These measures have helped the banking system to remain profitable and well-capitalized" ("2009 Article IV," IMF, 2009). This indicates that Saudi Arabia views low levels of speculation to be salutary for its own financial status, which is dependant upon economic growth and a high, steady worldwide demand for oil.
The main area of contention between Saudi Arabia and the IMF has been its undervaluation of its currency, the riyal, which it only recently agreed to peg to the U.S. dollar. This is also keeping with the IMF's policy on a free flow of capital: "The IMF has also generally opposed capital controls, which can help governments stem the loss of reserves, currency crashes, and other problems associated with large capital outflows" (Weisbrot 2009, p.1).
Another criticism of the IMF is how its proportion of voting shares are allocated: the U.S. currently has 16.5%, while high oil producing nations, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Brunei, and Bahrain, collectively only have 4.3% (Weisbrot 2009, p.21). But Saudi Arabia has not been particularly vocal in securing itself a larger share...
Saudi Arabia's International Business Law Saudi Arabia and Socio Economics Oil wealth, which led to dramatic standard of living increases in the Gulf for much of the second half of the twentieth century, no longer is enough to ensure the prosperity of several states. Living standards in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman have remained at a standstill in recent years. For example, from 1980 to 1998, the Saudi economy grew at an
Saudi Arabia vs. American Business Culture A number of U.S. And Europe-based MNCs have, in the past, suffered huge losses due to the lack of appreciation for the Asian way of conducting business, and their culture in general. This explains why it is necessary for businesses and individuals to understand and manage diversity in culture. There is a huge cultural variation between the western and the Asian worlds. Diversity management goes
Thus, Saudi Arabia is caught between a short-run dependency on oil that has it opposing tight restrictions on oil consumption, but has a long-run interest in moving away from the oil economy, something that will only be forced by decreasing oil revenues. There are indications that Saudi Arabia is willing to be flexible in negotiations. It is unlikely that the country would accept limits on its own consumption of fossil
This also includes the well-known Saudi offshore portion of the Persian Gulf which was the focus of much interest and debate during the first Gulf War in early 1990's as a result of Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. Geologically, these oil fields "are mostly the result of what is known as extensional block faulting" in ancient sedimentary rock layers (i.e., sandstone and shale) "in the crystalline Pre-Cambrian basement (or subfloor)" which
To help limit the potential bias in a study as this, and to help support the validity of the results, the researcher will cross compare the results of the study with information gathered from other recent studies monitoring surveillance programs within the primary regions and throughout other areas of the country. It is important to note that to further validate this study, additional research in the future involving a much
In other words, the Court looked at why Nelson was suing Saudi Arabia, and determined whether those claims were based on Saudi Arabia's actions as a sovereign nation or on its actions as a business. Sovereign immunity should continue, even if it results in the occasional unjust activity. To subject foreign governments to liability for their actions as governments would be allowing other countries to dictate the internal policies of
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