¶ … Real-Life case study
The research informant selected is a soldier who was deployed in Iraq who is 35 years of age and who was in the army for 15 years. He suffered from drug and alcohol addiction along with post traumatic stress syndrome. At this time he is still battling both of these conditions. When interviewing him, the clear purpose of this project was stated without a doubt, and he was informed of his voluntary participation, along with the fact that he was allowing us to use all the data that he provided. He was reassured of the complete and utter privacy of his responses and how all of his data was going to be kept confidential. For example, he was told that he name was never going to be recorded, none of the researchers would ever have it; instead he was going to be given a number. Furthermore, while his interview was being taped, it was made clear that his image would never be recorded, just his voice.
The purpose of the project was stated as clearly as possible which was: to understand the nuances and factors which contribute to PTSD and to understand why substance abuse is such a common factor with people who struggle with PTSD. Many of the interview questions were taken or adapted from the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM IV. Before the interview began, the participant was warned that he was going to be asked questions which might make him uncomfortable or asked about some of the more stressful and difficult things that happen to people. He was told that these questions might make him upset and that it was up to him to determine how much he wanted to share. He was also told that if he started to feel uncomfortable he should let us know and we could slow down and talk about his feelings.
The part of the interview which was gathered from the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM IV was consisted as follows: The participant would be asked to discuss a particularly distressing event and share issues with recurring images, thoughts or perceptions connected to this event. "Have you ever had unwanted memories of (EVENT)? What were they like? What did you remember? (if not clear): Did they ever occur while you were awake, or only in dreams? [exclude if memories were just in dreams] How often have you had these memories in the past month (week)?
0 Never
1 Once or twice
2 Once or twice a week
3 Several times a week
4 Daily or almost every day" (ptsd.va.gov)
For this question and all connected questions like it, the participant answered with a 4: daily or almost every day.
Another line of questioning would revolve around the intensity of these memories: "How much distress or discomfort did these memories cause you? Were you able to put them out of your mind and think about something else? How hard did you have to try? How much did they interfere with your life?" (ptsd.va.gov)
0 None
1 Mild, minimal distress or disruption of activities
2 Moderate, distress clearly present but still manageable, some disruption of activities
3 Severe, considerable distress, difficulty dismissing memories, marked disruption of activities
4 Extreme, incapacitating distress, cannot dismiss memories, unable to continue activities
For this question and all others like it, the participant answered with a 4, indicating that he was experiencing extreme distress on a daily basis.
Questions like these will help to gain a clearer sense of what the subject is dealing with on a daily basis and to help determine how painful this subject's memories are and how much interferences they're actually causing. However, some of the interview will also just consist of discussing the specific background of the participant in order to gain perspective on his background characteristics. This person comes had a lower-middle class rural background from a small town in North Carolina. His father left when he was five and his mother was remarried twice. The stepfather that raised him was a truck driver who often wasn't around. His background was different from my own in that he was raised in the country from a slightly lower economic class than my own. My parents remained married and raised us both, whereas his parental situation was more complex. The lifespan development stage that he is at is adulthood. The major stresses and obstacles that he is dealing with...
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