995)
VI. The ROLE of the MOTHER
Part two of the work entitled: "Women in Islam vs. Women in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition: The Myth and the Reality" states that in relation to 'mothers' from the viewpoint of the Old Testament, there are several commandments concerning the necessity for kind and considerate treatment of parents and a condemnation for those who dishonor their parents. In Islam, the mother holds a very special place and as described by the Prophet Muhammad as follows: "A man asked the Prophet: 'Whom should I honor most?' The Prophet replied: 'Your mother'. 'And who comes next?' asked the man. The Prophet replied: 'Your mother'. 'And who comes next?' asked the man. The Prophet replied: 'Your mother!'. 'And who comes next?' asked the man. The Prophet replied: 'Your father'" (Bukhari and Muslim; as cited in Kingston, 1995).
VII. RIGHTS of WOMEN COMPARED
The work entitled: "Understanding the Three Abrahamic Faiths: Judaism, Christianity and Islam" states to the question of how Judaism views women that women in Judaism "whether single or married" is viewed " as an individual in her own right, with the right to own and dispose of her property and earnings." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd) in fact, this is taken so seriously that "A marriage contract is drawn up and signed by the groom to the bride who identifies and guarantees her rights." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd) Within the Hebrew Scriptures are women who are prophets "such as Miriam" as well as "judges and generals" (Deborah); war heroes (Jael); great women of faith (Ruth and Abigail) as well as others. (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd)
While women are exempted from many of the commandments "...incumbent upon men....in traditional Judaism...for historical and theological reasons...' still women in Judaism "...play pivotal roles in the life of Judaism: ushering in the Sabbath, fulfilling the role of first teachers of Jewish children, maintaining the everyday laws of kashrut (fitness) and perpetuating Judaism itself through childbirth." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd) This same work reports that Christianity "...has been influenced by and encountered in cultures that are patriarchal.
The stories of Jesus' first followers, many of whom were women (most clearly the witnesses to the Resurrection) suggest that the position of women in the early Church challenged the male-dominated culture of the time. As a living faith, this challenge goes on. Differing parts of the global Church are at different points on the journey." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd)
This work also reports on the role of women in Islam and states that in Islam a woman is viewed "whether single or married, as an individual in her own right, with the right to own and dispose of her property and earnings. A marriage dowry is given by the groom to the bride for her own personal use, and she keeps her own family name rather than taking her husband's. Both men and women are expected to dress in a way that is modest and dignified; the traditions of female dress found in some Muslim countries are often the expression of local customs." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd) Stated is that the Prophet Muhammad said "The most perfect in faith amongst believer is he who is best in the manner and kindest to his wife." (Hughson, Johnston, and Bisman, nd)
VIII. JEWISH WOMEN RECLAIMING THEIR ROLE in RELIGION
The work of Rabbi Lynn Gottlieb entitled: "Claiming the Title Kohenet: Examining Goddess Judaism and the Role of the Priestess Through Conversations with Contemporary Spiritual Leaders" that Kohenet is a word derived from the term 'kohen' which means one of the priestly class under the authority of Moses' brother Aaron, "From who a lineage is traced in which the sons and often the daughters of kohen inherited the role of priest." (nd) Gottlieb states that the book of Jeremiah, in the Bible "refers to women baking cakes for the Queen of Heaven, yet most of us raised in Judaic-Christian traditions were not told this growing up. She is there, in the canon, and ahs been for 3000 years." (Gottlieb, nd)
Gottlieb states that there was never a female creator in the story she heard as an American Jew and in fact, the Sacred Feminine as embodied in deity" was not part of the education that religion provisioned to Gottlieb. Gottlieb states that the Sacred Feminine was hidden by the text and "through the lack of it, the text of the Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament was patriarchal, with an emphasis on punishment...
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