The work of Aoude, Cook, and Mitchell (2009) reports a studying which "a series of 13 full-scale axial compression tests was conducted on reinforced concrete (RC) and steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) columns." (p.1) Results of the study are stated to indicate that "the addition of steel fibers can partially substitute for the confinement reinforcement in columns, thereby improving constructability while achieving significant confinement." (p.1) The work of Klemens (2004) entitled: "New Fibers Add Flexibility: Precast Concrete is an Ideal Use for the Product" states that the idea for steel fiber reinforcement for concrete emerged through research at the University of Michigan more than a decade ago. The resulting product, which greatly increases the effectiveness of steel fibers, is just now becoming commercially available." (p.1) It is related in this study that a screw type shape is used to reinforce the steel and that this serves to increase the bonding strength of the concrete." (Klemens, 2004, p.1) Klemens additionally states that this steel additive was originally developed for the purpose of enabling concrete to "...behave more like steel in blast- and earthquake-resistant structures, these steel fibers are likely to be added in concrete where added strength, flexibility, and fewer cracks are desired. And because less material is required and the fibers are small and flexible, the have good mixability and do not form clumps. They also lie flat in the finished concrete and finish as smooth as untreated concrete." (Klemens, 2004, p.1)
RECOMMENDATIONS
There is presently a critical need for development and use of a concrete pavement product...
S. production value. Exports account for approximately half this amount (Binnquist, Lopez, and Shanley). Figure 2 portrays three views of bamboo. One: A bamboo forrest; Two: A bamboos shoot; Three: A bamboo grove walkway. Figure 2: Three Views of Bamboo (adapted from Stickman). As bamboo production levels have risen, the amounts of raw materials needed to facilitate the production have simultaneously increased. The bamboo industry in Anji predominantly harvests bamboo from plantations,
Currently, the cytotoxicity of chrysotile, which is a type of asbestos, as well as Rockwool along with other man-made vitreous fibers (MMVFs) have been evaluated by cell magnetometry. This method established cytoskeleton-dependent functions of macrophages, which contribute to a significant role in phagocytosis, and is used to assess the degree of harm caused on macrophages (Kudo, Kotani, Tomita and Aizawa, 2009). Biological consequences of MMVFs have to be looked at not
On December 14, 2004, Germany was told it must "introduce a system that allows drinks makers, including beer and soft drinks producers, to do business fairly across Europe. Germany must giver drinks makers a longer period to prepare their businesses for complying with the new system, and to make sure consumers can recover their deposits in a far wider variety of drop-off points (unknown)." Recycling Around the World The United States is
Magnum's closed-loop recycling technology eliminates the greenhouse gases produced by old-fashioned recycling processes, removing the steel mesh and fiber from the scrap tires and converting them into purified high-grade tire crumb. The company has collaborated with Sekhar Research Innovations that has granted it exclusive North American rights to a unique activation and devulcanization process that imparts to recycled rubber the same elasticity and resilience as virgin rubber and allows
In homes and buildings, the thermal mass of concrete plays a big role in energy efficiency. The high thermal mass of concrete offers this benefit: it stores and releases the energy required for heating or cooling and hence, reduces "temperature swings in homes and buildings." Interestingly, concrete also helps big rig trucks and "over-the-road trucks" use less fuel; that is because concrete's rigid pavement design is better than asphalt pavement
Glass FaçadeIntroductionGlass is becoming an essential component of many facades. This material is easily shaped and installed, allowing for the creation of gripping and dominating structures. However, a contemporary construction must meet a number of criteria in addition to esthetic standards to create enough comfort within a structure. It is vital to imagine a structure with an “interactive” shell to improve occupant comfort by increasing the quality of interior space
Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.
Get Started Now