Martin Luther was offended by the widespread corruptions of the papacy; specifically the proclivity of Popes to engage in governmental matter. He also took instances with widespread practices of simony, the selling of indulgences, and issuing church positions based on money and influence. According to Luther, the individual source of religious authority was God as evinced within the Bible. He believed that the numerous manmade religious positions were actually obfuscating these initial points upon which Christianity was founded. Luther believed that salvation was gained by accepting Jesus Christ and his teachings. Since Jesus crucified and resurrected for the sake of humanity, all people had to do was simply believe in this Christ and live in according to his teachings. Luther advocated religious freedom for individual Christians. He did so because he believed the Roman Catholic Church was corrupt,...
His views on the aforementioned issues differed radically from those of the Catholic Church, which viewed the selling of indulgences as a means of strengthening the church's financial position. The Church also believed that the Pope and other Church officials could and should influence governmental matters, and that good works were essential to salvation. Luther's challenge to the Church was extremely successful since he founded an entirely different branch of Christianity (Protestantism) and actually forced the Church to sanitize some of its less desirable practices. The long-term results of the Protestant Reformation were increased religious tolerance across Europe and Germany, as well as greater fragmentation and specialization of Christianity in general. Much of these effects correlate to…
In contrast, English baroque has been described as being more secular, with a higher degree of classical inspiration. However, as Daniells states, this form of the Baroque style is not easy to categorize with finality (Daniells). Wellek uses the term 'restraint' to characterize English baroque (Wellek). With regard to the period of the Scientific Revolution, English Baroque drew inspiration from renaissance geometry. As in the Italian or Roman Baroque, there
The Donations of Constantine were in fact a fraud - a fact that could only have been revealed through the subjecting of the "original" document to unbiased evaluation. Yet Leonardo Bruni, much more than Valla, deserves the credit for shaping the modern idea of history. Advancing on the style and technique of such Classical authors as Herodotus and Thucydides, Bruni developed a more modern, and scientific approach to the
The Catholic Church was forced to react and respond to the Protestant Reformation. This can be seen in the music of Palestrina. The Council of Trent resolved to eliminate the use of secular and ornate music during masses, which it saw as part of the 'worldly excesses' condemned by Protestants. Palestrina composed masses with a "purer, more restrained style" (Sherrane 2008). Palestrina brought forth a resurgent interest in plainsong, "each
Western Civilization The world has always progressed through those adventurous in spirit that were not afraid to brake barriers, to confront established rules and to keep seeking new territories, be it in the fields of science, religion, law, or the physical world. The period of Renaissance that started and flourished in Italy and then spread throughout the rest of the continent changed world views and challenged the traditional at every level.
Humanities, Discuss the Relationships Between Two Historical Art Periods The Renaissance and Ancient Greece The social order is constantly experiencing progress as a result of its tendency to move forward by making use of earlier ideas. The masses generally modify earlier ideas with the purpose of creating new ones, as each period throughout history was inspired from period before it. The classical period was one of the most influential eras in the
Rise of the Narrative Are we returning to a narrative in history? Yes. But now it is a narrative impacted by the numbers of the technology of the information age, which is a different type of impact tha the guardians of the past saw coming. There is little question but that narrative has again begun to find a place in documenting and shaping the substance of history. Few people believe that numbers,
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