¶ … Birth of the First French Republic
The first French Republic was established in 1792 in the aftermath of the 1789 Revolution and abolishment of the monarchy. The National Convention held a meeting in September 1792 that culminated with a vote to put an end to the monarchy and establish the first French Republic. The 1789 Revolution that acted as a catalyst for the abolishment of the monarchy and eventual establishment of the first French Republic gave the people the unprecedented opportunity to confront King Louis XIV who had dominated their lives. As the National Convention voted for the establishment of the first French Republic through abolishing the monarchy, it also tried Louis XVI for treason. The king was found guilty of treason and executed at the beginning of 1793. Given its role in the establishment of the first French Republic, the 1789 Revolution was a complex event with significant impacts on the French society, especially government. Notably, this revolution had far reaching impacts on the rest of Europe and other parts of the world. The Revolution's role in the creation of the first French Republic was largely attributable to its contribution to the fall of kings. However, there are other circumstances and events that contributed to the establishment of the first French Republic.
Cause of the Birth of the First French Republic
The birth of the first French Republic in 1792 was a culmination of a series of events and causes that influenced the National Convention's decision to put an end to the monarchy and establish the republic. Some of the major causes or incidents that contributed to the birth of the first French Republic include
The Revolution
One of the major factors that influenced the birth of the first French Republic is the French Revolution whose second phase started with the general mobilization on 1st September 1792 in which citizens were sent to the front. The first phase of the French Revolution can be traced back to 1789 when the mobilization gave French people the unprecedented opportunity to face the man who had dominated their lives and harass him.[footnoteRef:2] Before the first phase of the French Revolution, Montjoi complained that it had been yoked by the tyranny of self-styled seigneurs without titles to the revolutionary National Assembly. Together with Fraisse, Montjoi was one of the tiny communities in which St. Jean de Bouisse family was seigneur of. The family, through its men, had promised to plague Fraisse and Montjoi to death using old habits. As a result, the first phase of the French Revolution was regarded as the unexpected opportunity for these communities to confront the family that had dominated their lives. It was one of those few lifetime opportunities for ordinary people like the indigent, peasant, traders, and laborers felt much confident to express their dissatisfaction and directly address their authorities. These communities utilized various methods to express themselves during the Revolution including channels of the records of local government like neighborhood meetings or village councils. In some cases, they utilized legal action or protests to express their dissatisfaction. [2: Peter McPhee, Living the French Revolution, 1789-99 (New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan) 2006:1]
On the other hand, the second phase of the Revolution gave impetus to the political and social upheaval whose culmination was the abolishment of the monarchy and the establishment of the first French Republic. The general mobilization resulted in sending citizens to the front in order to express themselves against the existing political and social classes. This mobilization was crucial to efforts by citizens to abolish the monarchy since nearly 1,200 Royalists held in Parisian prisons were massacred. As the general mobilization continued, more citizens joined to an extent that the Revolution had significant impact on the French society and economy. Actually, working people became active participants in the Revolution, which helped in enhancing its societal and economic impact.
The role of the Revolution in the birth of the first French Republic is that it was political and social upheaval that involved and influenced every French citizen albeit in largely contrasting manners. Since it gave citizens an unprecedented opportunity to express themselves, the Revolution had significant impacts on the creation of the first French Republic by giving citizens a suitable platform to engage in negotiation and confrontation with existing distant governments. In this case, the Revolution wasn't just a mere recalcitrant of several provincial communities being acted upon and only sporadically pouring out in violent revenge. The Revolution enjoyed several victories in its quest against distant government, which helped create the first French Republic. For instance,...
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